List of companies of India

Location of India

India is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country (with over 1.2 billion people), and the most populous democracy in the world.

In 2015, the Indian economy was the world's seventh largest by nominal GDP and third largest by purchasing power parity.[1] Following market-based economic reforms in 1991, India became one of the fastest-growing major economies and is considered a newly industrialised country. However, it continues to face the challenges of poverty, corruption, malnutrition, and inadequate public healthcare.

For further information on the types of business entities in this country and their abbreviations, see "Business entities in India".

Largest firms

This list shows firms in the Fortune Global 500, which ranks firms by total revenue for 2016.[2] Only the top five firms (if available) are included as a sample.

Rank Image Name 2016 Revenues (USD $M) Employees Notes
161 Indian Oil Corporation $54,711 34,659 Indian Oil provides products and services all along the energy value chain, and is India's largest commercial entity. The firm has been on the Global 500 as long as the list has been recorded.
215 Reliance Industries $43,437 24,930 Reliance Industries is a true conglomerate with interests in energy, petrochemicals, textiles, natural resources, retail, and telecommunications. The firm's diversified holdings have weakened in recent years, including a 31% drop this period.
226 Tata Motors $42,092 76,500 Tata Motors is a multinational automobile designer and manufacturer and part of the Tata Group. Tata entered the Global 500 in 2010 at #442 and has risen each year paced by strong revenue growth.
232 State Bank of India $41,681 293,459 The bank is a state-owned financial services entity with $448 billion in assets. The firm entered the list in 2006 and has grown steadily to its current spot.
358 Bharat Petroleum $29,829 13,535 Bharat Petroleum is a state-owned oil and gas producer and retailer. It peaked at 225 in 2012, but significant changes in revenue including a 27% decline in 2016 have dropped Bharat to its current position.

Notable firms

This list includes notable companies with primary headquarters located in the country. The industry and sector follow the Industry Classification Benchmark taxonomy. Organizations which have ceased operations are included and noted as defunct.

     Active firms
     State-owned firms
     Defunct firms

Name Industry Sector Headquarters Founded Notes
Aban Offshore Oil & gas Oil & gas producers Chennai 1986 Oil, petrochemical
ABG Shipyard Industrials Marine transportation Ahmedabad 1985 Ship engineering
ABP Group Consumer services Media Kolkata 1922 Media, news
ACC Limited Industrials Construction & materials Mumbai 1936 Cement
Action Group Conglomerates - New Delhi 1972 Apparel, chemicals, retail, steel
Adani Group Conglomerates - Ahmedabad 1988 Logistics, energy, agribusiness
Aditya Birla Group Conglomerates - Mumbai 1857 Agribusiness, cement, chemicals
Ador Group Conglomerates - Mumbai 1977 Electronics, energy, chemicals
Aftek Technology Computer services Mumbai 1986 IT services
Air Costa Consumer services Travel & leisure Vijayawada 2013 Defunct 2017
Air Odisha Consumer services Travel & leisure Bhubaneswar 2012 Charter airline
Allahabad Bank Financials Banks Kolkata 1865 State majority owned bank
Amartex Consumer services Retail Gurgaon 1984 Clothing retail
Ambuja Cements Industrials Construction & materials Mumbai 1983 Cement
Amrutanjan Healthcare Health care Pharmaceuticals Chennai 1893 Pharma, medicine
Amul Consumer goods Food & beverage Anand 1946 Dairy
Andhra Bank Financials Banks Hyderabad 1923 Public sector bank
Apollo Hospitals Health care Health care providers Chennai 1983 Hospital chain
Apollo Tyres Consumer goods Tires Gurgaon 1972 Tyres, parts
Aptech Industrials Support services Mumbai 1986 Training
Archies Consumer goods Leisure goods New Delhi 1979 Greeting cards
Arise India Industrials Electronic equipment Delhi 1995 Electrical goods
Arvind Conglomerates - Ahmedabad 1931 Clothing, engineering, real estate
Ashok Leyland Industrials Commercial vehicles & trucks Chennai 1948 Trucks
Asia MotorWorks Industrials Commercial vehicles & trucks Mumbai 2002 Trucks
Asian Paints Ltd Basic materials Chemicals Mumbai 1942 Paints
Avantha Group Conglomerates - New Delhi 1919 Chemicals, I/T, BPO
Axis Bank Financials Banks Ahmedabad 1993 Private sector bank
Bajaj Auto Consumer goods Automobiles Pune 1945 Motorcycles, part of Balaji Group
Balaji Group Consumer goods Food & beverage Rajkot 1972 Snacks
Balaji Telefilms Consumer services Media Mumbai 1994 Film production
Ballarpur Industries Limited Basic materials Basic resources Gurgaon 1945 Paper
Bank of Baroda Financials Banks Vadodara 1908 State-owned bank
Bank of India Financials Banks Mumbai 1906 Government-owned bank
Bank of Maharashtra Financials Banks Pune 1935 Government-owned bank
BankBazaar Financials Financial services Chennai 2008 Financial info
Bharat Aluminium Company Basic materials Basic resources New Delhi 1965 Aluminium, part of Vedanta Resources (UK)
Bharat Earth Movers Industrials Commercial vehicles & trucks Bangalore 1964 Heavy construction vehicles
Bharat Electronics Limited Industrials Aerospace & defense Bangalore 1954 State-owned electronics
Bharat Forge Industrials General industrials Pune 1961 Engineering and machinery
Bharat Heavy Electricals Industrials Electronic & electrical equipment New Delhi 1964 State electrical engineering
Bharat Petroleum Oil & gas Oil & gas producers Mumbai 1976 State petrochemical
Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited Telecommunications Fixed line telecommunications New Delhi 2000 State telecom
Bharati Shipyard Industrials Marine transportation Mumbai 1973 Shipyard
Bharti Airtel Telecommunications Mobile telecommunications New Delhi 1995 Global telecom
Bhushan Steel Basic materials Basic resources New Delhi 1987 Steel
Biocon Health care Biotechnology Bangalore 1978 Pharmaceutical ingredients
Bombay Dyeing Consumer goods Personal goods Mumbai 1879 Textiles
Bonn Group of Industries Consumer goods Food & beverage Ludhiana 1985 Baked goods
BPL Group Consumer goods Leisure goods Palakkad 1963 Consumer electronics
Britannia Industries Consumer goods Food & beverage Kolkata 1892 Food products
Cadila Healthcare Health care Pharmaceuticals Ahmedabad 1952 Pharma
Café Coffee Day Consumer services Retail Karnataka 1996 Cafe chain
Calcutta Tramways Company Industrials Industrial transportation Kolkata 1880 Public transportation
Canara Bank Financials Banks Bangalore 1906 State-owned bank
Capital Float Financials Financial services Bangalore 2013 Lending platform
Catholic Syrian Bank Financials Banks Kerala 1920 Private bank
CEAT Consumer goods Automobiles & parts Mumbai 1958 Tyres
Celkon Technology Telecommunications equipment Hyderabad 2009 Mobile handsets
Spice Digital Telecommunications Mobile telecommunications Noida 2000 Mobile services
Central Bank of India Financials Banks Mumbai 1911 Central bank
CESC Limited Utilities Electricity Kolkata 1897 Electrical distribution
Chennai Petroleum Corporation Oil & gas Oil & gas producers Chennai 1965 State oil and gas
Cipla Health care Pharmaceuticals Mumbai 1935 Multi-national pharma
City Union Bank Financials Banks Kumbakonam 1904 Bank
CMC Technology Computer services New Delhi 1975 Information technology
Coal India Limited Basic materials Basic resources Kolkata 1975 Coal mining
Container Corporation of India Industrials Industrial transportation New Delhi 1988 Cargo/shipping
Coromandel International Basic materials Chemicals Hyderabad 1960 Fertilizers, pesticides
Corporation Bank Financials Banks Mangalore 1960 Public bank
Cosmic Circuits Technology Semiconductors Bangalore 2005 Acquired by Cadence Design Systems (US)
CRMNEXT Technology Software Noida 2002 CRM
Crompton Greaves Utilities Electricity Mumbai 1878 Electrical distribution
Cyient Technology Computer hardware Hyderabad 1991 Engineering
Dabur Consumer goods Personal goods Ghaziabad 1884 Alternative medicine
Damodar Valley Corporation Utilities Electricity Kolkata 1948 Power
Datamatics Technology Software Mumbai 1987 Software, BPO
Deccan Charters Consumer services Travel & leisure Bangalore 1997 Charter airline
Delhi Metro Industrials Industrial transportation New Delhi 2002 Public transportation
Dempo Basic materials Basic resources Panaji 1941 Mining
Dena Bank Financials Banks Mumbai 1938 State bank
Dish TV Consumer services Media Noida 2003 Satellite television
DLF Financials Real estate New Delhi 1946 Developer
Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Health care Pharmaceuticals Hyderabad 1984 Multinational pharma
Eicher Motors Industrials Commercial vehicles & trucks Gurgaon 1948 Commercial
EID Parry Consumer goods Food & beverage Chennai 1788 Sugar, distillery
Elico Industrials Electronic equipment Hyderabad 1960 Analytical equipment
Emami Consumer goods Personal goods Kolkata 1974 Fast-moving consumer goods
Emcure Pharmaceuticals Health care Pharmaceuticals Pune 1983 Medicine, pharma
Engineers India Oil & gas Exploration & production New Delhi 1965 Engineering and consulting
English Indian Clays Basic materials Basic resources New Delhi 1963 Clay
Escorts Group Industrials Industrial engineering Faridabad 1960 Heavy equipment, machines
Essar Group Conglomerates - Mumbai 1969 Steel, oil & gas, shipping, real estate
Essel Group Conglomerates - Mumbai 1926 Media, technology, basic materials
Eureka Forbes Consumer goods Household goods Mumbai 1982 Home goods and equipment
Eveready Industries India Industrials General industrials Kolkata 1905 Batteries, lamps
Exide Industries Industrials General industrials Kolkata 1947 Batteries
Federal Bank Financials Banks Kochi 1931 Private bank
Financial Technologies Group Financials Financial services Chennai 1988 Financial technology
Firstsource Industrials Support services Mumbai 2001 BPO
Flipkart Technology Internet Bangalore 2007 E-commerce
Force Motors Consumer goods Automobiles Pune 1958 Three wheelers, cars
Fortis Healthcare Health care Health care providers Gurgaon 2001 Hospitals
Future Group COnsumer services Retail Mumbai 1987 Diversified retail
GAIL Utilities Gas distribution New Delhi 1984 Natural gas
Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Health care Pharmaceuticals Mumbai 1977 Global pharma
GMR Group Industrials Construction & materials Bangalore 1978 Development projects
GoAir Airlines Consumer services Travel & leisure Mumbai 2005 Low-cost carrier
Godrej Group Conglomerates - Mumbai 1897 Aerospace, consumer goods, real estate
Great Eastern Shipping Industrials Industrial transportation Mumbai 1948 Shipping
Gujarat Mineral Development Corporation Basic materials Basic resources Ahmedabad 1963 Mining, metals
GSPC Oil & gas Oil & gas producers Ahmedabad 1979 Petrochemical
GVK Conglomerates - Hyderabad 2005[3] Energy, transportation, hospitality
Haldiram's Consumer goods Food & beverage Bikaner 1937 Sweets and snacks
Havells Industrials Electronic equipment Noida 1958 Electrical equipment
Hawkins Cookers Consumer goods Household goods Mumbai 1921 Cookware
HCL Technologies Industrials Support services Noida 1976 Consulting
HDFC Bank Financials Banks Mumbai 1994 Bank
HDIL Industrials Construction & materials Mumbai 1996 Real estate development
Hero Cycles Personal goods Leisure goods Ludhiana 1956 Bicycles
Hero FinCorp Financials Banks New Delhi 1991 Financing, part of Hero MotoCorp
Hero MotoCorp Consumer goods Automobiles Gurgaon 1984 Motorcycles, part of Hero Cycles
Hexaware Technologies Technology Computer services Mumbai 1990 Information tech and BPO
Hindalco Industries Basic materials Basic resources Mumbai 1958 Aluminum
Hindustan Aeronautics Limited Industrials Aerospace & defense Bangalore 1940 Aircraft
Hindustan Construction Company Industrials Construction & materials Mumbai 1926 Real estate development
Hindustan Copper Basic materials Basic resources Kolkata 1967 State-run mining
Hindustan Motors Consumer goods Automobiles Kolkata 1942 Part of Groupe PSA (France)
Hindustan Petroleum Oil & gas Oil & gas producers Mumbai 1974 State run oil & gas
Hindustan Times Consumer services Media New Delhi 1924 Daily newspaper
Hindustan Zinc Basic materials Basic resources Udaipur 1966 Mining
HMT Industrials Industrial engineering Bangalore 1953 State-owned manufacturing
Housing Development Finance Corporation (HDFC) Financials Financial services Mumbai 1977 Housing finance
iball Consumer goods Consumer electronics Mumbai 2001 Consumer items
ICICI Bank Financials Banks Mumbai 1994 International bank
IDBI Bank Financials Banks Mumbai 1964 State bank
Idea Cellular Telecommunications Mobile telecommunications Mumbai 1995
Ideal Jawa Consumer goods Automobiles Mysore 1960
IDFC Financials Banks Chennai 1997
IL&FS Mumbai 1987
India Cements Industrials Construction & Materials Tirunelveli 1946
India Today Group New Delhi 1975
Indiabulls Financials Gurugram 2000
Indian Bank Financials Banks Chennai 1907
Indian Express Group New Delhi 1932
Indian Oil Corporation New Delhi 1959
Indian Overseas Bank Financials Banks Chennai 1937
Indian Railways New Delhi 1853
Indian Register of Shipping Mumbai 1975
Indian Telephone Industries Limited Bengaluru 1949
IndiaTimes Group Mumbai 1838
IndiGo Gurugram 2006
Indo Gulf Fertilisers Jagdishpur
IndusInd Bank Financials Banks Mumbai 1994
Infibeam Ahmedabad 2007
Infosys BPO Bengaluru 2002
Infosys Bengaluru 1981
ING Life India Bengaluru 2001
Inkfruit Mumbai 2007
InMobi Singapore 2007
Inno Garage Hyderabad 2009
Intelenet Global Services Mumbai 2000
Intex Technologies New Delhi 1996
Ispat Nagpur 1984
ITC Limited Conglomerates - Kolkata 1910
Ittiam Systems Bengaluru 2001
iWave System Technologies Embedded system Electronics Bangalore 1999 Single-board computer
Jabong.com Gurugram 2012
Jain Irrigation Systems Jalgaon 1986
Jaiprakash Associates Noida 1979
Jaypee Group Noida 1979
Jet Airways Mumbai 1992
JetLite Mumbai 1991
JSWL Mumbai 1982
Jindal Steel New Delhi 1952
JK Tyre New Delhi 1874
Jubilant FoodWorks Noida 1995
Karbonn Mobiles Bengaluru 2009
Karnataka Bank Limited Mangaluru 1924
Karnataka Soaps and Detergents Limited Mysore 1916
Karur Vysya Bank Financials Banks Karur 1916
Kirloskar Group Conglomerates - Pune 1888
Knowlarity Communications Singapore 2009
Kokuyo Camlin Consumer goods Leisure goods Mumbai 1931 Pens, stationary
Konkan Railway Corporation Navi Mumbai 1990
Kotak Mahindra Bank Financials Banks Mumbai 1965
KSK Energy Ventures Limited Hyderabad
Kudremukh Iron Ore Company Ltd. Mangaluru 1976
Lakshmi Machine Works Coimbatore 1962
Lakshmi Vilas Bank Financials Banks Chennai 1926
Lanco Infratech New Delhi 1986
Larsen & Toubro Conglomerates - Mumbai 1938
Lava Mobiles Noida 2009
Liberty Shoes Karnal 1954
LIC Mumbai 1956
Madras Rubber Factory Chennai 1946
Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited Telecommunications Fixed line telecommunications New Delhi 1986
Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation Mumbai 1962
Mahindra & Mahindra Consumer goods Automobiles Mumbai 1945
Mahindra Satyam Hyderabad 2009 defunct
Makemytrip Gurugram 2000
Mangalore Chemicals & Fertilizers Bengaluru 1974
Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals Limited Mangaluru 1988
Marico Mumbai 1991
Maruti Suzuki New Delhi 1981
Mastek Mumbai 1982
MECON Limited Ranchi 1973
Metro Shoes Mumbai 1947
Microland Bengaluru 1989
Micromax Mobile Gurugram 2000
Mindtree Bengaluru 1999
Minerals and Metals Trading Corporation of India New Delhi 1963
Mistral Solutions Bengaluru 1997
MOIL Limited Nagpur 1962
Moser Baer New Delhi 1983
Mphasis Bengaluru 2000
MS Shoes Delhi 1986
Mukand Ltd Mumbai 1937
Mundra Port Mundra 1998
Muthoot Finance Ltd Finances Kochi 1939
Muthoot Kochi 1887
Myntra.com Bengaluru 2009
Mysore Sandal Soap Mysore 1916
National Aluminium Company Bhubaneswar 1981
National Buildings Construction Corporation Limited (NBCC) New Delhi 1960
National Fertilizers Limited Noida 1974
National Hydroelectric Power Corporation (NHPC) Faridabad 1975
National Mineral Development Corporation (NMDC) Hyderabad 1958
National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) New Delhi 1975
National Engineering Industries Ltd. (NBC Bearings) Jaipur 1946
NDTV New Delhi 1988
Nectar Lifesciences Chandigarh 1995
Network 18 Noida 1993
Neyveli Lignite Corporation Neyveli 1956
Nicholas Piramal Mumbai 1988
NIIT Gurugram 1981
Nilkamal Plastics Mumbai 1981
Nirma Ahmedabad 1990
NITI Aayog New Delhi 2015
Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited Mumbai 1987
Oil India Limited Duliajan 1959
OnAds Communications
ONGC Dehradun 1956
Onida Electronics Mumbai 1981
Onmobile Bangalore 2000
Ordnance Factories Board Kolkata 1775
Organic India Lucknow
Oriental Bank of Commerce Financials Banks Gurugram 1943
Pantaloon Retail India Mumbai 1997
Paramount Airways Chennai 2005
Parle Agro Mumbai 1984
Parle Products Mumbai 1929
Pawan Hans Noida 1985
Pentamedia Graphics Limited
Perigreen Hyderabad
Persistent Systems Nagpur 1990
Petronet LNG New Delhi
Pidilite Industries Mumbai 1959
Pipavav shipyard limited Mumbai 1997
Piramal Enterprises Ltd Conglomerates - Mumbai 1988
POSCO India Bhubaneswar 2005
Power Finance Corporation New Delhi 1986
Power Grid Gurugram 1989
Praj Industries Ltd Pune 1983
Punj Lloyd New Delhi
Punjab and Sindh Bank Financials Banks New Delhi 1908
Punjab National Bank Financials Banks New Delhi 1894
R K Global Mumbai 1995
Ramco Systems Chennai 1992
Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited Gurugram 1961
Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilizers Mumbai 1978
Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Visakhapatnam 1982
Raymond Group Mumbai 1925
Rediff.com Mumbai 1996
Reliance ADA Group Conglomerates - Navi Mumbai 1966
Reliance Capital Financials Mumbai 1986
Reliance Communications Telecommunications Mobile telecommunications Mumbai 2002
Reliance Digital Mumbai 2007
Reliance Fresh Mumbai 2006
Reliance Industries Mumbai 1966
Reliance Infrastructure Mumbai 2002
Reliance Life Insurance
Reliance Petroleum Ahmedabad 2008
Reliance Power Navi Mumbai 2007
Reliance Retail Mumbai 2006
RITES Gurugram 1974
RKSV Mumbai
RockCrete Consultancy Raipur 2012
Royal Enfield (India) Consumer goods Automobiles Chennai 1955
RPG Group Conglomerates - Mumbai 1979
Rupani Footwear Kanpur 1986
Rural Electrification Corporation Limited New Delhi 1969
Sahara India Pariwar Conglomerates - Lucknow 1978
SAS Motors Limited 2004
Sasken Communication Technologies Bengaluru 1989
Sea6 Energy Bengaluru 2010
Sesa Sterlite Limited New Delhi 1954
Shapoorji Pallonji Group Conglomerates - Mumbai 1865
Shipping Corporation of India Ltd Mumbai 1961
Shoppers' Stop Mumbai 1991
Shree Cement Kolkata 1979
Shree Ganesh Jewellery House Kolkata 2002
Shree Renuka Sugars Belgaum 1998
Shriram Transport Finance Chennai 1974
Simplify360 Bengaluru 2009
Singareni Collories Company Ltd Kothagudem 1920
SJVN 2004
SMGB Financials Banks Malappuram 1976
Snapdeal New Delhi 2010
Sobha Developers Ltd Bengaluru 1995
Sonata Software Bengaluru 1986
South Indian Bank Financials Banks Thrissur 1929
Spice Telecom 1997
SpiceJet Gurugram 2005
State Bank of India Financials Banks Mumbai 1806
Steel Authority of India Limited New Delhi 1954
Sterlite Industries Kolkata 1975
Sterlite Technologies Pune 2000
Suminter India Organics Mumbai 2003
Sun Group Chennai 1992
Sun Pharmaceutical Mumbai 1983
Surya Roshni Limited Delhi 1973
Suzlon Energy Pune 1995
Swaraj Mazda Ltd. Chandigarh 1983
TAFE Tractors Chennai 1960
Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Papers Chennai 1979
Tamilnad Mercantile Bank Limited Financials Banks Tuticorin 1921
Tata Business Support Services Hyderabad 2004
Tata Chemicals Mumbai 1939
Tata Communications Mumbai 1986
Tata Consultancy Services Mumbai 1968
Tata Global Beverages Kolkata 1964
Tata Interactive Systems Mumbai Kolkata 1990
Tata Motors Mumbai 1945
Tata Power Mumbai 1910
Tata Sky Mumbai 2004
Tata Steel Mumbai 1907
Tata Technologies Singapore 1989
Tavant Technologies California 2000
Tech Mahindra Pune 2017
TEMA India Mumbai 1984
Tessolve Bengaluru 2004
Himalaya Drug Company Bengaluru 1930
The Hindu Chennai 1878
The Times Group Mumbai 1838
Thermax Pune 1980
Thirdware Mumbai, Novi, Michigan 1995
Titan Industries Bengaluru 1984
Torrent Group Ahmedabad 1959
TradeIndia New Delhi 1996
TVS Motors Chennai 1978
UCO Bank Financials Banks Kolkata 1943
UltraTech Cement Mumbai 1983
Union Bank of India Financials Banks Mumbai 1919
Unitech Group New Delhi 1972
United Bank of India Kolkata 1950
United Breweries (Holdings) Ltd. Conglomerates - Bengaluru 1857
VA Tech Wabag Chennai 1924
Vadilal Conglomerates - Ahmedabad 1907
VAV Life Sciences Mumbai 2003
Vee Technologies Bangalore, New York City 2000
Vedanta Resources London 1976
V-Guard Industries Ltd Kochi 1977
Vicco Group Mumbai 1952
Videocon Group Conglomerates - Mumbai 1979
Vijaya Bank Financials Banks Bengaluru 1931
VIP Industries Mumbai 1971
Visaka Industries Limited 1983
Vizag Steel Visakhapatnam 1971
Voltas Limited Mumbai 1954
Voonik Bengaluru 2013
VST Industries Conglomerates - Hyderabad 1930
Wadia Group Conglomerates - Mumbai 1736
Walchandnagar Industries Mumbai 1908
Welspun Corp Ltd Mumbai 1995
Welspun India Ltd Mumbai 1985
Welspun Syntex Ltd Mumbai 1982
West Bengal Electronics Industry Development Corporation (WEBEL) Kolkata 1974
West Bengal Power Development Corporation Limited Kolkata 1985
West Bengal State Coop Bank Kolkata 1918
West Bengal State Electricity Distribution Company Kolkata 2007
West Bengal State Electricity Transmission Company Kolkata 2007
Wipro Bengaluru 1945
XOLO Noida 2012
Yatra.com Gurugram 2006
Yebhi.com Gurugram 2009
Yepme Gurugram 2011
Yes Bank Financials Banks Mumbai 2004
Zandu Realty Mumbai 1910
Zee Entertainment Enterprises Mumbai 1992
Zee News Mumbai 1999
Zensar Technologies Pune 1991
Zerodha Bengaluru 2010
Zoho Corp. Chennai 1996
Zomato Gurugram 2008

See also

References

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.