List of government ministries of Thailand
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The Government Ministries of Thailand (Thai: āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļ: Krasuang) are the government agencies that compose the executive branch of the Government of Thailand. Each ministry is headed by a minister of state (Thai: āļĢāļąāļāļĄāļāļāļĢāļĩāļ§āđāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļ, rtgs: Ratthamontri Wa Kan Krasuang) and, depending on the prime minister, several deputy ministers (Thai: āļĢāļąāļāļĄāļāļāļĢāļĩāļāđāļ§āļĒāļ§āđāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļ) . The combined heads of these agencies form the Cabinet of Thailand. There are 19 ministries.[1] The combined employees of these departments make up the Civil Service of Thailand.
Ministries
The present structure of the Royal Thai Government has been the same since the Administrative Reorganisation Act, BE 2545 (2002). The cabinet includes 19 ministries plus the Office of the Prime Minister (OPM):
Name | Since | Head | Seal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
English | Thai | Romanised (RTGS) |
Image | Name | ||
Office of the Prime Minister | āļŠāļģāļāļąāļāļāļēāļĒāļāļĢāļąāļāļĄāļāļāļĢāļĩ | Samnak Nayok Ratthamontri | 1960 | Minister | Seal of Rajasiha and Gajasiha, the Protectors of the Constitution | |
Ministry of Defence | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļāļĨāļēāđāļŦāļĄ | Krasuang Kalahom | 1887 | Minister | Seal of the Thai Armed Forces | |
Ministry of Finance | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĨāļąāļ | Krasuang Kan Khlang | 1875 | Minister | Seal of the Bird of Paradise | |
Ministry of Foreign Affairs | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļāļēāļĢāļāđāļēāļāļāļĢāļ°āđāļāļĻ | Krasuang Kan Tang Prathet | 1840 | Minister | Seal of the Crystal Lotus | |
Ministry of Tourism and Sports | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļāļēāļĢāļāđāļāļāđāļāļĩāđāļĒāļ§āđāļĨāļ°āļāļĩāļŽāļē | Krasuang Kan Thong Thiao Lae Kila | 2002 | Minister | Seal of the Lord of Strength on the Back of Airavata | |
Ministry of Social Development and Human Security | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļāļēāļĢāļāļąāļāļāļēāļŠāļąāļāļāļĄāđāļĨāļ°āļāļ§āļēāļĄāļĄāļąāđāļāļāļāļāļāļāļĄāļāļļāļĐāļĒāđ | Krasuang Kan Phatthana Sangkhom Lae Khwam Man Khong Khong Manut | 2002 | Minister | Seal of the Lord of Creatures | |
Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāđāļāļĐāļāļĢāđāļĨāļ°āļŠāļŦāļāļĢāļāđ | Krasuang Kaset Lae Sahakon | 1892 | Minister | Seal of Varuna on Naga's Back | |
Ministry of Transport | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļāļĄāļāļēāļāļĄ | Krasuang Khamanakhom | 1912 | Minister | Seal of Rama on the Chariot | |
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļāļĢāļąāļāļĒāļēāļāļĢāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļāļēāļāļīāđāļĨāļ°āļŠāļīāđāļāđāļ§āļāļĨāđāļāļĄ | Krasuang Sapphayakon Thammachat Lae Sing Waet Lom | 2002 | Minister | Seal of the Shield of Nature | |
Ministry of Digital Economy and Society | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļāļīāļāļīāļāļąāļĨāđāļāļ·āđāļāđāļĻāļĢāļĐāļāļāļīāļāđāļĨāļ°āļŠāļąāļāļāļĄ | Krasuang Digital Phuea Setthakit Lae Sangkhom | 2016 | Minister | Seal of Budha | |
Ministry of Energy | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļāļĨāļąāļāļāļēāļ | Krasuang Phalang Ngan | 2002 | Minister | Seal of Lokuttara | |
Ministry of Commerce | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļāļēāļāļīāļāļĒāđ | Krasuang Phanit | 1892 | Minister | Seal of Vishvakarman | |
Ministry of Interior | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļĄāļŦāļēāļāđāļāļĒ | Krasuang Mahatthai | 1892 | Minister | Seal of the Lion | |
Ministry of Justice | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļĒāļļāļāļīāļāļĢāļĢāļĄ | Krasuang Yuttitham | 1891 | Minister | Seal of the Scales of Justice | |
Ministry of Labour | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāđāļĢāļāļāļēāļ | Krasuang Raeng Ngan | 1993 | Minister | Seal of the Three Deities | |
Ministry of Culture | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļ§āļąāļāļāļāļĢāļĢāļĄ | Krasuang Watthanatham | 2002 | Minister | |
Seal of the Illumed Baldachin |
Ministry of Science and Technology | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļ§āļīāļāļĒāļēāļĻāļēāļŠāļāļĢāđāđāļĨāļ°āđāļāļāđāļāđāļĨāļĒāļĩ | Krasuang Witthayasat Lae Theknoloyi | 1979 | Minister | Seal of Atom | |
Ministry of Education | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļāļīāļāļēāļĢ | Krasuang Sueksathikan | 1892 | Minister | |
Seal of the Wheel of Law on the Boundary Stone |
Ministry of Public Health | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļŠāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļŠāļļāļ | Krasuang Satharanasuk | 1942 | Minister | Seal of Caduceus
(Renew Seal Design in 2016) | |
Ministry of Industry | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļāļļāļāļŠāļēāļŦāļāļĢāļĢāļĄ | Krasuang Utsahakam | 1942 | Minister | Seal of Narayana Churning the Ocean of Milk | |
History
During the Rattanakosin Period, the kingdom's administration was similar to that during the Ayutthaya Period. There were two chief ministers (Thai: āļāļąāļāļĢāļĄāļŦāļēāđāļŠāļāļēāļāļāļĩ: Akkhramahasenabodi): the first running military affairs or "samuhakalahom" (Thai: āļŠāļĄāļļāļŦāļāļĨāļēāđāļŦāļĄ) and the second "Samuhanayok" (Thai: āļŠāļĄāļļāļŦāļāļēāļĒāļ) for civilian affairs. The civilian ministry was divided further into four "kroms" (Thai: āļāļĢāļĄ), headed by a "senabodi" (Thai: āđāļŠāļāļēāļāļāļĩ) or "minister". This type of administration was called the "chatusadom" (Thai: āļāļāļļāļŠāļāļĄāļ āđ) :
Name | Thai Name | Head | Purpose |
---|---|---|---|
Krom Nakhonban or Kromma Wiang | āļāļĢāļĄāļāļāļĢāļāļēāļĨ āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ āļāļĢāļĄāđāļ§āļĩāļĒāļ | Senabodi | Cities and local administration |
Kromma Wang | āļāļĢāļĄāļ§āļąāļ | Senabodi | Palace affairs |
Kromma Khlang | āļāļĢāļĄāļāļĨāļąāļ | Senabodi | Treasury and trade |
Kromma Na | āļāļĢāļĄāļāļē | Senabodi | Agriculture and land |
King Chulalongkorn (Rama V), who had received a European education and traveled widely, reformed the administration of the state. In 1875, he issued a royal decree to bring about this reform, dividing and creating many departments, and thereby preventing the archaic system from collapsing.
Rama V reforms
The administrative reforms of Chulalongkorn created six ministries (Thai: āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļ: Krasuang), each headed by a minister of state or (Thai: āļĢāļąāļāļĄāļāļāļĢāļĩ, rtgs: ratthamontri):
Name | Thai Name | Head | Purpose |
---|---|---|---|
Mahatthai Ministry | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļĄāļŦāļēāļāđāļāļĒ | Minister | Local administration and the north |
Kalahom Ministry | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļāļĨāļēāđāļŦāļĄ | Minister | Military and the south |
Nakhonban Ministry | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļāļāļĢāļāļēāļĨ | Minister | Bangkok and surrounding area |
Wang Ministry | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļ§āļąāļ | Minister | Palace affairs |
Kan Khlang Ministry | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĨāļąāļ | Minister | Finance and commerce |
Kasettrathikan Ministry | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāđāļāļĐāļāļĢāļēāļāļīāļāļēāļĢ | Minister | Agriculture and land |
A further four were soon added:
Name | Thai Name | Head | Purpose |
---|---|---|---|
Kan Tang Prathet Ministry | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļāļēāļĢāļāđāļēāļāļāļĢāļ°āđāļāļĻ | Minister | Foreign affairs and relations |
Yuttitham Ministry | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļĒāļļāļāļīāļāļĢāļĢāļĄ | Minister | Justice and the judiciary |
Yothathikan Ministry | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāđāļĒāļāļēāļāļīāļāļēāļĢ | Minister | Transport and communication (railways and telegrams) |
Thammakan Ministry | āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļ§āļāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļāļēāļĢ | Minister | Education |
By 1900 the entire structure was formed. The ten ministries became the center of Siamese government and rule. After the 1932 Revolution, most of the ministries were retained by the Khana Ratsadon, however from then on the ministers were chosen by the prime minister and not the king.
See also
- Cabinet of Thailand
- Independent agencies of the Thai government
- Government of Thailand
- Politics of Thailand
- Prime Minister of Thailand
References
- â "Government Agencies". Office of the Prime Minister (OPM) (Thailand). Retrieved 5 July 2016.
External links
- Official webpage
- Reshaping Thailand through Bureaucratic Reform and Development
- The History of Thailand's Administration Website of the Department of Provincial Administration â DOPA (in English) ( Internet archive of November 25, 2009)