List of Douglas DC-4 variants

DC-4

Douglas DC-4 of Pacific Western Airlines in 1959

This is a list of civil and military variants of the Douglas DC-4:

Civil variants

DC-4

Initial prototype. One built.^[1]

DC-4-1009

Postwar passenger model. This civil model could carry up to 88 passengers.

DC-4-1037

Postwar freight model.

DC-4A

Civilian model designation for the C-54 Skymaster.^[1]

DC-4M-1X North Star^[1]

The initial prototype that was later part of the TCA order.

DC-4M-2/3 North Star

Four-engined civil transport aircraft for Trans Canada Airlines, powered by four Rolls-Royce Merlin 622 piston engines. A total of 20 built for Trans-Canada Airlines. Also known as the North Star M2-3.

DC-4M-2/4 North Star

Four-engined civil transport aircraft for Trans Canada Airlines, powered by four Rolls-Royce Merlin 624 piston engines. Also known as the North Star M2-4.

DC-4M-2/4C North Star: DC-4M-2/4 North Star cargo conversions done between 1954-1961. Also known as the North Star M2-4C.^[1]

DC-4M-1 North Star Mk M1

Six aircraft operated by Trans Canada Airlines, on loan from the RCAF.

C-4 Argonaut

A total of 22 built for use by BOAC.

North Star C-4-1

Four aircraft identical to BOAC's Argonauts built to Canadian Pacific Airlines specifications. Also known as the Canadair Four

North Star C-4-1C

North Star C-4-1s converted into freight or cargo aircraft.

C-5 North Star

One RCAF VIP transport version powered by four Pratt & Whitney R-2800 radial piston engines.

CL-2

Canadair model number for the DC-4M-1X, DC-4M-2/3, DC-4M-2/4 and C-54GM North Star.^[1]

CL-4

Canadair model number for the C-4 Argonaut and C-4-1 Canadair Four.^[1]

CL-5

Canadair model number for the sole C-5 North Star.^[1]

Aviation Traders Carvair

Starting in 1959, 21 DC-4s and C-54s found new life as ATL-98 Carvairs. The Carvair was designed to carry 22 passengers and five automobiles. This was accomplished by extending the fuselage, moving the cockpit above the fuselage, adding a side-opening nose, and enlarging the vertical stabilizer to offset the larger forward fuselage. These aircraft served as flying ferries well into the 1970s, and two are still airworthy as of March 2008 - one each in Texas and South Africa.

Military variants

Berliners watching a C-54 land at Tempelhof Airport (1948).

A Douglas C-54 Skymaster, called Spirit of Freedom, currently operated as a flying museum regarding the Berlin Airlift.

VC-54C, the first aircraft used in the role of Air Force One (by President Franklin D. Roosevelt).

C-54D repainted in USAAF wartime markings. Chico, California, October 1992

C-54E.

C-54: First production variant adapted from DC-4, 24 built.
C-54A: First military version with strengthened airframe, increased fuel capacity, provision for passengers or cargo, Navy equivalent R5D-1, 252 built.
MC-54A: Optional designation for C-54As used for medical evacuation.
ZC-54A: Redesignation for "obsolete" C-54As.^[1]
ZJC-54A: One ZC-54A converted for flight testing.^[1]
C-54B: Increased fuel capacity in the wing, One was used by Winston Churchill, 220 built.
VC-54C: One C-54A converted as Presidential transport version (Sacred Cow colloq.) delivered to Air Transport Command in June 1944 for Franklin D. Roosevelt and used by Harry Truman (officially retired July 1961, transferred to "National Air Museum of the Smithsonian Institution" on December 4, 1961)^[2]
C-54D: Same as C-54B but with R-2000-11 engines, 380 built.
AC-54D: Small number of aircraft modified with special electronic calibration and communications equipment. The aircraft were redesignated EC-54D.
EC-54D: Redesignation of the AC-54D.
HC-54D Rescuemaster: Redesignation of the SC-54D.
JC-54D: Nine C-54Ds temporary converted for missile tracking and nose-cone recovery.
SC-54D: 38 aircraft converted by Convair, as search and rescue aircraft. Later redesignated HC-54D.
TC-54D: C-54Ds converted into multi-engine training aircraft.
VC-54D: C-54Ds converted into VIP transport aircraft.
WC-54D: C-54Ds converted for weather reconnaissance.
C-54E: Further revision to fuel tanks and provision for rapid conversion from passenger to cargo, 125 built.
AC-54E: C-54Es converted for airways calibration, redesignated EC-54E in 1962.
EC-54E: AC-54E redesignated in 1962.
HC-54E: SC-54E redesignated in 1962.
SC-54E: C-54E converted for air-sea rescue, redesignated HC-54E in 1962.
VC-54E: C-54Es converted as a staff transport.
XC-54F: Proposed experimental paratroop version, not built.
C-54G

USAF MATS HC-54G search and rescue conversion taking off in 1963

Same as C-54E but with different version of the R2000 engine. 400 ordered of which 162 were completed, remainder cancelled.
HC-54G: SC-54G redesignated in 1962.
JC-54G: C-54Gs used for temporary testing.
SC-54G: C-54Gs converted for air-sea rescue, redesignated HC-54G in 1962.
VC-54G: C-54Gs converted into VIP/staff transport aircraft.

Canadair C-54GM North Star Mk 1 under restoration.

C-54GM North Star Mk 1

Four-engined military transport aircraft for the RCAF, powered by four Rolls-Royce Merlin 620 piston engines. A total of 24 built for RCAF transport use, (the first six actually modified DC-4s).

C-54GM North Star Mk M1 ST: North Star Mk M1s converted into passenger transport aircraft.

C-54H

Paratroop transport. None built.

C-54J

Staff transport project, none built. Navy designation R5D-6.

XC-54K

Long range version, one aircraft built with Wright R-1820 engines.

C-54L

One C-54A aircraft tested in 1947 with an experimental fuel system.

C-54M

Specialized modification of C-54 to carry coal during the Berlin Airlift, 38 conversions.

MC-54M

Specialized modification of C-54E for medical evacuation, 30 conversions.

VC-54M

Single MC-54M converted to a VIP transport.^[1]

VC-54N

R5D-1Z redesignated in 1962.

C-54P

R5D-2 redesignated in 1962.

VC-54P

R5D-2Z redesignated in 1962.

C-54Q

R5D-3 redesignated in 1962.

VC-54Q

R5D-3Z redesignated in 1962.

C-54R

R5D-4R redesignated in 1962.

C-54S

R5D-5 redesignated in 1962.

VC-54S

R5D-5Z redesignated in 1962.

C-54T

R5D-5R redesignated in 1962.

EC-54U

R5D-4 redesignated in 1962.

RC-54V

R5D-3P redesignated in 1962.

R5D-1

56 C-54As transferred to the United States Navy.

R5D-1C

R5D-1s modified in US Navy service, with a fuel system based on the one used in the C-54B.

R5D-1F

Naval staff transport conversions of the R5D-1, redesignated R5D-1Z then VC-54N.

R5D-1Z

Interim designation of the R5D-1F.

R5D-2

30 C-54Bs transferred to the United States Navy, redesignated C-54P in 1962.

R5D-2F

Naval staff transport conversion of the R5D-2, redesignated R5D-2Z then VC-54P in 1962.

R5D-2Z

Interim designation of the R5D-2F.

R5D-2-2

R5D-2 converted to a radar and radio testbed with a dorsal mast and wingtip pods.^[1]

U.S.Navy R5D-3 Skymaster at Blackbushe, Hampshire, in 1954

R5D-3: 95 C-54Ds transferred to the United States Navy, redesignated C-54Q in 1962.
R5D-3P: Photo survey conversions of the R5D-3, redesignated RC-54V in 1962.
R5D-3Z: Naval staff transport conversions of the R5D-3, redesignated VC-54Q in 1962.
R5D-4: 20 C-54Es transferred to the United States Navy, redesignated EC-54U in 1962.
R5D-4R: Passenger only conversion of the R5D-4, redesignated C-54R in 1962.
R5D-5: R5D-2 and R5D-3s re-engined to approximate C-54G standards, redesignated C-54S in 1962.
R5D-5R: Passenger only conversion of the R5D-5, redesignated C-54T in 1962, 86 conversion.
R5D-5Z: Staff transport conversion of the R5D-5, redesignated VC-54S in 1962.
R5D-6: Proposed USN version of the C-54J with passenger interior, not built.
XC-112: Pressurized variant of the C-54B with Pratt & Whitney R-2800 engines. None built.
XC-112A: As XC-112. One built. Developed into DC-6 / C-118 family. Later redesignated YC-112A.
XC-114: Stretched C-54E powered by Allison V-1710 engines. One built.
XC-115: XC-114 with Packard V-1650 engines. None Built.
YC-116: XC-114 with thermal de-icing rather than rubber boots for testing, one built.
Skymaster I: Royal Air Force designation for 22 C-54Ds.

References

Notes

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 "DOUGLAS DC-4 / C-54 SKYMASTER". US Warplanes.net. Retrieved December 17, 2012.
↑ The Airplane: 797. December 21, 1961. Missing or empty |title= (help) (cited by "Out of the Past: 50 Years Ago, December 1961". Aerospace America: 76. December 2011. )

Bibliography

Berry, Peter et al. The Douglas DC-4. Tonbridge, Kent, UK: Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd, 1967.
Blewett, R. Survivors. Coulsden, UK: Aviation Classics, 2007. ISBN 978-0-9530413-4-3.
Eastwood, Tony and John Roach. Piston Engine Airliner Production List. West Drayton, UK: Aviation Hobby Shop, 1991. ISBN 0-907178-37-5.
Francillon, René. McDonnell Douglas Aircraft Since 1920: Volume I. London: Putnam, 1979. ISBN 0-87021-428-4.
Milberry, Larry. The Canadair North Star. Toronto: CANAV Books, 1982. ISBN 0-07-549965-7.
Pearcy, Arthur. Douglas Propliners: DC-1–DC-7. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife Publishing, 1995. ISBN 1-85310-261-X.
Pickler, Ron and Larry Milberry. Canadair: The First 50 Years. Toronto: CANAV Books, 1995. ISBN 0-921022-07-7.
The PSA History/Oldtimers Page
Yenne, Bill. McDonnell Douglas: A Tale of Two Giants. Greenwich, Connecticut: Bison Books, 1985. ISBN 0-517-44287-6.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Canadair North Star.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to C-54 Skymaster.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Douglas DC-4.

Canadair DC4M North Star
Moose Jaw crash at virtualmuseum.ca
Berlin Airlift Historical Foundation - Operates C-54 "Spirit of Freedom" as flying Berlin Airlift Museum
Air Force Association page on C-54
Air Force Museum page on the VC-54C
Warbird Alley: C-54 page
Cockpit View of C-54 During Landing/Taxi
Boeing McDonnell Douglas page on DC-4
The last passenger certified & built DC-4s in the world
Vintage Wings of Canada Canadair North Star showing RR Merlin installation

Douglas military aircraft
Fighters	XFD XP-48 P-70 F3D Skyknight F4D Skyray F5D Skylancer XF6D Missileer
Ground attack	XA-2 A-20 A-24 A-26 A-33 A-1 Skyraider A-3 Skywarrior A-4 Skyhawk/A-4AR/A-4SU AC-47 DT T2D XT3D TBD Devastator SBD Dauntless BD XBTD XTB2D AD XA2D A3D A4D
Bombers	YB-7 YB-11 B-18 XB-19 XB-22 B-23 B-26 XB-31 XB-42 XB-43 B-66 DB-1 DB-2 DB-7 DB-8 DB-19 DB-73 Boston I/II/III/IV/V Digby I Havoc I/II DXD1
Observation	O-2 OD O2D O-31 O-35 O-38 O-43 YO-44 O-46 O-53 YOA-5
Patrol	PD P2D P3D
Reconnaissance	F-3
Transports	C-1 C-21 C-32 C-33 YC-34 C-38 C-39 C-41 C-41A C-42 C-47 C-48 C-49 C-50 C-51 C-52 C-53 C-54 C-58 UC-67 C-68 C-74 C-84 C-110 XC-112/YC-112 XC-114 YC-116 C-117 C-118 C-124 YC-129 C-133 C-9 C-24 RD R2D R3D R4D (R4D-2 & R4D-4) R5D JD R6D CC-129 Dakota I/III/IV Dakota II LXD1 PD.808 Skymaster I
Gliders	XCG-17
Training aircraft	BT-1 BT-2 XT-30
Experimental	DWC D-558-1 D-558-2 X-3

United States military transport aircraft designations, Army/Air Force and Tri-Service systems
Army/Air Force sequence (1925-1962)	C-1 C-2 C-3 C-4 C-5 C-6 C-7 C-8 C-9 C-10 C-11 C-12 C-13¹ C-14 C-15 C-16 C-17 C-18 C-19 C-20 C-21 C-22 C-23 C-24 C-25 C-26 C-27 C-28 C-29 C-30 C-31 C-32 C-33 C-34 C-35 C-36 C-37 C-38 C-39 C-40 C-41/A C-42 C-43 C-44 C-45 C-46 C-47/T C-48 C-49 C-50 C-51 C-52 C-53 C-54 C-55 C-56 C-57 C-58 C-59 C-60 C-61 C-62 C-63 C-64 C-65 C-66 C-67 C-68 C-69 C-70/A/B/C/D C-71 C-72 C-73 C-74 C-75 C-76 C-77/B-D C-78 C-79 C-80 C-81 C-82 C-83 C-84 C-85 C-86 C-87 C-88 C-89 C-90 C-91 C-92 C-93 C-94 C-95 C-96 C-97/KC-97 C-98 C-99 C-100 C-101 C-102 C-103 C-104 C-105 C-106 C-107 C-108 C-109 C-110 C-111 C-112 C-113 C-114 C-115 C-116 C-117 C-118 C-119 C-120 C-121/F C-122 C-123/A C-124 C-125 C-126 C-127 (I) C-127 (II) C-128 C-129 C-130/J C-131 C-132 C-133 C-134 C-135/KC-135 C-136 C-137 C-138¹ C-139¹ C-140 C-141 C-142
Tri-service sequence (1962-present)	C-1 C-2 C-3 C-4 C-5 C-6 C-7/B C-8 C-9 C-10 C-11 C-12 C-13¹ C-14 C-15 C-16¹ C-17 C-18 C-19 C-20A-D/F-H C-21 C-22 C-23 C-24 C-25 C-26 C-27/J C-28 C-29 C-30¹ C-31 C-32 C-33 C-34¹ C-35 C-36 C-37A/B C-38 C-39¹ C-40 C-41 C-42¹ C-43¹ C-44¹ C-45 C-46
Revived original sequence (2005-present)	C-143 C-144 C-145 C-146
Non-sequential designations	C-767 C-880
¹ Not assigned See also: AC-47 • AC-119 • AC-130 • DC-130 • EC-130 • HC-130 • KC-130 • LC-130 • MC-130 • WC-130 • CT-39 • CT-43

USN/USMC transport designations 1931–1962
Atlantic Aircraft	RA
Budd	RB
Curtiss	RC R2C⁴ R3C⁴ R4C R5C
Douglas	RD R2D R3D R4D R5D R6D
Bellanca	RE
Kinner	RK
Kreider-Reisner	RK² R2K
Martin	RM
Lockheed	RO R2O R3O R4O R5O R6O R7O-1/-2 to "V" (see below, at "Lockheed")
Stinson	RQ R2Q² R3Q
Fairchild	RQ R2Q R3Q² R4Q
Ford	RR
Sikorsky	RS
Northrop	RT
Lockheed	from "O" (see above, at "Lockheed") R6V R7V-1/-2 R8V
Convair	RY R2Y R3Y R4Y
¹ Not assigned ² Assigned to a different manufacturer's type ³ Sequence restarted ⁴ Assigned to a different class of aircraft

Douglas and McDonnell Douglas airliners
Piston-engined	M-1 M-2 M-3 M-4 Dolphin DF DC-1 DC-2 DC-3 DC-4E DC-4 DC-5 DC-6 DC-7
Jet-engined	DC-8 DC-9 (MD-80 MD-90 MD-95) DC-10 (MD-11)
Not developed	DC-7 (C-74 Globemaster) DC-7D DC-8 piston airliner Model 2067 (DC-9) Model 2229 (SST) MD-91X / -92X / -94X MD-12 / -XX DC-10-60 High Speed Civil Transport

Canadair aircraft models
Unmanned	CL-89 CL-289 CL-227
Piston-engined	North Star CL-15 CL-28 CL-66 CL-215
Turboprops	CL-44 CL-84 CL-215T CL-415
Jets	CL-13 CL-30 CL-41 CL-52 CL-90 CL-219 CL-226 CF-5 CL-600 CL-601 CL-604 CL-605 CRJ
See also: Bombardier Aerospace Canadian Vickers

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List of Douglas DC-4 variants

Civil variants

Military variants

See also

References

External links