List of British governments

The version of the Royal Coat of Arms used by HM Government.

This is a list of British ministries, in the sense of successive governments, from the creation of the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707, continuing through the duration of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 1801 to 1922, and since then dealing with the governments of the present-day United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

Guide to the list

"Ministry" refers collectively to all the ministers of a government, including cabinet members and junior ministers alike. Only the Civil Service is considered outside of the ministry. While the term was in common parlance in the 19th and early 20th centuries, it has become rarer, except in official and academic uses.[1] Both Australia and Canada have inherited the term and continue to use it. It is perhaps in more common use in those countries, which both have official catalogues of their respective ministries, whereas Britain has no such catalogue.[2][3]

Articles listed by ministry contain information on the term(s) of one prime minister. Articles listed by political party contain information on the ministries of multiple consecutive prime ministers of the same political party. Prior to the 20th century, the leader of the British government traditionally held the title of First Lord of the Treasury, and not that of Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. Therefore, the list below refers to the "Head of Government" and not the "Prime Minister". Even so, the leader of a government was often colloquially referred to as the "prime minister", beginning in the 18th century. Modern-day prime ministers generally still hold the office of First Lord of the Treasury.

Ministries

Date Monarch Head of government Governing party Ministry
1707 Anne The Duke of MarlboroughCoalitionGodolphin–Marlborough ministry
1708
1710 Robert Harley Tory Harley ministry
1710
1713
1714 George I The Viscount TownshendWhig Whig government, 1714–1717
1715
1717 The Earl Stanhope First Stanhope–Sunderland ministry
1718 Second Stanhope–Sunderland ministry
1721 Sir Robert Walpole Walpole–Townshend ministry
1722
1727 George II
1730 Whig government, 1730–1742
1734
1741
1742 The Earl of Wilmington Carteret ministry
1743 Henry Pelham
1744 Broad Bottom ministry[note 1]
1747
1754 The Duke of Newcastle Whig government, 1754–1756
1754
1756 The Duke of Devonshire Pitt–Devonshire ministry
1757 1757 caretaker ministry
1757 The Duke of Newcastle Pitt–Newcastle ministry
1760 George III
1761
1762 The Earl of Bute Tory Bute ministry
1763 George Grenville Whig Grenville ministry
1765 The Marquess of Rockingham First Rockingham ministry
1766 The Earl of Chatham Chatham ministry
1768
1768 The Duke of Grafton Grafton ministry
1770 Lord North North ministry
1774
1780
1782 The Marquess of Rockingham Second Rockingham ministry
1782 The Earl of Shelburne Shelburne ministry
1783 The Duke of Portland Fox–North coalition
1783 William Pitt the Younger Tory Tory government, 1783–1801
1784
1790
1796
1801 Henry Addington Addington ministry
1802
1804 William Pitt the Younger Fifth Pitt the Younger ministry
1806 The Lord Grenville Ministry of All the Talents
1806
1807 The Duke of Portland Tory government, 1807–1809
1807
1809 Spencer Perceval Perceval ministry
1812 The Earl of Liverpool Liverpool ministry
1812
1818
1820 George IV
1826
1827 George Canning Canningite and Whig Canningite government, 1827–1828
1827 The Viscount Goderich
1828 The Duke of Wellington Tory Wellington ministry
1830 William IV
1830 The Earl Grey Whig Whig government, 1830–1834
1831
1832
1834 The Viscount Melbourne
1834 The Duke of Wellington Conservative Wellington caretaker ministry
1834 Sir Robert Peel First Peel ministry
1835 Conservative (minority)
1835 The Viscount Melbourne Whig Whig government, 1835–1841
1837 Victoria
1839
1841 Sir Robert Peel Conservative Second Peel ministry
1846 Lord John Russell Whig Whig government, 1846–1852
1847 Whig (minority)
1852 The Earl of Derby Conservative Who? Who? ministry
1852
1852 The Earl of Aberdeen Coalition Aberdeen ministry
1855 Viscount Palmerston Whig and Peelite Whig government, 1855–1858
1857
1858 The Earl of Derby Conservative Third Derby ministry
1859 Viscount Palmerston Liberal Liberal government, 1859–1866
1865
1865 The Earl Russell
1866 The Earl of Derby Conservative Conservative government, 1866–1868
1868 Benjamin Disraeli
1868 William Ewart Gladstone Liberal First Gladstone ministry
1874 Benjamin Disraeli[note 2] Conservative Second Disraeli ministry
1880 William Ewart Gladstone Liberal Second Gladstone ministry
1885 The Marquess of Salisbury Conservative First Salisbury ministry
1885 Conservative (minority)
1885 William Ewart Gladstone Liberal Third Gladstone ministry
1886
1886 The Marquess of Salisbury Conservative Second Salisbury ministry
1892 William Ewart Gladstone Liberal (minority) Liberal government, 1892–1895
1894 The Earl of Rosebery
1895 The Marquess of Salisbury Conservative and Unionist Unionist government, 1895–1905
1895
1900
1901 Edward VII
1902 Arthur Balfour
1905 Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman Liberal Liberal government, 1905–1915
1906
1908 H. H. Asquith
1910 George V Liberal (minority)
1910
1915 Coalition Fourth Asquith ministry
1916 David Lloyd George Lloyd George ministry
1918
1922 Bonar Law Conservative Conservative government, 1922–1924
1922
1923 Stanley Baldwin
1924 Ramsay MacDonald Labour (minority) First MacDonald ministry
1924 Stanley Baldwin Conservative Second Baldwin ministry
1929 Ramsay MacDonald Labour (minority) Second MacDonald ministry
1931 National National government, August–October 1931
1931 National government, 1931–1935
1935 Stanley Baldwin National government, 1935–1937
1935
1936 Edward VIII
1936 George VI
1937 Neville Chamberlain National government, 1937–1939
1939 Chamberlain war ministry
1940 Winston Churchill Coalition Churchill war ministry
1945 National Churchill caretaker ministry
1945 Clement Attlee Labour Attlee ministry
1950
1951 Sir Winston Churchill Conservative Third Churchill ministry
1952 Elizabeth II
1955 Sir Anthony Eden Eden ministry
1957 Harold Macmillan Conservative government, 1957–1964
1959
1963 Sir Alec Douglas-Home[note 3]
1964 Harold Wilson Labour Labour government, 1964–1970
1966
1970 Edward Heath Conservative Heath ministry
1974 Harold Wilson Labour (minority) Labour government, 1974–1979
1974 Labour
1976 James Callaghan
1977 Labour (minority)
1979 Margaret Thatcher Conservative First Thatcher ministry
1983 Second Thatcher ministry
1987 Third Thatcher ministry
1990 John Major First Major ministry
1992 Second Major ministry
1996 Conservative (minority)
1997 Tony Blair Labour Blair ministry
2001
2005
2007 Gordon Brown Brown ministry
2010 David Cameron Conservative and Liberal Democrat Cameron–Clegg coalition
2015 Conservative Second Cameron ministry
2016 Theresa May First May ministry
2017 Conservative (minority) Second May ministry

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ In 1746 the Earl of Bath formed a short-lived ministry. He was ultimately unsuccessful, and is not gradually included in lists of British prime ministers.
  2. ↑ From 1876 he was Earl of Beaconsfield and Viscount Hughenden.
  3. ↑ For the first five days of his ministry, until he had renounced his peerage, Douglas-Home was known as The Earl of Home.

References

  1. ↑ Wilding, Norman W.; Laundy, Philip. An Encyclopaedia of Parliament. ISBN 9780304936892.
  2. ↑ "Part 6 – Historical information on the Australian Parliament" (PDF). Parliament of Australia. 31 October 2014. Retrieved 6 March 2017.
  3. ↑ "Ministers of the Crown". Parliament of Canada. Retrieved 4 May 2012.
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