List of Armenian scientists and philosophers

This list comprises scientists who are Armenian.

Scientists

Spiru Haret, astronomer and mathematician who proved that planetary motion is not absolutely stable

• Alexander Abian – mathematician
• Sarkis Acopian (1926–2007) – inventor, designed and manufactured the first solar radio
• Hovhannes Abgari Adamian – engineer, inventor of color television
• Sergei Adian – one of the most prominent Soviet mathematicians
• George Adomian – mathematician; developed a new methodology in math, the "Adomian Decomposition Method" (ADM) for solving nonlinear differential equations, both ordinary and partial, which was considered a mathematical revolution
• Tateos Agekian – astrophysicist, one of the pioneers of stellar dynamics
• George Aghajanian – professor of psychiatry; pioneer in the area of neuropharmacology; discovered the mechanisms by which LSD produces hallucinations; uncovered how atypical anti-psychotic drugs work
• Ashot Akhperjanian – physicist, recipient of the Descartes Prize for Research
• Hagop S. Akiskal  – psychiatrist; pioneer in the study of outpatient mood disorders; today's leading conceptual thinker in the area of bipolar subtyping; rose to prominence with his integrative theory of depression^[1]
• Artem Alikhanian – physicist; discovered the first artificial radioactive element which ejects electrons; first to mark the existence of new elementary particles in cosmic rays; with Pyotr Kapitsa, Lev Landau, Igor Kurchatov, Abraham Alikhanov and others, laid the foundations of nuclear physics in Soviet Union
• Sos Alikhanian – microbiologist/microbial geneticist
• Abraham Alikhanov – physicist; in 1949 built the first nuclear reactor in the USSR; one of the principal persons in laying the foundations of nuclear physics in Soviet Union
• Roger Altounyan – asthma researcher, pharmacologist who pioneered the use of cromolyn sodium inhalation therapy for asthma
• Sergey Aleksandrovich Ambartsumian^[2] (Hambardzumyan) – mechanician and engineer, the author of refined theories of elastic and magnetoelectroelastic plates, shells
• Hagop S. Akiskal – psychiatrist best known for his research on temperament and bipolar disorder (manic depression); today's leading conceptual thinker in the area of bipolar subtyping; rose to prominence with his integrative theory of depression^[3]
• Viktor Amazaspovich Ambartsumian (1908–1996) – astronomer and astrophysics pioneer; discovered Stellar Associations; one of the founders of theoretical astrophysics
• Boris Ananyev – outstanding psychologist of the 20th century, founder of anthropological psychology
• Apkar Apkarian – pioneer in magnetic resonance spectroscopy research of the brain
• Stephan Ariyan – reconstructive surgeon, originator of the pectoralis major flap, which has become the most commonly used flap for head and neck reconstruction worldwide^[4][5][6]
• Emil Artin – Austrian-American mathematician of Armenian descent
• Andreas Artsruni – pioneer in geochemistry
• Margar Arustamov (1854–1904) (1909–1999)  – epidemiologist; doctor of medicine (1889); graduate of Saint Petersburg Medical Academy; participant in the Russian-Turkish war; was actively involved in cholera elimination in Astrakhan in the late 19th century; author of numerous research works; is buried in Shoushi
• Nagush Arutyunyan – research in mechanics, pioneer of theory of creep, founder of mechanics of accumulating deforming bodies
• Gurgen Askaryan – physicist, inventor of light self focusing
• Iosif Atabekov – virologist, founder of the molecular biology of plant's viruses (USSR)
• Ruben Avanesov (1902–1990) – linguist, corresponding member of USSR Academy of Sciences; a chairman of the Academic Council of Language History and Dialect Studies of USSR Science Academy; author of Modern Russian Grammar and works on Russian dialects; recipient of the USSR State Award, the Order of the Badge of Honor
• Baatur Baatrian (1872–1934) – mathematician; graduate of Geneva University and Ghent University; taught mathematics in Echmiadzin Seminary and Yerevan State University; authored a number of research works
• Boris Babaian – father of Soviet supercomputer
• Viken Babikian – cardiovascular researcher
• Khristofor Stepanovich Bagdasaryan – author of pioneering studies on radical polymerization, the foundation of a new field of photochemistry, two-quantum photochemistry of organic compounds
• James P. Bagian – NASA astronaut
• Gevorg Bakunts (1913–1987) – electromechanics professional, PhD, inventor emeritus; director of Armenian Energy Department and Armenian Nuclear Energy Supervision Department; researched automation of energy systems
• John P. Bilezikian – one of the world's leading authorities on bone and bone disorders from Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons at New York Presbyterian Hospital
• Arthur H. Bulbulian – pioneer in the field of facial prosthetics
• Levon Chailakhyan – physiologist and cloning pioneer; [roduced world's first successfully cloned mammal, rge mouse "Masha", 10 years before the famous "Dolly"
• Mikhail Chailakhyan – founder of hormonal theory of plant development
• Karapet Chobanyan – mechanical engineer, discovered the phenomenon of Low-Stress in mechanics. Made the first discovery in Armenia and Transcaucasus which was registered in the Soviet Union's discovery registry under the number 102
• Giacomo Luigi Ciamician (August 27, 1857–January 2, 1922) – Italian photochemist of Armenian descent; "father of photochemistry and solar energy"
• Harry Daghlian – physicist who worked and died at the Manhattan Project Los Alamos laboratory
• Raymond Vahan Damadian – inventor of the Magnetic Resonance (MRI) scanning machine; produced the first MRI scan of the human body
• Edgar Danielyan – computer security expert and author
• Mkhitar Djrbashian – mathematician, author of significant contributions to analysis
• Richard Donchian – known as the father of trend following; a pioneer in the field of managed futures; considered to be the creator of the managed futures industry and is credited with developing a systematic approach to futures money management; developed the trend timing method of futures investing and introduced the mutual fund concept to the field of money management
• Nikolai Enikolopov – one of the most outstanding chemists of the former USSR, one of the founders of Russian polymer science
• Hovnan Gabrielian (1876–1946) – pediatrician, scientist emeritus, professor (1930); graduate of Moscow Medical Academy; founder of pediatrics departments at Yerevan and Baku medical institutes; authored valuable researches on prevention of a number of children diseases
• Gregory M. Garibian (1924–1991) – Soviet Armenian physicist known for developing the Theory of Transition Radiation and showing the feasibility of functional transition radiation detectors (TRDs)
• Nina G. Garsoïan – American Byzantine scholar
• Samvel Samvelovich Grigoryan – founder of the modern theory of dynamics of mining minerals and soils
• Grigor Gurzadyan – outstanding astronomer; pioneer of space astronomy; pioneered the construction and use of small space telescopes, 20 years before the Hubble telescope
• Ruben Hambardzumian (1911–1971) – metallurgist, physical chemist, corresponding member of USSR SA (1966); was employed by the All-Union Institute of Aviation Materials; three times received the USSR State Award
• Spiru Haret (1851–1912) – Romanian astronomer, mathematician and politician
• Mkhitar Heratsi (12th century) – medieval priest and physician; wrote an encyclopedia on medicine; theorized that fever results from internal changes in the body, a revolutionary idea for medieval medicine; his work included psychotherapy, surgery, diet and herbs to cure diseases
• Paris Herouni (born 1933) – radio physicist, astronomer; built world's most sophisticated radio telescope; has published over 340 scientific works
• Hakob Hovhannisian (1875–1941) – chemist, professor (1925), scientist emeritus (1935); graduate of Berlin University; lectured at Shoushi; in 1922-1930 he headed YSU; 1930-1936 was the director of Medical Institute; authored a number of researches
• Vache Isaguliants (1893–1973) – chemist, member of Establishing Council of Armenia Science Academy (1943); taught at Yerevan and Moscow universities; author of many researches and inventions, also on creation of aromatic synthetic materials
• Garik Israelian – astrophysicist; in 1999 provided the first evidence that stellar mass black holes are produced from supernova explosions; founder of Starmus Festivals; awarded Gold Medal by the Government of Canary Islands
• Gurgen Kamalian (1909–1973) – biochemist, founder of agricultural biochemistry in Armenia, PhD, professor; in 1955-1972, headed the Yerevan Zoology and Veterinary Institute
• Varaztad Kazanjian – pioneer plastic surgeon
• Alexander Kemurdzhian – designed the first rovers to explore another world; pioneering scientist in the space flight program of the Soviet Union
• Edward Keonjian (1909–1999) – distinguished professor in residence at the University of Arizona; with eight other engineers from GE, published Principles of Transistor Circuits in 1953, the first book on transistors, which became an instant best seller among engineers; early leader in the field of low-power electronics; in 1954 designed the world's first solar-powered, pocket-sized radio transmitter; had more than 100 publications and 27 US and foreign patents
• Zaven Khachaturyan – world's foremost researcher on Alzheimer's, father of neurobiology of aging research in the US
• Carl Khachikyan – space scientist; headed launch of US Atlas space rocket in 1958
• Leonid Khachiyan – mathematician
• Edward Khantzian – early pioneer in the psychological understanding of addictions; co-originator of the self-medication hypothesis
• Semyon Kirlian – pioneer of photography
• Ivan Knuniants (1906–1990) – major chemist, a member of the USSR SA (1953), Major General, four times awarded the USSR State Award; authored 200 research works; in chemical science he introduced historical changes and significantly contributed to the advancement of Soviet chemistry
• Caro Lucas  – computer engineer, leader in computer science in Iran
• Ignacy Łukasiewicz – (1822–1882) Polish pharmacist of Armenian descent, devised the first method of distilling kerosene from seep oil; one of the world's pioneers of the oil industry
• Soukias Manasserian – engineer and inventor
• Karen Manvelyan – biologist and environmentalist, director of the World Wildlife Fund in Armenia
• B. E. Markarian – astrophysicist
• Hovhannes Melik-Pashaev (1889–1935) – energy engineer; designed the first Soviet hydropower plants (Zemo-Avchali, Rion, Yerevan, Leninakan, Stepanakert), as well as the Chirchik hydrocomplex in Uzbekistan
• Zaven Melik-Tangiev (1905–1966) – technology engineer; Chief Engineer of the Azerbaijani Institute of Oil Research; first to design and construct a settlement-plant of oil production in the open sea (Neftyanye Kamni); one of the ships of the Russian Caspian Flotilla bore his name
• Sergey Mergelyan – mathematician; author of major contributions in approximation theory
• Artem Mikoyan – designer of MiG aircraft; his fighters established 55 world records; the Mikoyan MiG-19 was the first supersonic Soviet jet fighter
• Serge Mikoyan – nephew of Artem Mikoyan; head design engineer at Mikoyan Design Bureau; developed MiG-29 and MiG-31
• Dmitry Mirimanoff  – mathematician
• Haik Mirzabekian (1893–1971) – pioneer in public health and epidemiology in Armenia; practiced hygiene and preventive medicine at the Yerevan Medical Institute; in 1942-1945 he headed the military hospital in Yerevan
• Hayk Mirzayans – Iranian-Armenian entomologist; founder of the Hayk Mirzayans Insect Museum
• John Najarian – surgeon, organ transplantation pioneer
• Aram Nalbandyan (1908–1987)  – Soviet Armenian physicist, prominent in the field of physical chemistry, founder of the Institute of Chemical Physics in Yerevan, Armenia
• Mehran Naljayan  – biomedical engineer
• Robert Nalbandyan – chemist; co-discoverer of photosynthetic protein plantacyanin; pioneer in the field of free radicals; leader in sickle cell research and testing methods
• Yuri Oganesyan – major scientist; has made an outstanding contribution to the development of nuclear physics
• Charlie Papazian – nuclear engineer
• Bogdan Pirumov (1888–1959) – engineer, inventor, graduate of Saint Petersburg Civil Engineering Institute; managed the construction of the Yerevan-Agstafa railway; made major contributions to the construction of railways, bridges, tunnels in Transcaucasia
• Christophor Pirumov (1895–1985) – parasitologist; founder of sanitary and epidemiology service of Armenia, PhD, professor; graduate of Kiev University; headed the Yerevan Tropical Institute; a chair at Medical Institute; Chief Parasitologist of the Ministry of Health of Armenia
• Mikhail Pogosyan – Director General of Sukhoi Aircraft Corporation
• Dork Sahagian – climate scientist, contributed to three of four assessment reports by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (the work of the IPCC, including the contributions of many scientists, was recognised by the joint award of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize)
• Vladimir Sargsyan (1935–2013) – mathematician, mechanician, founder of physical and geometrical small parameter method
• Simeon Sarkisov (1895–1971) – neurophysiologist, neuromorphologist, member of the USSR Medical Science Academy; in 1928-1968 he was the director of the Moscow Brain Research Institute; member of several academies
• Hrayr Shahinian – Director of the Skull Base Institute
• Luther George Simjian – inventor of 200 inventions including the autofocus camera, ATMs, flight simulator, postage meter, teleprompter, medical ultrasound, golf simulator, meat ienderizer, and color X-ray machine
• Aleksei Sisakian – prominent ultimate particle and mathematical physics specialist; director of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubnay United Nuclear Research Inst.); his father, Norayr Sisakian, established Cosmic Biology^[7]
• Dr. Zareh Soghomonian  – American Armenian scientist; world recognized expert in electrical electronics and systems engineering, specializing in electromagnetics, electrical machinery, power electronics and power systems engineering. He was the recipient of more than 17 awards including the Century Award and Gold Medal, awarded by Barons of Who's Who in The World, as part of the global 500 leaders of the last century in science and engineering. See the ref. ^[8]
• Armen Takhtajian (1910–2009) – botanist, member of USSR SA; worked for Yerevan and Leningrad Universities; headed several departments of Botany Institute of Armenian SA; presided over international associations; member in a number of foreign academies; author of numerous publications, including a two-volume Supreme Plants book
• Guy Terjanian – French-Armenian mathematician, has worked on algebraic number theory
• Ashot Ter-Mkrtchian (1891–1953) – mathematician, mechanical engineer, professor (1930), scientist emeritus (1940); graduate of Kharkov University and Don Polytechnic Institute; lectures at YSU, Polytechnic and Pedagogical Institute
• Ghazar Ter-Ghazarian (1874–1958) – chemist, PhD (1906), professor (1935г.); father of academician E. Ghazarian; graduate of Geneva University and headed a physical chemistry laboratory there; founder of non-organic chemistry at Yerevan State University (1934), dean of Chemistry
• Hovsep Ter-Astvatsatrian (1886–1938) – hydroenergy engineer, graduate of Saint Petersburg Civil Engineering Institute; headed DzoraHPP and KanakerHPP, designed the Sevan–Hrazdan Cascade, founded the Hydroproject institute
• Karen Ter-Martiroosyan – outstanding physicist;^[9] obtained important results in nuclear science, from quantum mechanics to modern Grand Unified theories
• Christian Tutundjian de Vartavan (born 1965) – Egyptologist, archaeobotanist and philosopher
• S.R. Vartoukian  – microbiologist and leading researcher in unculturable bacteria
• Isai Varuntsian (1898-) – botanist-selectionist member of the USSR Academy of Agriculture; launched the Azerbaijani Cotton Cultivation Institute; head of department in the USSR Ministry of Agriculture; academic secretary of the USSR Academy of Agriculture; recipient of the USSR State Award
• Eduard Yegiazaryan – engineer, one of the founders of microsensorics
• Mkrtich Yuzbashian (1882–1961) – electro-mechanic engineer, a graduate of Darmstadt Polytechnic Institute (Germany); director of Electrotechnic Plant in Tiflis; in 1930 he managed the introduction of the first tram lines in Yerevan and the foundation of the tram administration; author of the first electrotechnics textbook to be published in the Armenian language
• Simon Yuzbashian (1886–1960) – biologist and theorist of evolution, professor (1929г.); graduate of Freiburg University (Germany); taught at the university of Tiflis; first holder of the chair of genetics at the Yerevan Institute of Zoology and Veterinary; director of the Biology Institute of Armenian SA
• Lazar Ye. Sargsyan Material Science

References