Lapel pin

Wikimedia project lapel pins

A lapel pin is a small pin worn on clothing, often worn on the lapel of a jacket. Lapel pins can be ornamental or can indicate wearer's affiliation with an organization or cause. Before the popularity of wearing lapel pins, boutonnières were worn.

A Wikipedia lapel pin

Lapel pins are frequently used as symbols of achievement and belonging in different organizations. Lapel pins from the organization are often collected by members and non-members alike.

Businesses also use lapel pins to designate achievement and membership. Lapel pins are a common element of employee recognition programs, and they are presented to individuals as a symbol of an accomplishment.[1] Like fraternity and sorority pins, these lapel pins instill a sense of belonging to an elite group of performers at the organization. Businesses also award lapel pins to employees more frequently to boost employee morale, productivity, and employee engagement.[2]

The Soviet Union had great production of these. Besides pins showing political figures and as souvenirs for tourist spots, there were pins for various sports, cultural, and political gatherings and for technical achievements of the Soviet Union. The pins had countercultural meanings as well; for example, the pin featuring the robot spacecraft Kosmos 186 (which approached and docked with Kosmos 188) had a sexual connotation.

In recent years, pin collecting and trading has also become a popular hobby. Demand for pin designs based on popular cartoon characters and themes such as Disney, Betty Boop, and Hard Rock Cafe has surged and led to the creation of pin trading events and other social activities. Disney pin trading is a prime example of this.[3]

Cultural significance

A Star Trek lapel pin
A NASA astronaut lapel pin

In the USSR and the People's Republic of China, the prominent lapel pins with portraits of Lenin and Mao Zedong, respectively, were worn by youth as well as by Communist party members or people who felt like showing their official political credo. In Czechoslovakia, the Mao badges/pins were worn in the late 1960s and early 1970s by non-conformist youth as a prank and a way to provoke the "normalisationist" reactionaries of the purged post-1968 Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.

In the 1970s, initiates of Guru Maharaj Ji extensively used buttons, sometimes quite large, with images of the guru's face on them.[4][5]

Senior politicians in the UK's government, wore official Games pins for the London 2012 Summer Olympics.[6]

Design

Pin design starts off very similar to animation. Everything is literally hand drawn with a blue line. It is done either digitally or on paper with a light-box to plan out all of the elements and artwork that make up the design. Once the design is approved, it is inked, colored, and placed on a mechanical sheet, which is like a blueprint for the pin, with appropriate measurements and call-outs for manufacturing the parts.[7]

Process

Step 1: Stamping Molding

Molds the metal surface to form the design.

Step 2: Outline Cutting

Step 3: Attachment

Solder attachment onto the back of each piece.

Step 4: Plating

Plating now can be processed. The quality of plating varies with the length of time the metal is soaked in the plating liquid.

Step 5: Polishing

The metal surface is then polished until it is smooth and shiny. This applies to copper material only. Iron can be polished if required, but this will incur a surcharge.

Step 6: Coloring

Step 7: Cleaning

Excess color and impurities are then wiped off the metal surfaces.

Step 8: Baking

The metal piece is baked at approximately 450F for 12 to 15 minutes.

Step 9: Epoxy Coating

Clear epoxy is then applied to the surface to protect the enamel from color fading and cracking. (Epoxy coating is optional and provided according to customer’s requirements)

For budget considerations, iron material can be used instead of copper, but without polishing.

Modern manufacturing process

A lapel pin vendor in Paris

Almost all manufacturing is currently done in China, specifically in and around Kunshan, a satellite city in the greater Suzhou region that is administratively at the county-level in southeast Jiangsu, China, just outside Shanghai. Inexpensive labor in China has made non-Chinese production of lapel pins non-existent.

In the die struck manufacturing process, there are five basic types of pins: cloisonné, soft enamel, photo etched, screen printed and 4-color printed.[8] In all processes, the outer shape of the pin is stamped out from a sheet of steel, aluminum, copper, brass, or iron. In the case of cloisonne and soft enamel, the shape and the design are stamped out.

Cloisonné
Sometimes called epola or hard enamel, cloisonné is stamped out from a sheet of copper. The stamping leaves recessed areas, or pools, which are filled with enamel powder and high fired at 800 – 900 degrees.[9] After cooling, the surface of the pin is ground down to a smooth finish and then the copper is plated.

Soft enamel
This process is like epola and cloisonné in that strips of metal separate areas of color. Unlike cloisonné, the areas of color rest below the metal strip surface, which can be felt when you run your finger over the surface. Like the photo etched process, the top can be covered with protective epoxy[10] so that the piece appears smooth.

Photo etched
In the photo etch process, only the shape of the piece is stamped out. The design on the face of the pin, is chemically etched into the base metal, then color-filled by hand and baked before being polished. In the final step, a thin coat of clear epoxy can be applied to the surface.[11]

Photo Dome
This process begins by printing the art or design on vinyl or paper and then applying it to a metal pin base. The vinyl is then coated with an epoxy dome that protects the art from wear and the elements. This process is gaining in popularity because of advances in printing resolutions and the ability to complete these pins quickly in the United States.[12]

Screen printed
Screen printing, a.k.a. silk screening is produced by applying each color to the metal base using a "silk screen" process. These are blocks of solid color.[13] A very thin epoxy coat protects the color material from scratching.

4-Color process
4-colors process, a.k.a. offset printing, allows for bleeds and blends of colors, as is used in magazines. The colors are printed in the traditional CMYK process. This style is can be used for complex art and photo reproduction. An unlimited amount of colors can be used.[14]

Pin embellishments

Backside of the pin

The backside of a lapel pin can be just as important to as the front, not only because it holds the pin in place, but also because it may make the pin more unusual. Attachment pieces come in a variety of styles.[15]

Additional markings

UCLA lapel pins on a baseball cap

See also

References

  1. ↑ "The Lapel Pin: The Real Story". June 2012.
  2. ↑ "Esurance Uses Lapel Pin Recognition to Boost Associate Morale"
  3. ↑ Pin collecting hobby
  4. ↑ Elman, Richard. "Godhead Hi-Jinx", Creem, March 1974
  5. ↑ Levine, Richard (March 14, 1974). "When The Lord of All The Universe Played Houston: Many are called but few show up", Rolling Stone Magazine, pp. 36–50. Also in Dahl, Shawn; Kahn, Ashley; George-Warren, Holly (1998). Rolling stone: the seventies. Boston: Little, Brown and Co, 102–105. ISBN 0-316-75914-7.
  6. ↑ Usborne, Simon (2012-07-18). "Pin doctors: The art of 'lapel politics'". London: The Independent. Retrieved 2013-02-27.
  7. ↑ Pin USA process
  8. ↑ "Custom Lapel Pins Style". The Pin People. Retrieved 2012-12-02.
  9. ↑ "Custom Products". Condor Creations. February 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-23.
  10. ↑ "Materials". Delta Spark. January 2008. Archived from the original on 2010-01-17. Retrieved 2009-02-23.
  11. ↑ "Photo Etched Lapel pins". All About Pins. August 2008. Retrieved 2009-02-23.
  12. ↑ "Rush Pins". Pins Fast. Retrieved 2012-03-17.
  13. ↑ "Silk Screen Printed Lapel pins". Lapel Pin Express. 2008-08-01. Archived from the original on 2009-01-25. Retrieved 2009-02-23.
  14. ↑ "Printed Lapel Pins". Kunshan Huain Lapel Pins. 2009-01-05. Retrieved 2009-02-23.
  15. ↑ Pins Clasps http://pins.com/support-m/pin-clasps
  16. ↑ How lapel pins are made
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