Lamentations 2
| Lamentations 2 | |
|---|---|
|
Lamentations 1:1 - 1:11 on the first page of Book of Lamentations in Codex Sinaiticus (AD 330-350). | |
| Book | Book of Lamentations |
| Bible part | Old Testament |
| Order in the Bible part | 25 |
| Category | Ketuvim |
Lamentations 2 is the second chapter of the Book of Lamentations in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.[1][2] This book contains the elegies of prophet Jeremiah as he lamenteth the misery of Jerusalem, and its causes, and their enemies’ derision, Lamentations 2:1-17; in exhortation to true sorrow and repentance; a fervent prayer, Lamentations 2:18-22.[3] It is a part of the Ketuvim ("Writings").[4][5]
Text
- The original text is written in Hebrew language.
- This chapter is divided into 22 verses.
- The chapter is acrostic, divided into twenty-two stanzas or verses. The stanzas consist of triplets of lines (excepting Lamentations 2:19, which contain four lines) each beginning with the letters of the Hebrew alphabet in regular order (twenty-two in number).[3]
- In verses 16-17, two letters are transposed. This is found is three instances in the whole book (Lamentations 2:16, 17; 3:46-51; 4:16, 17). Grotius thinks the reason for the inversion of two of the Hebrew letters, is that the Chaldeans, like the Arabians, used a different order from the Hebrews; in the first Elegy (chapter), Jeremiah speaks as a Hebrew, in the following ones, as one subject to the Chaldeans. However, this is doubtful.[3]
Textual versions
Some most ancient manuscripts containing this chapter in Hebrew language:
- Masoretic Text (10th century)
- Dead Sea Scrolls: (2nd century BC)[6][7]
- 4Q111 (4QLam): extant: verse 5[6]
Ancient translations in Koine Greek:
- Septuagint (3rd century BC)
- Theodotion version (~AD 180)
Structure
NKJV groups this chapter into:
- Lamentations 2:1-22 = God’s Anger with Jerusalem
Verse 1
- How hath the Lord covered the daughter of Zion with a cloud in his anger,
- and cast down from heaven unto the earth the beauty of Israel,
- and remembered not his footstool in the day of his anger![8]
- "How" (Hebrew, Eichah): the title of the collection repeated here, and in Lamentations 4:1.[3]
- "How hath the Lord covered": Or, "How" doth "אדני 'ădonāy cover."[9]
- "The daughter of Zion": i.e. Jerusalem.[10]
- "Cast down from heaven": Here and in Matthew 11:23 we have a parallel to Isaiah 14:12, where the King of Babylon is compared to a bright star. "Cast down" whither? Into the "pit" or dungeon of Hades (Isaiah 14:15).[10]
- "The beauty of Israel": i.e. Jerusalem, exactly as Babylon is called "the proud beauty [or, 'ornament'] of Chaldea" (Isaiah 13:19).[10]
- "His footstool": meaning either the house of the sanctuary, the temple itself, as containing the ark (1 Chronicles 28:2; Psalm 99:5),[10] as the Targum and Jarchi; or rather the ark (Psalm 132:7) with the mercy seat, on which the Shechinah or divine Majesty set his feet, when sitting between the cherubim; and is so called, 1 Chronicles 28:2.[11]
See also
- Related Bible parts: Psalm 99, Psalm 132, Isaiah 14, Matthew 11
Notes and references
- ↑ Collins 2014.
- ↑ Hayes 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 Robert Jamieson, Andrew Robert Fausset; David Brown. Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary On the Whole Bible. 1871.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain. - ↑ Metzger, Bruce M., et al. The Oxford Companion to the Bible. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
- ↑ Keck, Leander E. 2001. The New Interpreter's Bible: Volume: VI. Nashville: Abingdon.
- 1 2 Dead sea scrolls - Lamentations
- ↑ Timothy A. J. Jull; Douglas J. Donahue; Magen Broshi; Emanuel Tov (1995). "Radiocarbon Dating of Scrolls and Linen Fragments from the Judean Desert". Radiocarbon. 38 (1): 14. Retrieved 26 November 2014.
- ↑ Lamentations 2:1
- ↑ Barnes, Albert. Notes on the Old Testament. London, Blackie & Son, 1884. Reprint, Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 1998. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- 1 2 3 4 Joseph S. Exell; Henry Donald Maurice Spence-Jones (Editors). The Pulpit Commentary. 23 volumes. First publication: 1890. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ↑ John Gill. John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible. Exposition of the Old and New Testament. Published in 1746-1763. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Bibliography
- Collins, John J. (2014). Introduction to the Hebrew Scriptures. Fortress Press.
- Hayes, Christine (2015). Introduction to the Bible. Yale University Press.
External links
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Christian
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