Laks (Iran)

The Laks are an Iranian group in southwestern Iran. They speak Laki (or Leki), an independent ^[1][2] Iranian language or a dialect of Lurish^{[3][4][5][6][7][8][9]} or Kurdish^{[10][11][12][13][14]} languages.

Geography

The Laks inhabit a huge part of northern Luristan province (Laks of Pishekuh), and most of south eastern region of neighboring province of Kermanshah, and some of western Ilam province (Poshte-Kuhi Laks). The area to the east of Mount Kabir is known as Pishe-Kuh and west of the mountain is Poshte-Kuh.

Origins

There has been much debate over the ethnic identity of the Laks throughout the twentieth century.

Vladimir Minorsky, who wrote the entry "Lak" in the first edition of the Encyclopaedia of Islam, referred to the Lak as "the most southern group of Kurd tribes in Persia" and stated that their language has the characteristics of Kurdish.^[14] Some of the Lak tribes live in Lorestān Province, among Lur tribes, although Minorsky quotes some evidence that they were brought there from further north.The Safavid era historian, Mirza Muhammad Husein Mostowfi (1749 A.D), classified Laki alongside Feyli, Bakhtiari and Mamasani as four subgroup of Lurish people.^[15] Rahimi Osmanvandi in his book (Indigenous people of Mehregan Valley), emphasises on Lurish identity of Lak tribes. Amanullahi Baharvand also considered Laki as a main component of Lurish community and emphasised their Lurish ethnicity.^[16][17]

History

The Zand dynasty who ruled parts of southwestern Iran was of Laki origin.^[18]

Laki Tribes

• Jalilvand
• Osmanvand
• Pauravand
• Kakavand
• Kolivand
• Yousefvand
• Gorgavand
• Shahyvand
• Rizavand
• Jalalvand
• Mafivand
• Balavand
• Biranvand
• Zohravand
• Eslavand
• Hassanvand
• Khajevand
• Itivand
• Noraali

Notes