VAZ-2101

VAZ-2101
Overview
Manufacturer AvtoVAZ
Also called
  • Lada 1200/1200S
  • Lada 1300
  • VAZ-2102
Production 1970–1988
Assembly Tolyatti, Soviet Union
Body and chassis
Class Compact car
Body style
Layout Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive
Related
Powertrain
Engine
  • 1.2L VAZ-2101 I4 (gasoline)
  • 1.3L VAZ-21011 I4 (gasoline)
  • 1.5L VAZ-2103 I4 (gasoline)
Transmission 4-speed Manual
3-speed Automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase 2,424 mm (95.4 in)
Length
  • 4,075 mm (160.4 in) (sedan)
  • 4,060 mm (160 in) (estate)
Width 1,610 mm (63 in)
Height 1,382 mm (54.4 in)
Curb weight 955 kg (2,105 lb)
Chronology
Successor

The VAZ-2101, commonly nicknamed "Zhiguli" and "Kopeyka" (for the smallest coin in the kopeyka), is a compact sedan car (small class, passenger car, model 1 in Soviet classification) produced by the Soviet manufacturer AvtoVAZ and introduced in 1970, the company's first product. The estate version was known as the VAZ-2102.

Development

The lightweight Italian Fiat 124, which had won the 1967 European Car of the Year,[1] was adapted in order to survive treacherous Russian driving conditions. Among many changes, aluminium brake drums were added to the rear, and the original Fiat engine was dropped in favour of a newer design made by NAMI. This new engine had a modern overhead camshaft design but was never used in Fiat cars. The suspension was raised to clear rough Russian roads and the bodyshell was made from thicker, heavier steel. The first Lada models were equipped with a starting handle in case the battery went flat in Siberian conditions, though this was later dropped. Another feature specifically intended to help out in cold conditions was a manual auxiliary fuel pump.

Engines fitted to the original Ladas start with the 1.2 L carburetted in the original and go up to the 1.7 L export model set up with a General Motors single point fuel injection system. Diesel engines were later fitted for the domestic market only. The drivetrain is a simple rear-wheel drive setup with a live rear axle. The engine is an inline four with two valves per cylinder and a single overhead camshaft.

History

The 2101 is a re-engineered version of the Fiat 124 produced under licence from Fiat and tailored for the nations of the Eastern Bloc, but was widely exported to the West as an economy car. Although the facelifted and modernised VAZ-2105, 2104 & 2107 versions largely replaced it in the West in the early 1980s, it was still produced for the domestic market as late as 1988. Known as the Zhiguli (for the hills found near the plant[2]) within the Soviet Union, the main differences between the VAZ-2101 and the Fiat 124 are the use of thicker gauge steel for the bodyshell, drum brakes on the rear wheels in place of disc brakes, and a bespoke engine. Early versions of the car featured a starting handle for cranking the engine manually should the battery go flat in Siberian winter conditions, and an auxiliary fuel pump.

AvtoVAZ were forbidden from selling the car in competing markets alongside Fiat 124; however, exports to Western Europe began in 1974 when the 124 was discontinued in favour of Fiat's newer 131 Mirafiori. The 2101 was sold in export markets as the Lada 1200, Lada 1300 and Lada 1200S until 1989; it was sold in the United Kingdom from May 1974, until the arrival of the Riva in 1983. It was the first Lada to be sold in the United Kingdom.[3]

The first year, 22,000 were produced, and capacity reached 660,000 by 1973.[2] Sales reached one million on 21 December 1973, and one and a half million in 1974.[2] In May 1974, it went on sale in Britain, priced at ₤979.[4]

The 2101 was built, virtually unaltered, from 1970 until 1982.[5]

Models

VAZ-2101

Lada 1200 in Hunedoara, Romania

VAZ-2102

The estate version of the VAZ-2101 was known as the 2102 and was available from 1971. It was replaced by the 2104 (Lada Riva in some markets) in 1985. Over 660,000 were built by end of production in 1986.[17] In May 1974, it went on sale in Britain, priced at ₤979.[4]

VAZ-2103

The 2103 (known in export markets as the Lada 1500) was very similar to the 2101, and had many common features with the Fiat 124 Special that was developed at the same time as the 2103. It can be identified by four headlights, a squarer appearance to the front grille, and a different interior. Some markets also received the VAZ-2106, or Lada 1600.

References

  1. ↑ "Previous winners". caroftheyear.org. Archived from the original on 8 August 2010. Retrieved 18 September 2010.
  2. 1 2 3 Thompson, Andy. Cars of the Soviet Union (Haynes Publishing, Somerset, UK, 2008), p.106.
  3. ↑ Peter Rogers. "Lada Owners Club of GB UK Lada history". Lada-owners-club.co.uk. Retrieved 2010-10-15.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Thompson, p.116.
  5. ↑ Thompson, p.104 caption.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Thompson, p.109.
  7. ↑ Braunschweig, Robert; et al., eds. (11 March 1976). "Automobil Revue '76" (in German and French). 71. Berne, Switzerland: Hallwag AG: 443–444. ISBN 3-444-60023-2.
  8. ↑ Thompson, p.16.
  9. ↑ Thompson, pp.109-110.
  10. 1 2 3 Thompson, p.110.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 Thompson, p.111.
  12. ↑ Thompson, p.115.
  13. ↑ Thompson, pp. 115, 235-236.
  14. 1 2 Thompson, p.235.
  15. ↑ Thompson, p.236.
  16. ↑ Thompson, pp.115 and 236.
  17. ↑ Thompson, p.115 caption.
Lada, a brand of AvtoVAZ, car timeline, 1970–present
Type 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s
0123456789 0123456789 0123456789 0123456789 01234567
City car Oka
Supermini Kalina Kalina
Granta
Compact car 1200/1300
1500
1600
Riva/Nova Largus
Samara/Sputnik Samara
110 / 111 / 112
Priora Vesta
Minivan Nadezhda
Off-road Niva / 4x4 Taiga
Crossover XRAY
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