LL37

CAMP
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 4EYC, 2FBS, 2FBU, 2FCG, 2K6O, 2LMF
Identifiers
Aliases	CAMP, CAP-18, CAP18, CRAMP, FALL-39, FALL39, HSD26, LL37, cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide
External IDs	OMIM: 600474 MGI: 108443 HomoloGene: 110678 GeneCards: CAMP
Gene ontology Molecular function • protein binding Cellular component • extracellular region • specific granule • intracellular • extracellular exosome • extracellular space • specific granule lumen • tertiary granule lumen Biological process • positive regulation of interleukin-8 secretion • antibacterial humoral response • defense response • response to yeast • negative regulation of growth of symbiont on or near host surface • innate immune response in mucosa • innate immune response • killing by host of symbiont cells • chronic inflammatory response • defense response to Gram-negative bacterium • antifungal humoral response • defense response to Gram-positive bacterium • defense response to bacterium • antimicrobial humoral response • neutrophil degranulation • antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide • modification of morphology or physiology of other organism • cytolysis by host of symbiont cells Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	820	12796
Ensembl	ENSG00000164047	ENSMUSG00000038357
UniProt	P49913	P51437
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_004345	NM_009921
RefSeq (protein)	NP_004336	NP_034051
Location (UCSC)	Chr 3: 48.22 – 48.23 Mb	Chr 9: 109.85 – 109.85 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

LL-37 (or CAP-18 for cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, 18 kDa) is a gene encoding for the only member of the human cathelicidin family. Cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptides are a family of polypeptides found in lysosomes of macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), and keratinocytes.^[3] Cathelicidins serve a critical role in mammalian innate immune defense against invasive bacterial infection.^[4]

Clinical significance

Patients with rosacea have elevated levels of cathelicidin. Cathelicidin is cleaved into the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 by both kallikrein 5 and kallikrein 7 serine proteases. Excessive production of LL-37 is suspected to be a contributing cause in all subtypes of Rosacea.^[5]

Higher plasma levels of LL-37, which are up-regulated by vitamin D, appear to significantly reduce the risk of death from infection in dialysis patients. Patients with a high level of LL-37 were 3.7 times more likely to survive kidney dialysis for a year without a fatal infection.^[6] Vitamin D up-regulates genetic expression of cathelicidin, which exhibits broad-spectrum microbicidal activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses.^[7][8]

See also

• Antimicrobial peptides

References