Krivak-class frigate

Class overview
A Burevestnik-class frigate in Sevastopol Bay, 2009.
Name:	Krivak class (Project 1135)
Builders:	Yantar yard Zaliv plant, Kerch
Operators:	Russian Navy FSB Coast Guard Indian Navy Ukrainian Navy
Preceded by:	Riga class
Subclasses:	Talwar class Admiral Grigorovich class
Completed:	40 (32 project 1135, 1135M and 11352/11353 plus 8 project 11351)
Cancelled:	1 (project 11351)
Active:	5 active in Russia, 1 active in Ukraine (only project 1135, 1135M and 11351)
General characteristics
Type:	Frigate
Displacement:	3,300 tons standard, 3,575 tons full load
Length:	405.3 ft (123.5 m)
Beam:	46.3 ft (14.1 m)
Draught:	15.1 ft (4.6 m)
Propulsion:	2 shaft; COGAG 2 x M-8k gas-turbines, 40,000 shp (30,000 kW) 2 x M-62 gas-turbines (cruise), 14,950 shp (11,150 kW)
Speed:	32 knots (59 km/h)
Range:	4,995 nmi (9,251 km) at 14 knots (26 km/h)
Complement:	200
Sensors and processing systems:	Radar: 1 MR-755 Fregat-M/Half Plate air/surf search Sonar: Zvezda-2 suite with MGK-345 Bronza/Ox Yoke bow mounted LF, Ox Tail LF VDS Fire control: Purga ASW combat system, 2 Drakon/Eye Bowl SSM targeting, 2 MPZ-301 Baza/Pop Group
Electronic warfare & decoys:	Start suite with Bell Shroud intercept, Bell Squat jammer, 4 PK-16 decoy RL, 8 PK-10 decoy RL, 2 towed decoys
Armament:	1 × 4 URK-5 (SS-N-14 'Silex') SSM/ASW missiles 2 × Osa-MA SAM systems SA-N-4'Gecko' SAM (40 missiles) 4 × 76 mm guns (2×2) (Burevestnik M had 2 × 1 100 mm guns) 2 × RBU-6000 anti-submarine rockets 2 × 4 533 mm torpedo tubes
Aircraft carried:	Ka-27 on Krivak III only

The Project 1135 Burevestnik (Storm Petrel) class were a series of frigates built for the Soviet Navy. These ships are commonly known by their NATO reporting class name of Krivak and are divided into Krivak I, Krivak II (both navy), and Krivak III (coast guard) classes.

These ships were designed as a successor to the Riga class. The design started in the late 1950s and matured as an anti-submarine ship in the 1960s. A total of 40 ships were built, 32 ships for the Soviet Navy (Russian Navy) and 8 modified ships of Nerey (Krivak III) subclass for the KGB Maritime Border Guard. Currently 7 of Nerey subclass are in FSB Coast Guard and one is part of Ukrainian Navy.

The ship's unique features—the bow missile box, the stack and the angled mast, earned it a rap-like nickname among U. S. sailors that comes from their foreign ship silhouette identification training — "Hot dog pack, Smokestack, Guns in Back — Krivak."^[1]^[2]

How many ships remain in active duty is uncertain. According to some sources Russia has four units in service and the Ukrainian Navy, one.^[3]^[4] Russian press listed three units operational in February 2008, one with the Baltic Fleet and two with the Black Sea Fleet (BSF).^[5]

The Indian Navy ordered six frigates of upgraded Krivak III class as the Talwar class. Three ships were delivered in 2003–2004. Three more were delivered in 2011–2012.

On 12 October 2010, it was announced that the Yantar Yard at Kaliningrad on the Baltic Sea had won a contract to construct three new warships for the Russian Navy. The construction of the frigates for the Russian Navy will be carried out in parallel with the construction of the same-type frigates for the Indian Navy.^[6]^[7]

Versions

Project 1135, Burevestnik (21 ships): Design process started in 1956 as an anti-surface frigate successor to the Riga-class frigate. The role changed to an anti-submarine ship powered by gas turbines and armed with the SS-N-14 missile. The main building yards were Zhdanov Yard (now known as Northern Shipyard) (Leningrad), Yantar Yard (Kaliningrad) and Kamysh Burun Yard, (Kerch, Crimea). NATO referred to these ships as Krivak I class.
Project 1135 M, Burevestnik M (11 ships): This group of ships were fitted with single 100 mm guns instead of the twin 76 mm weapons of the Burevestnik design. They also had a redesigned Variable Depth Sonar (VDS) installation. All of these ships were built in Kaliningrad. NATO referred to these ships as Krivak II class.
Project 1135.1 Nerei (Nereus) (8 ships): These ships lacked the SS-N-14 missile system, which was replaced by a helicopter and hangar, and only one 100 mm gun at the bow of the ship. All of these ships were built at the Zaliv Works in Kerch. These ships were built for and operated by the KGB Maritime Border Guard. NATO referred to these ships as Krivak III class.
Project 1135.2: This was a modernisation of the Burevestnik ships Leningradski Komsomolets (renamed Legkiy in 1992), Letuchiy, Pylkiy and Zharkiy of the Krivak I group. The refit involved replacing the RBU-6000 anti-submarine mortars with SS-N-25 anti-ship missiles, new radar, sonar and ECM equipment. These ships completed their refits in 1990–92, and others were to have been modernised but the programme was cancelled with the collapse of the Soviet Union. NATO referred to these ships after their modernisation as Krivak IV class.
Talwar class: this is an advanced derivative built for the Indian Navy from 1999 to 2012. It could have been called Krivak IV.
Admiral Grigorovich class (also known as project 11356 (or 1135.6)): This is expected to be completed in similar configuration as the Talwar class. Six ships were ordered for the Black Sea Fleet, with the first one laid down on 18 December 2010; four more have been laid down, with the sixth currently planned.^[8] These ships could have been called the Krivak V class.

The Soviet Burevestnik-class frigate Bezzavetny (FFG 811) collides with the US cruiser USS Yorktown in the 1988 incident.

Ships

Project 1135 (Krivak I)

Name	Meaning of name	Builder	Laid down	Launched	Commissioned	Status	Notes
Bditelnyy	Watchful	Yantar, Kaliningrad	21 July 1968	28 March 1970	31 December 1970	Decommissioned in 1996
Bodryy	Brisk	Yantar, Kaliningrad	15 January 1969	28 April 1971	31 December 1971	Decommissioned in 1997
Dostoynyy	Virtuous	Kamysch-Burun, Kerch	11 August 1969	8 May 1971	31 December 1971	Decommissioned in 1993
Svirepyy	Fierce	Yantar, Kaliningrad	15 June 1970	27 January 1971	29 December 1972	Decommissioned in 1993
Silnyy	Strong	Yantar, Kaliningrad	15 March 1971	29 August 1972	30 June 1973	Decommissioned in 1994
Doblestnyy	Valorous	Kamysch-Burun, Kerch	30 November 1970	22 February 1973	28 December 1973	Decommissioned in 1993
Storozhevoy	Vigilant	Yantar, Kaliningrad	20 July 1972	21 March 1973	30 December 1973	Decommissioned in 2002	This ship was involved in a mutiny in 1975, which inspired the novel The Hunt for Red October.
Razumnyy	Clever	Yantar, Kaliningrad	26 June 1972	20 July 1973	30 September 1974	Decommissioned in 1998
Razyashchiy	Striking	Yantar, Kaliningrad	28 September 1972	22 July 1974	30 December 1974	Decommissioned in 1992
Druzhnyy	Friendly	Yantar, Kaliningrad	12 October 1973	22 January 1975	30 September 1975	Decommissioned in 2002	Currently on the Moscow River in northwest Moscow, intended to become a floating museum; sold for scrap, 2016.^[9]
Deyatelnyy	Active	Kamysch-Burun, Kerch	21 June 1972	5 April 1975	25 December 1975	Decommissioned in 1995
Retivyy	Ardent	Zhdanov, Leningrad	12 June 1974	14 August 1976	28 December 1976	Decommissioned in 1995
Bezzavetnyy	Serene	Kamysch-Burun, Kerch	28 May 1976	7 May 1977	30 December 1977	Decommissioned in 2000	Collided with USS Yorktown (CG-48) in February 1988 in the Black Sea bumping incident.^[10] Transferred to Ukrainian Navy on 1 August 1997.
Zadornyy	Passionate	Zhdanov, Leningrad	10 November 1977	25 March 1979	31 August 1979	Decommissioned in 2005
Bezukoriznennyy	Irreproachable	Kamysch-Burun, Kerch	12 July 1978	3 June 1979	29 December 1979	Decommissioned in 2000
Ladnyy	Harmonious	Kamysch-Burun, Kerch	25 May 1979	7 May 1980	29 December 1980	Active
Poryvistyy	Impetuous	Kamysh-Burun, Kerch	21 May 1980	16 May 1981	29 December 1981	Decommissioned in 1994	Transferred to Vladivostok 25 Nov 1994 as a training base.

Project 1135M (Krivak II)

Soviet Burevestnik M-class guided missile frigate Pytlivyy

Name	Meaning of name	Builder	Laid down	Launched	Commissioned	Status	Notes
Rezvyy	Frisky	Yantar, Kaliningrad	12 December 1973	30 May 1975	30 December 1975	Decommissioned in 2001
Rezkiy	Sharp	Yantar, Kaliningrad	28 July 1974	17 February 1976	30 September 1976	Decommissioned in 1995
Razitelnyy	Striking	Yantar, Kaliningrad	11 February 1975	1 July 1976	31 December 1976	Decommissioned in 2004
Grozyashchiy	Threatening	Yantar, Kaliningrad	4 May 1975	7 February 1977	30 September 1977	Decommissioned in 1995
Neukrotimyy	Indomitable	Yantar, Kaliningrad	22 January 1976	7 September 1977	30 December 1977	Decommissioned in 2009
Neukrotimyy	Indomitable	Yantar, Kaliningrad	22 January 1976	7 September 1977	30 December 1977	Decommissioned in 2009	Sank on 5 November 2012 in the Baltic Sea.
Bessmennyy	Unchanging	Yantar, Kaliningrad	11 January 1977	9 August 1978	26 December 1978	Decommissioned in 1998
Gordelivy	Proud	Yantar, Kaliningrad	26 July 1977	3 May 1979	20 September 1979	Decommissioned in 1994
Ryanyy	Spirited	Yantar, Kaliningrad	1 March 1978	1 September 1979	31 December 1979	Decommissioned in 1997
Revnostnyy	Zealous	Yantar, Kaliningrad	1 March 1978	1 September 1979	31 December 1979	Decommissioned in 2003
Pytlivyy	Keen	Yantar, Kaliningrad	27 June 1979	16 April 1981	30 November 1981	Active

Project 11351 or Nerey (Krivak III)

Soviet KGB Border Troops Nerei class-frigate Imeni 70-Letiya Pogranichnykh Voisk (renamed Anadyr in Russian Coast Guard service) in 1988. KGB ensign is risen.

The Krivak-class frigate Hetman Sahaydachniy is the current flagship of the Ukrainian navy.^[11]

All ships were built in Kerch and were intended for the Soviet Coast Guard. Nowadays, 3 ships are in service with the Russian FSB Coast Guard and 1 ship is in service with the Ukrainian Navy.

Name	Meaning of name	Builder	Laid down	Launched	Commissioned	Status
Menzhinskiy	Vyacheslav Menzhinsky	Kamysch-Burun, Kerch	14 August 1981	31 December 1982	29 December 1983	Decommissioned in 1998
Dzerzhinskiy	Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky	Kamysch-Burun, Kerch	20 January 1983	20 March 1984	29 December 1984	Active
Oryol	Eagle	Kamysch-Burun, Kerch	26 September 1983	2 November 1985	1 November 1986	Active
Pskov	Pskov	Kamysch-Burun, Kerch	26 December 1985	18 February 1987	29 December 1987	Decommissioned in 2002
Anadyr	Anadyr Peninsula	Kamysch-Burun, Kerch	2 April 1987	2 March 1988	30 December 1988	Decommissioned in 2002
Kedrov		Kamysch-Burun, Kerch	4 April 1988	30 April 1989	28 December 1989	Decommissioned in 2002
Vorovskiy		Kamysch-Burun, Kerch	15 May 1989	28 July 1990	29 December 1990	Active
Hetman Sahaydachniy (ex-Kirov)		Kamysch-Burun, Kerch	5 October 1990	29 March 1992	2 April 1993	Active with the Ukrainian Navy
Krasny Vympel		Kamysch-Burun, Kerch	27 December 1992			Cancelled

Project 11352/11353

Modernized units of Project 1135 (Krivak I).

Name	Meaning of name	Builder	Laid down	Launched	Commissioned	Status
Leningradskiy Komsomolets (ex-Legkiy)		Zhdanov, Leningrad	22 April 1974	1 April 1977	29 September 1977	Decommissioned in 2003
Letuchiy	Flighty	Zhdanov, Leningrad	9 March 1977	19 March 1978	10 August 1978	Decommissioned in 2005
Pylkiy	Fervent	Zhdanov, Leningrad	6 May 1977	20 August 1978	28 December 1978	Decommissioned in 2012
Zharkiy	Heated	Zhdanov, Leningrad	16 April 1974	3 November 1975	29 June 1976	Decommissioned in 2002

Project 11356 (Talwar)

Three improved Nerey frigates were ordered by the Indian Navy on 17 November 1997. They are known as Talwar-class frigates in Indian naval service. Three more, armed with the Brahmos missile, were ordered on 14 July 2006.^[12]

Name	Builder	Laid down	Launched	Commissioned	Status
Talwar	Baltic Shipyard, St. Petersburg	10 March 1999	12 May 2000	March 2002 (Russia), 18 June 2003 (India)	Active
Trishul	Baltic Shipyard, St. Petersburg	24 September 1999	24 October 2000	February 2002 (Russia), 25 June 2003 (India)	Active
Tabar	Baltic Shipyard, St. Petersburg	26 May 2000	25 May 2001	January 2004 (Russia), 19 April 2004 (India)	Active
Teg	Yantar Yard, Kaliningrad	28 July 2007	27 October 2009	27 April 2012 (India)	Active
Tarkash	Yantar Yard, Kaliningrad	27 October 2007	23 June 2010	October 2012 (Russia), 9 November 2012 (India)	Active
Trikand	Yantar Yard, Kaliningrad	12 June 2008	25 May 2011	April 2013 (Russia), 29 June 2013 (India)	Active

Project 11356P/M (Admiral Grigorovich)

Six frigates of the Admiral Grigorovich-class were ordered for the Black Sea Fleet to be built by the Yantar Yard in Kaliningrad which is also building the Talwar-class for the Indian Navy.

Name	Builder	Laid down	Launched	Commissioned	Fleet	Status
Admiral Grigorovich	Yantar, Kaliningrad	18 December 2010	14 March 2014	11 March 2016	Black Sea	Active
Admiral Essen	Yantar, Kaliningrad	8 July 2011	7 November 2014	7 June 2016	Black Sea	Active
Admiral Makarov	Yantar, Kaliningrad	29 February 2012	2 September 2015	November 2017	Black Sea	In sea trials
Admiral Butakov	Yantar, Kaliningrad	13 July 2013	5 March 2016	Before 2020	Black Sea	Under construction
Admiral Istomin	Yantar, Kaliningrad	15 November 2013		Before 2020	Black Sea	Under construction
Admiral Kornilov	Yantar, Kaliningrad			Before 2020	Black Sea	Under construction

Notes

↑ Warship recognition mnemonic device employed by U.S. Navy intelligence officers during the Cold War when preparing deploying unit level combat "operators" (e.g., Pilots, Naval Flight Officers, Surface Warfare Officers, Submarine Officers) for overseas deployments.
↑ http://www.militaryfactory.com/ships/detail.asp?ship_id=Storozhevoy-Project-1135
↑ "Боевые искусства. Все о самообороне". Warfare.ru. Retrieved 2014-03-08.
↑ John Pike. "Ukraine – Navy Equipment". Globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 2014-03-08.
↑ Kommersant Vlast', No.7, 25 February 2008 (Russian)
↑ "Yantar shipyard to build three warships for Russian Navy". Brahmand.com. 2010-10-13. Retrieved 2014-03-08.
↑ "Kaliningrad shipyard to build three frigates for Russian Navy | Defense | RIA Novosti". En.rian.ru. Retrieved 2014-03-08.
↑ 27.09.2010 (2010-09-27). "BSF to receive new frigates every year since 2013". Rusnavy.com. Retrieved 2014-03-08.
↑ EnglishRussia.com – "Friendly" Ship Guarding Moscow
↑ William J. Aceves. "Diplomacy at Sea: U.S. Freedom of Navigation Operations in the Black Sea". International Law Studies. 68.
↑ Kozhara: Hetman Sahaidachny frigate to join NATO’s anti-piracy operation, Interfax-Ukraine (17 September 2013)
↑ Russia to complete second missile frigate for Indian Navy by March

References

Gardiner, Robert (ed.) (1995). Conway's all the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995. London: Conway Maritime. ISBN 0-85177-605-1. OCLC 34284130. Also published as Gardiner, Robert; Chumbley, Stephen; Budzbon, Przemysław (1995). Conway's all the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-132-7. OCLC 34267261.
Pavlov, A. S., Warships of the USSR and Russia 1945–1995 (Chatham Publishing, 1997) ISBN 1-86176-039-6.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Krivak class frigate.

(in Russian) Article
(in English) Article from FAS
(in English) Article from Warfare.ru
(in English) Photoalbum Krivak-2 Class Frigate "Pitlivy"
https://web.archive.org/web/20060625075401/http://mosnews.com/news/2005/08/01/flagship.shtml – 1995 mine accident
(in English) All Krivak I and II Class Frigates – Complete Ship List
(in English) All Krivak III Class Frigates – Complete Ship List

Burevestnik (Krivak)-class frigates

Soviet Navy

Russian Navy

Project 1135 Burevestnik (Krivak-I)	Bditelnyy Svirepyy Bodryy Dostoynyy Silnyy Doblestnyy Storozhevoy Razumnyy Razyashchiy Druzhnyy Deyatelnyy Zharkiy Retivyy Leningradskiy Komsomolets / Legkiy Bezzavetnyy Letuchiy Pylkiy Zadornyy Bezukoriznennyy Ladny Poryvistyy Pytlivyy^X
Project 1135M Burevestnik-M (Krivak-II)	Rezvyy Rezkiy Razitelnyy Grozyashchiy Neukrotimyy / Komsomolets Litvy Gromkiy Bessmennyy Gordelivy Revnostnyy Ryavnyy Pytlivyy
Project 1135.1 Nerey (Krivak-III)	Menzhinsky Dzerzhinsky Yuri Andropov / Imeni XXVII Syezda KPSS / Orel Imeni 70-Letiya VChk-KGB / Pskov Imeni 70-Letiya Pogranichnykh / Anadyr Kedrov Vorovsky Kirov Krasny Vympel

Ukrainian Navy

Hetman Sahaydachniy (ex-Kirov)
Hetman Bayda Vyshnevetsky (ex-Krasny Vympel)
Sevastopol (ex-Razitelnyy)
Mykolaiv (ex-Bezukoriznennyy)
Dnipropetrovsk (ex-Bezzavetnyy)

Preceded by: Koni class
Followed by: Gepard class

List of frigates of the Soviet Navy
List of frigates of the Russian Navy

Soviet and Russian ship classes after 1945
Aircraft carriers	Moskva OREL^X Kiev Kuznetsov Ulyanovsk^X Project 23000E
Battlecruisers	Kronshtadt^X Stalingrad^X Kirov
Cruisers	Sverdlov Kynda Kresta I Kresta II Kara Slava Project 22350M^P Project 21956M^P Project 23560M^P
Destroyers	Skoryy Neustrashimy Kotlin Kildin Krupny Kanin Kashin Sovremennyy Udaloy Project 22350M^P Lider Project 21956^P
Frigates	Kola Riga Petya Mirka Koni Burevestnik Gepard Neustrashimyy Novik^X Admiral Grigorovich Admiral Gorshkov Rusich-1^P
Corvettes	Poti Pauk Parchim Nanuchka Tarantul Bora Grisha Mukha Buyan Steregushchiy Gremyashchiy Karakurt Project 20386 Briz^P Rusich-1500^P
P / M / T boats	Kronshtadt Komar Osa Shershen Stenka Turya Zhuk Mukha Matka Muravey^BG Sarancha Svetlyak^BG Rubin^BG Project 22160 Project 23550 Briz^P Rusich-2400^P Antares RA^P
Minesweepers	MT T43 T58 Yurka Natya Gorya Sasha Vanya Zhenya Sonya Yevgenya Alexandrit
Amphibious ships	Project 1178^X Ivan Rogov Alligator Ropucha Polnocny Dyugon Ivan Gren Ondatra Serna Priboj Lavina
Spy ships	Moma Primor'ye Balzam Vishnya Yury Ivanov
Air-cushioned crafts	Gus Lebed Tsaplya Aist Zubr Czilim^BG
Patrol icebreakers	Ivan Susanin^BG Purga^BG Project 23550
Other vessels	SSV-33 Don Ugra Smolnyy Dunay Lun
X Cancelled BG Border Guard service P Project

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