Krasny Kholm, Krasnokholmsky District, Tver Oblast

Krasny Kholm (in English)
Красный Холм (Russian)
-  Town[1]  -

Location of Tver Oblast in Russia
Krasny Kholm
Location of Krasny Kholm in Tver Oblast
Coordinates: 58°04′N 37°07′E / 58.067°N 37.117°E / 58.067; 37.117Coordinates: 58°04′N 37°07′E / 58.067°N 37.117°E / 58.067; 37.117
Coat of arms
Administrative status (as of December 2012)
Country Russia
Federal subject Tver Oblast[1]
Administrative district Krasnokholmsky District[2]
Urban settlement Krasny Kholm[2]
Administrative center of Krasnokholmsky District,[3] Krasny Kholm Urban Settlement[2]
Municipal status (as of May 2013)
Municipal district Krasnokholmsky Municipal District[4]
Urban settlement Krasny Kholm Urban Settlement[4]
Administrative center of Krasnokholmsky Municipal District,[5] Krasny Kholm Urban Settlement[4]
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) 5,608 inhabitants[6]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[7]
First mentioned 1518
Town status since 1776
Previous names Spas-na-Kholmu (until 1776)
Postal code(s)[8] 171660, 171661, 171679
Krasny Kholm on Wikimedia Commons

Krasny Kholm (Russian: Кра́сный Холм) is a town and the administrative center of Krasnokholmsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia. Population: 5,608 (2010 Census);[6] 6,396 (2002 Census);[9] 7,875 (1989 Census).[10]

History

What is now Krasny Kholm was first attested as the village of Spas-na-Kholmu as early as 1518. The village belonged to the Antoniyev Monastery of St. Nicholas until its lands were secularized in 1764. In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate), but in 1727 it was transferred to Moscow Governorate. In 1775, Tver Viceroyalty was formed from the lands which previously belonged to Moscow and Novgorod Governorates, and in 1776, Krasnokholmsky Uyezd was established as a part of Tver Viceroyalty.[11] In 1776, the village was granted town status and received its current name. In 1796, the viceroyalty was transformed into Tver Governorate; Krasnokholmsky Uyezd was abolished, with its territory transferred to Vesyegonsky Uyezd.[11] The railway between Rybinsk and St. Petersburg reached the town in 1899, boosting its development.

On March 10, 1918, Krasnokholmsky Uyezd was re-established.[11] On April 25, 1921, it was transferred to newly established Rybinsk Governorate.[12] On February 6, 1923, Rybinsk Governorate was abolished and the uyezd was transferred back to Tver Governorate.[12] On March 3, 1924, Krasnokholmsky Uyezd was abolished and split between Bezhetsky and Vesyegonsky Uyezds.[12]

On July 12, 1929 the governorates and uyezds were abolished.[12] Krasnokholmsky District, with the administrative center in Krasny Kholm, was established within Bezhetsk Okrug of Moscow Oblast on the territories which previously belonged to Bezhetsky and Vesyegonsky Uyezds.[12] On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast.[13] On January 29, 1935, Krasnokholmsky District was transferred to newly established Kalinin Oblast.[12]

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Krasny Kholm serves as the administrative center of Krasnokholmsky District.[3] As an administrative division, it is, together with two rural localities, incorporated within Krasnokholmsky District as Krasny Kholm Urban Settlement.[2] As a municipal division, this administrative unit also has urban settlement status and is a part of Krasnokholmsky Municipal District.[4]

Economy

Industry

The main industrial enterprise in the town is Krasny Kholm Electromechanical Plant. There are enterprises of timber, textile, and food industries as well.[14]

Transportation

Krasny Kholm railway station

A railway connecting Moscow and Mga via Sonkovo and Pestovo passes through Krasny Kholm. There is a major railway station in the town.

Krasny Kholm is connected by roads with Ustyuzhna via Vesyegonsk, with Tver via Bezhetsk, and with Sandovo via Molokovo. There are also local roads with bus traffic originating from Krasny Kholm.

Culture and recreation

Krasny Kholm contains thirteen cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally forty objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. The federal monuments are the buildings of the Antoniyev Krasnokholmsky Monastery.[15] On the bank of the Mologa River, within two miles from the town, lie the ruins of the Antoniyev Monastery. The monastery cathedral was commissioned by Andrey Bolshoy in 1481; it was consecrated in 1493 and was rebuilt in limestone half a century later. This building—the oldest in the oblast—was reduced by the Bolsheviks to rubble; it still stands roofless and continues to decay. The Intercession Church (1596), as well as 17th-century walls and cells, were either demolished or mutilated beyond repair.

This former administrative building in Krasny Kholm is one of the town's objects of cultural heritage

Krasnokholmsky District Museum, located in Krasny Holm, was established in 1964. It has expositions on local history.[16]

Notable people

Krasny Kholm was the birthplace of artist Oleg Lomakin and is linked to the myth of Kitezh.

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 Law #34-ZO
  2. 1 2 3 4 Law #34-ZO stipulates that the borders of the settlements (administrative-territorial divisions) are identical to the borders of the urban and rural settlements (municipal divisions), and that the borders of the administrative districts are identical to the borders of the municipal districts. Law #32-ZO, which describes the borders and the composition of the municipal formations in Krasnokholmsky Municipal District, lists the town of Krasny Kholm as a part and the administrative center of Krasny Kholm Urban Settlement of that district.
  3. 1 2 Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 28 232», в ред. изменения №275/2015 от 1 сентября 2015 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division . Code 28 232, as amended by the Amendment #275/2015 of September 1, 2015. ).
  4. 1 2 3 4 Law #32-ZO
  5. ↑ Law #4-ZO
  6. 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  7. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  8. ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  9. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  10. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  11. 1 2 3 Краснохолмский уезд (in Russian). Энциклопедический справочник "Тверская Область". Retrieved August 22, 2014.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Справка об изменениях в административно-территориальном делении Тверской губернии - Калининской области (in Russian). Архивы России. Archived from the original on April 19, 2012. Retrieved August 22, 2014.
  13. ↑ Snytko et al., p. 87
  14. ↑ Промышленность (in Russian). Администрация Краснохолмского района. Retrieved August 1, 2013.
  15. ↑ Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
  16. ↑ Краснохолмский краеведческий музей (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved July 26, 2013.

Sources

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