Kora La

Kora La
Location in Nepal
Elevation 4,660 m (15,289 ft)
Location China–Nepal border
Range Himalayas
Coordinates 29°18′14″N 83°58′7″E / 29.30389°N 83.96861°E / 29.30389; 83.96861Coordinates: 29°18′14″N 83°58′7″E / 29.30389°N 83.96861°E / 29.30389; 83.96861

Kora La or Korala (Nepali: कोरला; literally Kora Pass) is a mountain pass between Tibet and Upper Mustang. It is only 4,660 metres (15,290 ft) in elevation, it has been considered the lowest drivable path between Tibetan Plateau and Indian subcontinent.[1] It is currently being planned as vehicle border crossing between China and Nepal.[2]

Geography

Kora La is situated on the drainage divide between the Yarlung Tsangpo and Ganges river basins. At 4,660 m (15,290 ft), it is the lowest pass across the Himalayan mountain range. As such, it forms the key col for K2 on the ridgeline connecting it to Mount Everest. The Kali Gandaki River has its source near the southern side of the pass.

History

Kora La is one of the oldest routes between the two regions. It was historically used for salt trade between Tibet and Nepalese kingdoms.[3] Up until 2008 Upper Mustang was the Kingdom of Lo, an ethnic Tibetan kingdom that was a suzerainty of Kingdom of Nepal. The suzerainty allowed for a certain level of independence in local governance from the Nepalese central government.[4]

During the late 1950s and 60s, the Tibetan guerrilla group Chushi Gangdruk operated out of Upper Mustang with the intention of raiding PLA positions in Tibet.[4] This led to a border incident that caused the killing of a Nepalese officer who was mistaken as a Tibetan rebel.[5][6]

People's Republic of China and Kingdom of Nepal officially signed border agreement in 1961.[7] The border was set slightly north of the traditional boundary marker. The traditional location of Kora La is marked by a stupa lies a bit south of the demarcated border between China and Nepal at 29°18′14″N 83°58′7″E / 29.30389°N 83.96861°E / 29.30389; 83.96861.[4]

In December 1999, the 17th claimant Karmapa fled Tibet through this area.[8][9] In response, China built a border fence immediately after.[3] There is a PLA border outpost a few miles on Chinese side, it is the western most border outpost in Tibet Military District. The outpost was renovated in 2009 to have a modern facility.[10]

The border has been closed since the 1960s. However, there is a semiannual cross-border trade fair during which the border is open to local traders.[3] In 2012, Nepal and China agreed to open 6 more official border crossings, Kora La being one of them.[11] In July 2016, Nepalese government announced that this border crossing is expected to open in a year, and also expects it to be the third most important crossing between the two countries.[12]

References

  1. ↑ Peissel, Michel (October 1965). "Mustang, Nepal's Lost Kingdom". National Geographic. Retrieved 2017-02-10. high point of 4660 m at Kora La on the Mustang-TAR border, the lowest drivable corridor through the Himalayas linking the Tibetan Plateau via Nepal to the tropical Indian plains
  2. ↑ Tripathi, Binod (19 Jun 2016). "China extends road up to Korala border". Kathmandu Post. Retrieved 2017-02-10.
  3. 1 2 3 Murton, Galen (March 2016). "A Himalayan Border Trilogy: The Political Economies of Transport Infrastructure and Disaster Relief between China and Nepal". Cross-Currents E-Journal. ISSN 2158-9674. Retrieved 2017-02-09.
  4. 1 2 3 Cowan, Sam (17 January 2016). "The curious case of the Mustang incident". The Record. Retrieved 2017-02-10.
  5. ↑ "Chinese Troops Kill a Nepalese; 18 Captured in Reds' Raid Across Border -- 'Urgent' Protest Sent to Peiping". New York Times. 30 June 1960. Retrieved 2017-02-10.
  6. ↑ Elleman, Bruce; Kotkin, Stephen; Schofield, Clive (2014). "China-Nepal Border". Beijing's Power and China's Borders: Twenty Neighbors in Asia. Routledge. p. 211. ISBN 9781317515654. Retrieved 2017-02-10.
  7. ↑ (in Chinese) Wikisource link to 中华人民共和国和尼泊尔王国边界条约 [China-Nepal Border Agreement]. Wikisource. 1961-10-05.
  8. ↑ "The Karmapa’s Great Escape (December 28, 1999 – January 5, 2000) -". Karmapa – The Official Website of the 17th Karmapa. Retrieved 2017-02-10. we were not discovered and arrived in Mustang, Nepal, on the morning of December 30, 1999
  9. ↑ Crossette, Barbara (31 January 2000). "Buddhist's Escape From Tibet, by Car, Horse and Plane". New York Times. Retrieved 2017-02-10.
  10. ↑ "中国边海防巡礼之昆木加哨所" [Tour of Chinese Border Guards and Coast Guards - Kunmuja Border Outpost]. chinamil.com.cn (in Chinese). Retrieved 2017-02-11. 西藏军区最西边的哨所——昆木加哨所
  11. ↑ Prithvi Man Shrestha; Jaya Bahadur Rokaya (24 March 2016). "Nepal, China rush to open Hilsa border". Kathmandu Post. Retrieved 2017-02-10. Nepal has also given priority to opening this border point along with Kimathanka and Korala in Mustang.
  12. ↑ Tripathi, Binod (8 July 2016). "‘Korala border to open within a year’". Kathmandu Post. Retrieved 2017-02-10.
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