Konstantin Bulgakov

Konstantin Yakovlevich Bulgakov
Konstantin Bulgakov
Native name Константин Яковлевич Булгаков
Born (1782-12-31)December 31, 1782
Constantinople
Died October 29, 1835(1835-10-29) (aged 52)
Saint Petersburg
Cause of death stroke
Resting place Saint Petersburg
59°55′11″N 30°23′19″E / 59.91972°N 30.38861°E / 59.91972; 30.38861
Residence Saint Petersburg
Nationality Russian Empire
Citizenship Russian Empire
Education secondary
Alma mater Saint Peter's School
Occupation diplomat, postal administrator, Privy Councillor
Years active 1797–1835
Known for correspondence, writing
Home town Saint Petersburg
Title Director of the St. Petersburg Post Office and Russian Postal Department
Term 1819–1835
Successor Feodor Pryanishnikov
Spouse(s) Maria Varlam (m. 1814–35)
Children 5 including:
son Alexander Bulgakov (1816–1873)
daughter Sofia Perovsky (1818–1902)
daughter Maria Bulgakov (1823–1848)
Parent(s) Yakov Bulgakov (1743–1809)
Catherine Amber (?–1809)
Relatives brother Alexander Bulgakov (1781–1863)
Awards
Order of St. Vladimir
1821

Order of the White Eagle
1832

Konstantin Yakovlevich Bulgakov (Russian: Константин Яковлевич Булгаков; 31 December 1782 – 29 October 1835) was a Russian diplomat, privy councillor, and postal administrator.[1]

Konstantin Bulgakov served as the Director of the Moscow Post Office. Since 1819 he was the Director of Saint Petersburg Post Office. Bulgakov later became the Director of the Postal Department of the Russian Empire. He and his brother Alexander Bulgakov, Director of the Moscow Post Office, could freely correspond with each other because both were the top officers of the Russian Postal Service.[2]

Biography

Konstantin Bulgakov was the son of a diplomat, Yakov Bulgakov (1743–1809). He was born in Constantinople in 1782. Bulgakov began working in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1797. Thanks to his linguistic skills, he served in a diplomatic capacity during Russia's wars with Turkey and France. At the Congress of Vienna in 1815, Bulgakov assisted the Russian Tsar Alexander I and the Foreign Minister. The Tsar offered him an ambassador position in Copenhagen. However, Bulgakov asked the Tsar for his appointment as Director of Posts in Moscow in February 1816. He soon succeeded in this post and was transferred to Saint Petersburg on 23 December 1819. As Director of Saint Petersburg Posts, Bulgakov worked there with Prince Golitsyn, who was in charge of the Russian Postal Department.[3]

In 1831, Bulgakov was promoted to the Director of the Postal Department and decorated. However, he suffered two strokes in 1835. That was a consequence of overwork. Bulgakov died the same year.[3]

Postal reforms

Among Bulgakov's innovations was the establishment of passenger-carrying mail-coaches between the major towns of Russia and the Baltic provinces. These services started in 1821 and worked, until they were replaced with the railway in 1868.

In 1825, the first survey of post-roads in Russia was published. Begun in 1817, construction of paved roads continued and reached over 1,500 miles by the 1850s. This progress enabled Bulgakov to introduce a system of express posts ("extra" posts) between major cities.

Bulgakov also concluded a postal treaty with Prussia. In 1832, he set up a steamship service between Saint Petersburg and Lübeck.

All these improvements reduced the delivery times for mail. For example, mail from Berlin to Saint Petersburg came in five days instead of nine. The Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna, the widow of Paul I and a former German princess, praised the better postal service.

Bulgakov paid much attention to improve working conditions for postal workers.[3]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Bulgakov, Konstantin Ja.". CERL Thesaurus: Record (in English and German). London, UK: Consortium of European Research Libraries (CERL). 2010-10-28. Archived from the original on 2015-05-14. Retrieved 2015-05-14.
  2. ↑ Bulgakov, K. Ia.; Bulgakov, A. Ia. (2010). Brat`ia Bulgakovy: Perepiska v 3-kh tomakh [The Bulgakov Brothers: Correspondence: In 3 vols] (in Russian). Introd. by Prince P. A. Viazemskii. Moscow: Zakharov. ISBN 9785815909502. Archived from the original on 2015-05-13. Retrieved 2015-05-13.
  3. 1 2 3 Roberts, I. W. (1986). "19th century Russian postal ministers and officials". Rossica: Journal of the Rossica Society of Russian Philately. 108–109: 75–78. ISSN 0035-8363. Archived from the original on 2015-05-16. Retrieved 2015-05-16. Notes from "Khronika" in "Zhizn' i Tekhnika Svyazi," 1924 (translated by D. Skipton).
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