Kommunar, Gatchinsky District, Leningrad Oblast

Kommunar (in English)
Коммунар (Russian)
-  Town[1]  -

Izhorskaya Street in Kommunar

Location of Leningrad Oblast in Russia
Kommunar
Location of Kommunar in Leningrad Oblast
Coordinates: 59°38′N 30°24′E / 59.633°N 30.400°E / 59.633; 30.400Coordinates: 59°38′N 30°24′E / 59.633°N 30.400°E / 59.633; 30.400
Coat of arms
Flag
Administrative status (as of June 2013)
Country Russia
Federal subject Leningrad Oblast[1]
Administrative district Gatchinsky District[1]
Settlement municipal formation Kommunarskoye Settlement Municipal Formation[1]
Administrative center of Kommunarskoye Settlement Municipal Formation[1]
Municipal status (as of May 2010)
Municipal district Gatchinsky Municipal District[2]
Urban settlement Kommunarskoye Urban Settlement[2]
Administrative center of Kommunarskoye Urban Settlement[2]
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) 20,211 inhabitants[3]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[4]
Founded 1840s[5]
Town status since June 28, 1993[6]
Previous names Grafskaya Slavyanka (until 1846),[5]
Tsarskaya Slavyanka (until 1918),[5]
Krasnaya Slavyanka[7]
Postal code(s)[8] 188320–188322
Official website
Kommunar on Wikimedia Commons

Kommunar (Russian: Коммуна́р) is a town in Gatchinsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the banks of the Izhora River 35 kilometers (22 mi) south of the center of St. Petersburg. Population: 20,211 (2010 Census);[3] 17,164 (2002 Census);[9] 17,791 (1989 Census).[10]

History

Historical image of the paper mill

It was founded in the 1840s by the land owner countess Yuliya Samoylova as Grafskaya Slavyanka (Гра́фская Славя́нка).[5] In 1846, it was purchased by the government and renamed Tsarskaya Slavyanka (Ца́рская Славя́нка).[5] Until 1918, it was also known as the settlement at the Rogers and Peiffer factory (посёлок при фабрике Роджерса и Пейффера). In 1918, it was renamed Krasnaya Slavyanka.[7] In the beginning of the 20th century, it was a part of Tsarskoselsky Uyezd of St. Petersburg Governorate[11] (renamed in 1913 Petrograd Governorate and in 1924 Leningrad Governorate). On November 20, 1918, the uyezd was renamed Detskoselsky.[11] On February 14, 1923 Detskoselsky and Petergofsky Uyezds were abolished and merged into Gatchinsky Uyezd, with the administrative center located in Gatchina.[11] On February 14, 1923, Gatchina was renamed Trotsk and Gatchinsky Uyezd was renamed Trotsky Uyezd,[12] after Leon Trotsky.

On August 1, 1927, the uyezds were abolished and Trotsky District, with the administrative center in the town of Trotsk, was established. The governorates were also abolished and the district became a part of Leningrad Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. The settlement was made a part of Trotsky District. On August 2, 1929, after Trotsky was deported from Soviet Union, Trotsk was renamed Krasnogvardeysk and the district was renamed Krasnogvardeysky.[13] On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished as well and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. On January 28, 1944, Krasnogvardeysk was renamed Gatchina and the district was renamed Gatchinsky.[13]

Kommunar was granted urban-type settlement status on October 8, 1953[13] and town status on June 28, 1993.[6] In 1996, the town held a popular vote regarding whether it should become a town of oblast significance. However, in 2010 the administrative divisions of Leningrad Oblast were harmonized with its municipal divisions, and Kommunar became the town of district significance again.[14]

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated within Gatchinsky District as Kommunarskoye Settlement Municipal Formation.[1] As a municipal division, Kommunarskoye Settlement Municipal Formation is incorporated within Gatchinsky Municipal District as Kommunarskoye Urban Settlement.[2]

Economy

Industry

The main enterprise of the town is the Kommunar paper factory.

Transportation

A bus connecting Pushkin and Kommunar on Sadovaya Street

A railway connecting St. Petersburg and Novosokolniki via Dno runs along the eastern border of the town. Antropshino railway station, located in Kommunar, has suburban service originating from Vitebsky railway station of St. Petersburg.

Kommunar is essentially a suburb of St. Petersburg and is included in the suburban road network. In particular, it is connected by road with Gatchina.

Culture and recreation

A mass grave of Soviet soldiers killed during the Russian Civil War and World War II in Kommunar is protected as a historical monument of local significance.[15]

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Oblast Law #32-oz
  2. 1 2 3 4 Law #113-oz
  3. 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  4. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Коммунар, г. (in Russian). Encyclopedia of Leningrad Oblast. Retrieved 28 February 2014.
  6. 1 2 История (in Russian). Официальный портал администрации города Коммунар. Retrieved February 28, 2014.
  7. 1 2 Секреты Графской (Царской) Славянки (in Russian). Город Пушкин.ИНФО. Retrieved 28 February 2014.
  8. ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  9. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  10. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  11. 1 2 3 Царскосельский уезд (1917 г. - ноябрь 1918 г.), Детскосельский уезд (ноябрь 1918 г. - февраль 1923 г.) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Retrieved February 28, 2014.
  12. ↑ Гатчинский уезд (февраль 1923 г. -август 1927 г.) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Retrieved February 28, 2014.
  13. 1 2 3 Троцкий район (август 1927 г. - август 1929 г.), Красногвардейский район (август 1929 г. - январь 1944 г.), Гатчинский район (январь 1944 г.) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Retrieved February 28, 2014.
  14. ↑ Отчет о работе комитета по взаимодействию с органами местного самоуправления Ленинградской области в 2010 году (in Russian). Комитет по печати и связям с общественностью Ленинградской области. Retrieved February 28, 2014.
  15. ↑ Братская могила советских воинов, погибших в годы гражданской и Великой Отечественной войн (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved February 11, 2013.

Sources

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