Koch's triangle
Koch's triangle is an anatomical area located in the superficial paraseptal endocardium of the right atrium, which its angles are coronary sinus orifice, tendon of Todaro and atrioventricular node. Also the elements anatomically near to it, are the insertion of the tricuspid valve, membranous septum, and the Eustachian ridge. This triangle ends at the site of the coronary sinus orifice inferiorly and, continuous with the sub-Eustachian pouch. The tendon of Todaro forms the hypotenuse of the triangle and the base is formed by the CSO and the vestibule of the right atrium. Variations in the size of Koch's triangle are common among people with different age and gender.The Atrioventricular node or the AV node is located at the apex of this triangle which depicts its anatomical importance .
References
Further reading
- Sumitomo, Naokata; Tateno, Shigeru; Nakamura, Yoshihide; Ushinohama, Hiroya; Taniguchi, Kazuo; Ichikawa, Rie; Fukuhara, Junji; Abe, Osamu; Miyashita, Michio; Kanamaru, Hiroshi; Ayusawa, Mamoru; Harada, Kensuke; Mugishima, Hideo (2007). "Clinical Importance of Koch's Triangle Size in Children". Circulation Journal. 71 (12): 1918–21. PMID 18037746. doi:10.1253/circj.71.1918.
- Francalanci, Paola; Drago, Fabrizio; Agostino, Domenico Antonio; Liso, Gaetano; Giommo, Vincenzo; Boldrini, Renata; Ragonese, Pietro; Bosman, Cesare (1998). "Koch's Triangle in Pediatric Age: Correlation with Extra- and Intracardiac Parameters". Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology. 21 (8): 1576–9. PMID 9725156. doi:10.1111/j.1540-8159.1998.tb00245.x.
- Inoue, Shin; Becker, Anton E. (1998). "Koch's Triangle Sized Up: Anatomical Landmarks in Perspective of Catheter Ablation Procedures". Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology. 21 (8): 1553–8. PMID 9725153. doi:10.1111/j.1540-8159.1998.tb00242.x.
- Sánchez-Quintana, Damián; Picazo-Angelín, Beatriz; Cabrera, Alberto; Murillo, Margarita; Cabrera, José Ángel (2010). "Koch's Triangle and the Atrioventricular Node in Ebstein's Anomaly: Implications for Catheter Ablation". Revista Española de Cardiología. 63 (6): 660–7. PMID 20515623. doi:10.1016/S1885-5857(10)70140-7.
- Anderson, R. H.; Cook, A. C. (2007). "The structure and components of the atrial chambers". Europace. 9 (Suppl 6): vi3–9. PMID 17959691. doi:10.1093/europace/eum200.
External links
- "Triangle of Koch". University of Minnesota.
- "Illustration". health-pictures.com.