Kariri languages

Karirí
Karirian
Native to	Brazil
Region	between Bahia and Maranhão
Ethnicity	Kiriri people
Extinct	ca. 1970
Language family	Macro-Gê Karirí
Language codes
ISO 639-3	kzw
Glottolog	kari1254  Kariri[1]

The Karirí languages, generally considered dialects of a single language, are extinct languages formerly spoken by the Kiriri people of Brazil. It was spoken until the middle of the 20th century; the 4,000 ethnic Kiriri are now monolingual Portuguese speakers, though a few know common phrases and names of medicinal plants.

The four known Kariri languages are:

• Kipeá (Quipea, Kariri)
• Kamurú (Camuru)
• Dzubukuá (Dzubucua, Kiriri)
• Sabujá (Sapoyá, Pedra Branca).

There are short grammatical descriptions of Kipeá and Dzubukuá, and word lists for Kamurú and Sabujá. Ribeiro established through morphological analysis that Kariri is likely to be related to the Jê languages.

Other languages called 'Kariri'

The names Kariri and Kiriri were applied to many peoples over a wide area in the east of Brazil, in the lower and middle São Francisco River area and further north. Most of their now-extinct languages are too poorly known to classify, but what is recorded does not suggest that they were all members of the Kariri family. Examples are:

• Katembri (Kiriri, Kariri, Kariri de Mirandela [near Banzaê & Quijingue])
  • Kaufman (1990) classified it as Katembri–Taruma.
• Xukurú (Kirirí, Kirirí-Xokó [in Pernambuco])
  • Loukotka (1968) says this forms a small family with Paratió.
• Xocó (Xokó, Chocó [in Sergipe], Kariri-Xocó, Kariri-Shoko, Cariri-Chocó [in Alagoas], Xukuru-Kariri, Xucuru-Kariri, Xucuru-Cariri [in Alagoas])
  • Three populations. Not clear if this was one language or three.

References

Notes

• RIBEIRO, Eduardo. (2002) 'O marcador de posse alienavel em Kariri: um morfema macro-je revisitado'. Revista Liames, 2: 31-48.
• Alain Fabre, 2005, Diccionario etnolingüístico y guía bibliográfica de los pueblos indígenas sudamericanos: KARIRI