Patrick Kenniff

Patrick Kenniff

Patrick Kenniff on trial for murder, 1902
Born (1865-09-28)28 September 1865
Dungog, New South Wales, Australia
Died 13 January 1903(1903-01-13) (aged 37)
Boggo Road Gaol Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
Criminal charge Murder
Criminal penalty Death
Criminal status Executed by hanging
Parent(s) James & Mary (née Stapleton) Kenniff
Conviction(s) Murder

Patrick Kenniff (1865-1903) was an Australian bushranger who roamed western Queensland, Australia, with his brother James Kenniff (1869-1940). They were primarily cattle thieves, but the brothers were found guilty of murder and Patrick was hanged in Boggo Road Gaol in 1903.

Early life

The Kenniff brothers had convictions for cattle stealing in northern New South Wales in the 1880s. They moved across the border into Queensland in 1891. In 1895 both brothers received prison terms for horse and cattle theft. After their release they moved to the Upper Warrego and took up a large grazing lease known as Ralph Block.

The Kenniffs became the prime suspects when cattle disappeared from neighbouring properties, local squatters demanded their eviction. The Kenniffs took up a nomadic life, riding armed through the district, they continued to steal cattle and horses and held up a general store at Yuleba. The police was so concerned that the Upper Warrego Police Station was established on the Ralph property.

Murder and capture

In March 1902, a warrant was issued against the brothers for stealing a pony. A police posse set out consisting of Constable George Doyle, Albert Dahlke, the manager of Carnarvon Station, and Sam Johnson, an Aboriginal tracker. On the morning of Sunday 30 March 1902, the police party surprised the Kenniffs, who were camping at Lethbridge's Pocket, and took James into custody but Patrick managed to escape. Sam Johnson was sent to collect the police pack horses so they could start in pursuit of Patrick Kenniff. However, on his return, he found Doyle and Dahlke were nowhere to be seen, and he was chased by the Kenniffs as he fled for help. A later search located the camp site, showing considerable evidence that a gun fight had occurred. Constable Doyle's horse was located and the saddle bags were found to contain approximately 200 pounds of charcoal that was later identified as burnt human remains, including some personal belongings of Doyle and Dahlke.[1] It became apparent that the Kenniffs had burnt the bodies of Doyle and Dahlke with the intention of disposing of their ashes, in an attempt to conceal evidence of the crime.[2]

A reward of £1,000 and a large police manhunt was organised. Three months later, the brothers were captured on 23 June at Arrest Creek, south of Mitchell.[3]

The Kenniff brothers were committed for trial to the Supreme Court in Brisbane, for the wilful murder of Constable George Doyle and Albert Dahlke. Doyle's Aboriginal tracker, Sam Johnson, did not see the actual murders, but he testified that he heard shooting and, when he neared the arrest scene, the Kenniffs pursued him, but he escaped.[4] On Saturday 8 November 1902, both Patrick and James Kenniff were found guilty of murder and the judge Samuel Griffith sentenced them to death by hanging.[5]

In December, the court heard the appeal against the convictions. On 9 December 1902, four appeal judges upheld the conviction against Patrick Kenniff but only three of the four judges upheld the conviction against James Kenniff with Justice Patrick Real dissenting.[6] The Kenniffs then sought to appeal to the Privy Council and a benefit concert was held on 29 December to raise funds for the appeal. Joe Lesina, a Labour Member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly for Clermont, spoke at the concert saying the evidence was not strong enough to hang the two men.[7] On 1 January 1903 it was announced that the Executive Council of the Queensland Government had decided that Patrick Kenniff was to be hung on Monday 12 January, while James Kenniff's sentence was reduced to life imprisonment with hard labour.[8] The Kenniff's solicitors decided to pursue the Privy Council appeal only for James Kenniff, as Patrick Kenniff would be already executed.[9]

Despite a number of public meetings and deputations to the Queensland Governor to postpone Patrick Kenniff's execution,[10][11][12][13] he was hanged on 12 January 1903 at the Boggo Road Gaol.[14][15] Although it was normal practice for prisoners executed at Boggo Road Gaol to be buried in the simplest way in unconsecrated ground in South Brisbane Cemetery, at the request of Kenniff family, it was permitted for the family to provide the coffin and a hearse, although the burial would still occur in unconsecrated ground. The coffin was polished cedar with silver mountings with religious symbols. A funeral procession of the hearse, the mourning coaches and approximately 30 other vehicles accompanied by people walking (an estimate of 400 people all together) made its way to the cemetery, where Patrick Keniff was buried with Roman Catholic rites by Father Michael Baldwin.[16]

After Kenniff's execution, it was reported that the cost to the government of the capture of the Kenniffs was £2911/17/8 and of the trial £690/5/2, a total of £3601/2/10.[16]

James served twelve years. He died in Charters Towers on 8 October 1940 from cancer.[17]

References

  1. ↑ "LATEST PARTICULARS.". The St. George Standard And Balonne Advertiser. XXV, (15). Queensland, Australia. 11 April 1902. p. 4. Retrieved 11 June 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  2. ↑ "ROLL OF HONOUR 1889 - 1903". Queensland Police. Archived from the original on 1 June 2017. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
  3. ↑ "THE KENNIFFS CAPTURED". Darling Downs Gazette. XLIV, (10,550). Queensland, Australia. 24 June 1902. p. 3. Retrieved 10 June 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  4. ↑ (8 September 2011) Jol Admin.Patrick and James Kenniff: Australia's last bushrangers. State Library of Queensland. Retrieved 9 February 2014.
  5. ↑ "TERMINATION OF THE KENNIFF TRIAL.". The Brisbane Courier. LIX, (13,987). Queensland, Australia. 10 November 1902. p. 5. Retrieved 10 June 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  6. ↑ "THE KENNIFF CASE.". The Telegraph (9,378). Queensland, Australia. 10 December 1902. p. 2 (SECOND EDITION). Retrieved 10 June 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  7. ↑ "The 'Kenniffs.". The Telegraph (9,394). Queensland, Australia. 30 December 1902. p. 5 (SECOND EDITION). Retrieved 10 June 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  8. ↑ "THE KENNIFF CASE—EXECUTIVE COUNCIL'S DECISION.". The Brisbane Courier. LIX, (14,031). Queensland, Australia. 1 January 1903. p. 4. Retrieved 10 June 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  9. ↑ "THE KENNIFFS.". The Brisbane Courier. LIX, (14,033). Queensland, Australia. 3 January 1903. p. 6. Retrieved 10 June 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  10. ↑ "Kenniff Agitation.". The Telegraph (9,403). Queensland, Australia. 9 January 1903. p. 4 (SECOND EDITION). Retrieved 11 June 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  11. ↑ "The Kenniffs.". Gympie Times And Mary River Mining Gazette. XXXV, (4471). Queensland, Australia. 10 January 1903. p. 3. Retrieved 11 June 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  12. ↑ "The Kenniffs.". Gympie Times And Mary River Mining Gazette. XXXV, (4471). Queensland, Australia. 10 January 1903. p. 3. Retrieved 11 June 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  13. ↑ "The Kenniffs.". Western Star And Roma Advertiser (2473). Queensland, Australia. 10 January 1903. p. 4. Retrieved 11 June 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  14. ↑ "Lethbridge Pocket Murder.". The Telegraph (9,405). Queensland, Australia. 12 January 1903. p. 5 (SECOND EDITION). Retrieved 11 June 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  15. ↑ Kenniff Patrick — Brisbane City Council Grave Location Search. Retrieved 11 July 2014.
  16. 1 2 "Execution of Pat. Kenniff.". Warwick Examiner And Times. 37, (4704). Queensland, Australia. 14 January 1903. p. 3. Retrieved 11 June 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  17. ↑ Kenniff, Patrick (1863–1903). Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 9 February 2014.

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