Kasei Valles

Kasei Valles

Area around Northern Kasei Valles, showing relationships among Kasei Valles, Bahram Vallis, Vedra Valles, Maumee Valles, and Maja Valles. Map location is in Lunae Palus quadrangle. Flow was from bottom left to right. Image is approx. 1600 km across, and the channel system extends another 1200 km south of this image to Echus Chasma.
Coordinates 24°36′N 65°00′W / 24.6°N 65.0°W / 24.6; -65.0Coordinates: 24°36′N 65°00′W / 24.6°N 65.0°W / 24.6; -65.0
Naming "Mars" in Japanese

Kasei Valles is a giant system of canyons in Mare Acidalium and Lunae Palus quadrangles on Mars, located at 24.6° north latitude and 65.0° west longitude. It is 1,780 km long and was named for the word for "Mars" in Japanese.[1] Kasei Valles is one of the largest outflow channels on Mars.

Geography

Area around Northern Kasei Valles in Mars Express images.

This huge system is 300 miles wide in some places. In contrast, Earth's Grand Canyon is only 18 miles wide.[2] It is one of the longest continuous outflow channels on Mars. The Kasei Valles system begins in Echus Chasma, near Valles Marineris. It then runs northward, and appears to empty into Chryse Planitia, not far from where Viking 1 landed. At around 20° north latitude Kasei Valles splits into two channels, called Kasei Vallis Canyon and North Kasei Channel. These branches recombine at around 63° west longitude, forming a large island in the channel known as Sacra Mensa. Some parts of Kasei Valles are 2–3 km deep.[3]

Like other outflow channels, it was likely carved by liquid water, possibly released by volcanic subsurface heating in the Tharsis region, either as a one-time catastrophic event or multiple flooding events over a long time period. Others have proposed that certain landforms were produced by glacial rather than liquid flow.[4]

Three sets of enormous cataracts (dry falls) are present in the area between an "island" feature in the southern channel, Lunae Mensae, and the crater Sharonov.[5][6] These cataracts, evidently carved during megaflooding events, have headwalls up to 400 m high[6] and are considerably larger than the largest terrestrial analog, Dry Falls.[5] They may have migrated over 100 km upstream during the era of flooding in Kasei Valles.[5]

References

  1. ↑ http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov
  2. ↑ http://hiroc.lpl.arizona.edu/images/PSP/diafotizo.php?ID=PSP_001640_2125
  3. ↑ Baker, V. 1982. The Channels of Mars. University of Texas Press. Austin
  4. ↑ http://themis.asu.edu/zoom-20050427a
  5. 1 2 3 Coleman, N. (March 2010). "Spectacular cataracts (dry falls) on the floor of Kasei Valles, Mars". 41st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Lunar and Planetary Institute. p. 1174. 1533. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  6. 1 2 Coleman, N.; Lindberg, S. (March 2013). "New insights about cataracts (dry falls) on the floor of Kasei Valles, Mars". 44th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Lunar and Planetary Institute. p. 1148. 1719. Retrieved 2013-11-17.

See also


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