Ka (Javanese)

For a more general overview encompassing other Indic scripts, see Ka (Indic)
ꦏ
ka
Aksara nglegenaAksara pasangan
Javanese script
Latin orthographyka
Phoneme[k]
UnicodeU+A98F

ꦏ is one of syllable in Javanese script that represent the sound /kɔ/, /ka/. It is transliterated to Latin as "ka", and sometimes in Indonesian orthography as "ko". It has two other forms (pasangan), which are ◌꧀ꦏ and ◌꧀ꦏꦸ (if followed by 'ꦸ' and several other glyphs), but represented by a single Unicode code point, U+A98F.[1][2][3]

Pasangan

It's pasangan form ◌꧀ꦏ, is located on the bottom side of the previous syllable. For example, ꦲꦤꦏ꧀ꦏꦺ - anake (his/her child), which, although transliterated with a single 'k', is written using double 'ꦏ' because the rootword ('anak', child) ends in 'ꦏ'.

The pasangan has two forms, the other is used when the pasangan is followed by 'ꦸ', 'ꦹ', 'ꦿ', 'ꦽ', or 'ꦾ'. For example, ꦲꦤꦏ꧀ꦏꦸ - anakku (my child)

Extended form

The letter ꦏ has a murda form, which is ꦑ.

Using cecak telu (ꦏ꦳), the syllable represents Arabic ح‎ (/ħ/ or /x/).

ꦏ with a cerek (ꦐ) is called Ka sasak.

Glyphs

Nglegena formsPasangan forms
ꦏ ka ꦏꦃ kah ꦏꦁ kang ꦏꦂ kar ◌꧀ꦏ -ka ◌꧀ꦏꦃ -kah ◌꧀ꦏꦁ -kang ◌꧀ꦏꦂ -kar
ꦏꦺ ke ꦏꦺꦃ keh ꦏꦺꦁ keng ꦏꦺꦂ ker ◌꧀ꦏꦺ -ke ◌꧀ꦏꦺꦃ -keh ◌꧀ꦏꦺꦁ -keng ◌꧀ꦏꦺꦂ -ker
ꦏꦼ kê ꦏꦼꦃ kêh ꦏꦼꦁ kêng ꦏꦼꦂ kêr ◌꧀ꦏꦼ -kê ◌꧀ꦏꦼꦃ -kêh ◌꧀ꦏꦼꦁ -kêng ◌꧀ꦏꦼꦂ -kêr
ꦏꦶ ki ꦏꦶꦃ kih ꦏꦶꦁ king ꦏꦶꦂ kir ◌꧀ꦏꦶ -ki ◌꧀ꦏꦶꦃ -kih ◌꧀ꦏꦶꦁ -king ◌꧀ꦏꦶꦂ -kir
ꦏꦺꦴ ko ꦏꦺꦴꦃ koh ꦏꦺꦴꦁ kong ꦏꦺꦴꦂ kor ◌꧀ꦏꦺꦴ -ko ◌꧀ꦏꦺꦴꦃ -koh ◌꧀ꦏꦺꦴꦁ -kong ◌꧀ꦏꦺꦴꦂ -kor
ꦏꦸ ku ꦏꦸꦃ kuh ꦏꦸꦁ kung ꦏꦸꦂ kur ◌꧀ꦏꦸ -ku ◌꧀ꦏꦸꦃ -kuh ◌꧀ꦏꦸꦁ -kung ◌꧀ꦏꦸꦂ -kur
ꦏꦿ kra ꦏꦿꦃ krah ꦏꦿꦁ krang ꦏꦿꦂ krar ◌꧀ꦏꦿ -kra ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦃ -krah ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦁ -krang ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦂ -krar
ꦏꦿꦺ kre ꦏꦿꦺꦃ kreh ꦏꦿꦺꦁ kreng ꦏꦿꦺꦂ krer ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺ -kre ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺꦃ -kreh ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺꦁ -kreng ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺꦂ -krer
ꦏꦽ krê ꦏꦽꦃ krêh ꦏꦽꦁ krêng ꦏꦽꦂ krêr ◌꧀ꦏꦽ -krê ◌꧀ꦏꦽꦃ -krêh ◌꧀ꦏꦽꦁ -krêng ◌꧀ꦏꦽꦂ -krêr
ꦏꦿꦶ kri ꦏꦿꦶꦃ krih ꦏꦿꦶꦁ kring ꦏꦿꦶꦂ krir ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦶ -kri ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦶꦃ -krih ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦶꦁ -kring ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦶꦂ -krir
ꦏꦿꦺꦴ kro ꦏꦿꦺꦴꦃ kroh ꦏꦿꦺꦴꦁ krong ꦏꦿꦺꦴꦂ kror ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺꦴ -kro ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺꦴꦃ -kroh ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺꦴꦁ -krong ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺꦴꦂ -kror
ꦏꦿꦸ kru ꦏꦿꦸꦃ kruh ꦏꦿꦸꦁ krung ꦏꦿꦸꦂ krur ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦸ -kru ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦸꦃ -kruh ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦸꦁ -krung ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦸꦂ -krur
ꦏꦾ kya ꦏꦾꦃ kyah ꦏꦾꦁ kyang ꦏꦾꦂ kyar ◌꧀ꦏꦾ -kya ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦃ -kyah ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦁ -kyang ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦂ -kyar
ꦏꦾꦺ kye ꦏꦾꦺꦃ kyeh ꦏꦾꦺꦁ kyeng ꦏꦾꦺꦂ kyer ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺ -kye ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺꦃ -kyeh ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺꦁ -kyeng ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺꦂ -kyer
ꦏꦾꦼ kyê ꦏꦾꦼꦃ kyêh ꦏꦾꦼꦁ kyêng ꦏꦾꦼꦂ kyêr ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦼ -kyê ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦼꦃ -kyêh ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦼꦁ -kyêng ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦼꦂ -kyêr
ꦏꦾꦶ kyi ꦏꦾꦶꦃ kyih ꦏꦾꦶꦁ kying ꦏꦾꦶꦂ kyir ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦶ -kyi ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦶꦃ -kyih ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦶꦁ -kying ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦶꦂ -kyir
ꦏꦾꦺꦴ kyo ꦏꦾꦺꦴꦃ kyoh ꦏꦾꦺꦴꦁ kyong ꦏꦾꦺꦴꦂ kyor ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺꦴ -kyo ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺꦴꦃ -kyoh ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺꦴꦁ -kyong ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺꦴꦂ -kyor
ꦏꦾꦸ kyu ꦏꦾꦸꦃ kyuh ꦏꦾꦸꦁ kyung ꦏꦾꦸꦂ kyur ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦸ -kyu ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦸꦃ -kyuh ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦸꦁ -kyung ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦸꦂ -kyur
Other forms
Nglegena formsPasangan forms
ꦏ꦳ kha ꦏ꦳ꦃ khah ꦏ꦳ꦁ khang ꦏ꦳ꦂ khar ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ -kha ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦃ -khah ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦁ -khang ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦂ -khar
ꦏ꦳ꦺ khe ꦏ꦳ꦺꦃ kheh ꦏ꦳ꦺꦁ kheng ꦏ꦳ꦺꦂ kher ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺ -khe ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺꦃ -kheh ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺꦁ -kheng ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺꦂ -kher
ꦏ꦳ꦼ khê ꦏ꦳ꦼꦃ khêh ꦏ꦳ꦼꦁ khêng ꦏ꦳ꦼꦂ khêr ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦼ -khê ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦼꦃ -khêh ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦼꦁ -khêng ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦼꦂ -khêr
ꦏ꦳ꦶ khi ꦏ꦳ꦶꦃ khih ꦏ꦳ꦶꦁ khing ꦏ꦳ꦶꦂ khir ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦶ -khi ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦶꦃ -khih ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦶꦁ -khing ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦶꦂ -khir
ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴ kho ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴꦃ khoh ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴꦁ khong ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴꦂ khor ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴ -kho ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴꦃ -khoh ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴꦁ -khong ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴꦂ -khor
ꦏ꦳ꦸ khu ꦏ꦳ꦸꦃ khuh ꦏ꦳ꦸꦁ khung ꦏ꦳ꦸꦂ khur ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦸ -khu ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦸꦃ -khuh ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦸꦁ -khung ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦸꦂ -khur
ꦏ꦳ꦿ khra ꦏ꦳ꦿꦃ khrah ꦏ꦳ꦿꦁ khrang ꦏ꦳ꦿꦂ khrar ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿ -khra ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦃ -khrah ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦁ -khrang ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦂ -khrar
ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺ khre ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦃ khreh ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦁ khreng ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦂ khrer ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺ -khre ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦃ -khreh ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦁ -khreng ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦂ -khrer
ꦏ꦳ꦽ khrê ꦏ꦳ꦽꦃ khrêh ꦏ꦳ꦽꦁ khrêng ꦏ꦳ꦽꦂ khrêr ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦽ -khrê ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦽꦃ -khrêh ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦽꦁ -khrêng ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦽꦂ -khrêr
ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶ khri ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶꦃ khrih ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶꦁ khring ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶꦂ khrir ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶ -khri ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶꦃ -khrih ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶꦁ -khring ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶꦂ -khrir
ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴ khro ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦃ khroh ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦁ khrong ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦂ khror ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴ -khro ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦃ -khroh ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦁ -khrong ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦂ -khror
ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸ khru ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸꦃ khruh ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸꦁ khrung ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸꦂ khrur ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸ -khru ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸꦃ -khruh ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸꦁ -khrung ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸꦂ -khrur
ꦏ꦳ꦾ khyaꦏ꦳ꦾꦃ khyahꦏ꦳ꦾꦁ khyangꦏ꦳ꦾꦂ khyar ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾ -khya ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦃ -khyah ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦁ -khyang ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦂ -khyar
ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺ khyeꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦃ khyehꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦁ khyengꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦂ khyer ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺ -khye ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦃ -khyeh ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦁ -khyeng ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦂ -khyer
ꦏ꦳ꦾꦼ khyêꦏ꦳ꦾꦼꦃ khyêhꦏ꦳ꦾꦼꦁ khyêngꦏ꦳ꦾꦼꦂ khyêr ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦼ -khyê ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦼꦃ -khyêh ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦼꦁ -khyêng ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦼꦂ -khyêr
ꦏ꦳ꦾꦶ khyiꦏ꦳ꦾꦶꦃ khyihꦏ꦳ꦾꦶꦁ khyingꦏ꦳ꦾꦶꦂ khyir ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦶ -khyi ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦶꦃ -khyih ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦶꦁ -khying ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦶꦂ -khyir
ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴ khyoꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦃ khyohꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦁ khyongꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦂ khyor ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴ -khyo ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦃ -khyoh ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦁ -khyong ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦂ -khyor
ꦏ꦳ꦾꦸ khyuꦏ꦳ꦾꦸꦃ khyuhꦏ꦳ꦾꦸꦁ khyungꦏ꦳ꦾꦸꦂ khyur ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦸ -khyu ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦸꦃ -khyuh ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦸꦁ -khyung ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦸꦂ -khyur

Unicode block

Javanese script was added to the Unicode Standard in October, 2009 with the release of version 5.2.

Javanese[1][2]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
U+A98x ꦀ ꦁ ꦂ ꦃ ꦄ ꦅ ꦆ ꦇ ꦈ ꦉ ꦊ ꦋ ꦌ ꦍ ꦎ ꦏ
U+A99x ꦐ ꦑ ꦒ ꦓ ꦔ ꦕ ꦖ ꦗ ꦘ ꦙ ꦚ ꦛ ꦜ ꦝ ꦞ ꦟ
U+A9Ax ꦠ ꦡ ꦢ ꦣ ꦤ ꦥ ꦦ ꦧ ꦨ ꦩ ꦪ ꦫ ꦬ ꦭ ꦮ ꦯ
U+A9Bx ꦰ ꦱ ꦲ ꦳ ꦴ ꦵ ꦶ ꦷ ꦸ ꦹ ꦺ ꦻ ꦼ ꦽ ꦾ ꦿ
U+A9Cx ꧀ ꧁ ꧂ ꧃ ꧄ ꧅ ꧆ ꧇ ꧈ ꧉ ꧊ ꧋ ꧌ ꧍ ꧏ
U+A9Dx ꧐ ꧑ ꧒ ꧓ ꧔ ꧕ ꧖ ꧗ ꧘ ꧙ ꧞ ꧟
Notes
1.^ As of Unicode version 10.0
2.^ Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points

See also

References

  1. ↑ Campbell, George L. Compendium of the World's Languages. Vol. 1. New York: Routledge, 2000.
  2. ↑ Soemarmo, Marmo. "Javanese Script." Ohio Working Papers in Linguistics and Language Teaching 14.Winter (1995): 69-103.
  3. ↑ Daniels, Peter T and William Bright. The World's Writing Systems. Ed. Peter T Daniels and William Bright. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.


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