KOI-7

KOI-7 (КОИ-7) is a 7-bit character encoding, designed to cover Russian, which uses the Cyrillic alphabet.

In Russian, KOI-7 stands for Kod Obmena Informatsiey, 7 bit (Код Обмена Информацией, 7 бит) which means "Code for Information Exchange, 7 bit".^[1]

Shift Out (SO) and Shift In (SI) control characters are used in KOI-7, where SO starts printing Russian letters (KOI-7 N1), and SI starts printing Latin letters again (KOI-7 N0), or for lowercase and uppercase switching. This version is also known as KOI7-switched aka csKOI7switched.^[2]^[3]

On ISO 2022 compatible computer terminals KOI7-switched can be activated by the escape sequence ESC ( @ ESC ) N LS0.^[2]

KOI-7 was used on machines like the SM EVM (СМ ЭВМ) and DVK (ДВК); KOI-7 N2 was utilized in the machine-language of the Электроника Д3-28 (Elektronika D3-28) as four-digit hexadecimal code, БЭСМ-6 (BESM-6), where it was called ВКД, internal data code). The encodings were also used on RSX-11, RT-11 and similar systems.^[4]

KOI-7 N0

KOI-7 N0^[2] (КОИ-7 Н0^[1]) is identical to the IRV set in ISO 646:1983.^[2] Compared to US-ASCII, the dollar sign ("$") at codepoint 24_hex) was replaced by the universal currency sign "¤", but this wasn't maintained in all cases, in particular not after the fall of the Iron Curtain. Likewise, the IRV set in ISO/IEC 646:1991 also changed the character back to a dollar sign.

Legend:

Alphabetic

Control character

Numeric digit

Punctuation

Extended punctuation

Graphic character

International

Undefined

KOI-7 N0
	_0	_1	_2	_3	_4	_5	_6	_7	_8	_9	_A	_B	_C	_D	_E	_F
0_	NUL 0000 0	SOH 0001 1	STX 0002 2	ETX 0003 3	EOT 0004 4	ENQ 0005 5	ACK 0006 6	BEL 0007 7	BS 0008 8	HT 0009 9	LF 000A 10	VT 000B 11	FF 000C 12	CR 000D 13	SO 000E 14	SI 000F 15
1_	DLE 0010 16	DC1 0011 17	DC2 0012 18	DC3 0013 19	DC4 0014 20	NAK 0015 21	SYN 0016 22	ETB 0017 23	CAN 0018 24	EM 0019 25	SUB 001A 26	ESC 001B 27	FS 001C 28	GS 001D 29	RS 001E 30	US 001F 31
2_	SP 0020 32	! 0021 33	" 0022 34	# 0023 35	¤ ($) 00A4 (0024) 36	% 0025 37	& 0026 38	' 0027 39	( 0028 40	) 0029 41	* 002A 42	+ 002B 43	, 002C 44	- 002D 45	. 002E 46	/ 002F 47
3_	0 0030 48	1 0031 49	2 0032 50	3 0033 51	4 0034 52	5 0035 53	6 0036 54	7 0037 55	8 0038 56	9 0039 57	: 003A 58	; 003B 59	< 003C 60	= 003D 61	> 003E 62	? 003F 63
4_	@ 0040 64	A 0041 65	B 0042 66	C 0043 67	D 0044 68	E 0045 69	F 0046 70	G 0047 71	H 0048 72	I 0049 73	J 004A 74	K 004B 75	L 004C 76	M 004D 77	N 004E 78	O 004F 79
5_	P 0050 80	Q 0051 81	R 0052 82	S 0053 83	T 0054 84	U 0055 85	V 0056 86	W 0057 87	X 0058 88	Y 0059 89	Z 005A 90	[ 005B 91	\ 005C 92	] 005D 93	^ 005E 94	_ 005F 95
6_	` 0060 96	a 0061 97	b 0062 98	c 0063 99	d 0064 100	e 0065 101	f 0066 102	g 0067 103	h 0068 104	i 0069 105	j 006A 106	k 006B 107	l 006C 108	m 006D 109	n 006E 110	o 006F 111
7_	p 0070 112	q 0071 113	r 0072 114	s 0073 115	t 0074 116	u 0075 117	v 0076 118	w 0077 119	x 0078 120	y 0079 121	z 007A 122	{ 007B 123	\| 007C 124	} 007D 125	~ 007E 126	DEL 007F 127

KOI-7 N1

KOI-7 N1 (КОИ-7 Н1^[1]) was first standardized in GOST 13052,^[5]^[6]^[7] and later also in ISO 5427.^[2] It is sometimes referred to as "koi-0" as well.^[6]

Compared to ASCII and ISO 646 uppercase and lowercase letters are swapped in order to make it easier to recognize Russian text when presented using ASCII.^[6]

To trim the alphabet into chunks of 32 characters the dotted Ё/ë was dropped.^[6] In order to avoid conflicts with ASCII's and ISO 646's definition as DEL and its usage as EOF marker (-1) in some systems, it dropped the "CAPITAL HARD SIGN" Ъ that would have naturally resided at this location.^[6]

In a Bulgarian variant the unnecessary Russian "CAPITAL YERY" Ы at codepoint 121 was replaced by the "CAPITAL HARD SIGN" Ъ.^[6]

Legend:

Alphabetic

Control character

Numeric digit

Punctuation

Extended punctuation

Graphic character

International

Undefined

KOI-7 N1^[7]
	_0	_1	_2	_3	_4	_5	_6	_7	_8	_9	_A	_B	_C	_D	_E	_F
0_	NUL 0000 0	SOH 0001 1	STX 0002 2	ETX 0003 3	EOT 0004 4	ENQ 0005 5	ACK 0006 6	BEL 0007 7	BS 0008 8	HT 0009 9	LF 000A 10	VT 000B 11	FF 000C 12	CR 000D 13	SO 000E 14	SI 000F 15
1_	DLE 0010 16	DC1 0011 17	DC2 0012 18	DC3 0013 19	DC4 0014 20	NAK 0015 21	SYN 0016 22	ETB 0017 23	CAN 0018 24	EM 0019 25	SUB 001A 26	ESC 001B 27	FS 001C 28	GS 001D 29	RS 001E 30	US 001F 31
2_	SP 0020 32	! 0021 33	" 0022 34	# 0023 35	¤ ($) 00A4 (0024) 36	% 0025 37	& 0026 38	' 0027 39	( 0028 40	) 0029 41	* 002A 42	+ 002B 43	, 002C 44	- 002D 45	. 002E 46	/ 002F 47
3_	0 0030 48	1 0031 49	2 0032 50	3 0033 51	4 0034 52	5 0035 53	6 0036 54	7 0037 55	8 0038 56	9 0039 57	: 003A 58	; 003B 59	< 003C 60	= 003D 61	> 003E 62	? 003F 63
4_	ю 044E 64	а 0430 65	б 0431 66	ц 0446 67	д 0434 68	е 0435 69	ф 0444 70	г 0433 71	х 0445 72	и 0438 73	й 0439 74	к 043A 75	л 043B 76	м 043C 77	н 043D 78	о 043E 79
5_	п 043F 80	я 044F 81	р 0440 82	с 0441 83	т 0442 84	у 0443 85	ж 0436 86	в 0432 87	ь 044C 88	ы 044B 89	з 0437 90	ш 0448 91	э 044D 92	щ 0449 93	ч 0447 94	ъ 044A 95
6_	Ю 042E 96	А 0410 97	Б 0411 98	Ц 0426 99	Д 0414 100	Е 0415 101	Ф 0424 102	Г 0413 103	Х 0425 104	И 0418 105	Й 0419 106	К 041A 107	Л 041B 108	М 041C 109	Н 041D 110	О 041E 111
7_	П 041F 112	Я 042F 113	Р 0420 114	С 0421 115	Т 0422 116	У 0423 117	Ж 0416 118	В 0412 119	Ь 042C 120	Ы (Ъ) 042B (042A) 121	З 0417 122	Ш 0428 123	Э 042D 124	Щ 0429 125	Ч 0427 126	DEL 007F 127

KOI-7 N2

KOI-7 N2 (КОИ-7 Н2^[1]) GOST 19768-74^[7]

Kermit names it SHORT-KOI / short-koi.^[8]^[9]

Legend:

Alphabetic

Control character

Numeric digit

Punctuation

Extended punctuation

Graphic character

International

Undefined

KOI-7 N2^[7]^[9]
	_0	_1	_2	_3	_4	_5	_6	_7	_8	_9	_A	_B	_C	_D	_E	_F
0_	NUL 0000 0	SOH 0001 1	STX 0002 2	ETX 0003 3	EOT 0004 4	ENQ 0005 5	ACK 0006 6	BEL 0007 7	BS 0008 8	HT 0009 9	LF 000A 10	VT 000B 11	FF 000C 12	CR 000D 13	SO 000E 14	SI 000F 15
1_	DLE 0010 16	DC1 0011 17	DC2 0012 18	DC3 0013 19	DC4 0014 20	NAK 0015 21	SYN 0016 22	ETB 0017 23	CAN 0018 24	EM 0019 25	SUB 001A 26	ESC 001B 27	FS 001C 28	GS 001D 29	RS 001E 30	US 001F 31
2_	SP 0020 32	! 0021 33	" 0022 34	# 0023 35	¤^[7] ($^[9]) 00A4 (0024) 36	% 0025 37	& 0026 38	' 0027 39	( 0028 40	) 0029 41	* 002A 42	+ 002B 43	, 002C 44	- 002D 45	. 002E 46	/ 002F 47
3_	0 0030 48	1 0031 49	2 0032 50	3 0033 51	4 0034 52	5 0035 53	6 0036 54	7 0037 55	8 0038 56	9 0039 57	: 003A 58	; 003B 59	< 003C 60	= 003D 61	> 003E 62	? 003F 63
4_	@ 0040 64	A 0041 65	B 0042 66	C 0043 67	D 0044 68	E 0045 69	F 0046 70	G 0047 71	H 0048 72	I 0049 73	J 004A 74	K 004B 75	L 004C 76	M 004D 77	N 004E 78	O 004F 79
5_	P 0050 80	Q 0051 81	R 0052 82	S 0053 83	T 0054 84	U 0055 85	V 0056 86	W 0057 87	X 0058 88	Y 0059 89	Z 005A 90	[ 005B 91	\ 005C 92	] 005D 93	↑ (^^[7]^[9]) 2191 (005E) 94	_ 005F 95
6_	Ю 042E 96	А 0410 97	Б 0411 98	Ц 0426 99	Д 0414 100	Е 0415 101	Ф 0424 102	Г 0413 103	Х 0425 104	И 0418 105	Й 0419 106	К 041A 107	Л 041B 108	М 041C 109	Н 041D 110	О 041E 111
7_	П 041F 112	Я 042F 113	Р 0420 114	С 0421 115	Т 0422 116	У 0423 117	Ж 0416 118	В 0412 119	Ь 042C 120	Ы 042B 121	З 0417 122	Ш 0428 123	Э 042D 124	Щ 0429 125	Ч 0427 126	DEL 007F 127

References

1 2 3 4 ГОСТ 27463-87. Системы обработки информации. 7-битные кодированные наборы символов (с Изменением N 1) [GOST 27463-87. Information processing systems. 7-bit coded character sets] (in Russian). Госстандарт СССР. 1987-10-29. Archived from the original on 2016-12-02. Retrieved 2016-12-02.
1 2 3 4 5 Sokolov, Michael (2004-01-23). "Charset name: KOI7-switched". International Free Computing Task Force (IFCTF). Archived from the original on 2016-12-02. Retrieved 2016-12-02.
↑ Freed, Ned; Dürst, Martin, eds. (2013-12-20). "Character Sets". RFC2978. Archived from the original on 2016-12-03. Retrieved 2016-12-03.
↑ Nechayev, Valentin (2013) [2001]. "Review of 8-bit Cyrillic encodings universe". Archived from the original on 2016-12-05. Retrieved 2016-12-05.
↑ Clews, John (1988). Language Automation Worldwide - The Development of Character Set Standards (1 ed.). Sesame Computer Projects. ISBN 1-87009501-4. ISBN 978-1-87009501-3.
1 2 3 4 5 6 Czyborra, Roman (1998-11-30) [1998-05-25]. "The Cyrillic Charset Soup". Archived from the original on 2016-12-03. Retrieved 2016-12-03.
1 2 3 4 5 6 Hohlov, Yu. E. "Cyrillic Information Representation in Electronic Form - Character Set (Code Page) Tables". Archived from the original on 2016-12-05. Retrieved 2016-12-05.
↑ da Cruz, Frank (2010-04-02). "Kermit and MIME Character-Set Names". The Kermit Project. Columbia University, New York, USA. Archived from the original on 2016-12-02. Retrieved 2016-12-02.
1 2 3 4 "SHORT KOI (KOI-7)". Kermit. Columbia University. Retrieved 2017-02-17.

ISO/IEC 8859-5
- 915
- 1124
- 28595
DOS
- 771
- 772/1119
- 777
- 855
  - €:872
- 866/900
  - €:808
- 885
Windows
- 1169
- 1251
Macintosh
- Cyrillic
  - 1283
  - 10007
- Ukrainian
  - 10017
EBCDIC
- 410
- 880/20880
- 1025/21025
  - €:1154
  - €:1166
- 1123
  - €:1158
- DKOI
  - DKOI-K1
  - DKOI-K2
Multibyte
- GB 2312
- JIS
- Shift JIS
- Unicode
- ISO/IEC 10646

National

Russian	Morse GOST 10859 KOI7 KOI7 N0 KOI7 N1 KOI7 N2 KOI8-R 878/20866
East Slavic	1123 €:1158 1125 €:848 1131 €:849 KOI8-U 1168/21866 KOI8-RU 1167 Macintosh Ukrainian 10017
South Slavic	MIK YUSCII SLOSCII CROSCII SRPSCII MAKSCII
Other	AV OV Cornell KOI8-A KOI8-B KOI8-C (Central Asian) KOI8-E KOI8-F KOI8-K1 KOI8-O (Old) KOI8-T (Tajik) U-Code

Character encodings
Early telecommunications	ASCII ISO/IEC 646 ISO/IEC 6937 T.61 BCDIC Baudot code Morse code Telegraph code Wabun code Special telegraphy codes Non-Latin Chinese Cyrillic Needle telegraph codes
ISO/IEC 8859	-1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -10 -11 -12 -13 -14 -15 -16
Bibliographic use	ANSEL ISO 5426 / 5426-2 / 5427 / 5428 / 6438 / 6861 / 6862 / 10585 / 10586 / 10754 / 11822 MARC-8
National standards	ArmSCII BraSCII CNS 11643 ELOT 927 GOST 10859 GB 18030 HKSCS ISCII JIS X 0201 JIS X 0208 JIS X 0212 JIS X 0213 KOI-7 KPS 9566 KS X 1001 PASCII SI 960 TIS-620 TSCII VISCII YUSCII
EUC	CN JP KR TW
ISO/IEC 2022	CN JP KR CCCII
MacOS code pages ("scripts")	Arabic Celtic CentEuro ChineseSimp / EUC-CN ChineseTrad / Big5 Croatian Cyrillic Devanagari Dingbats Esperanto Farsi Gaelic Greek Gujarati Gurmukhi Hebrew Iceland Japanese / ShiftJIS Korean / EUC-KR Latin-1 Roman Romanian Sámi Symbol Thai / TIS-620 Turkish Ukrainian
DOS code pages	100 111 112 113 151 152 161 162 163 164 165 166 210 220 301 437 449 489 620 667 668 707 708 709 710 711 714 715 720 721 737 768 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 790 850 851 852 853 854 855/872 856 857 858 859 860 861 862 863 864/17248 865 866/808 867 868 869 874/1161/1162 876 877 878 881 882 883 884 885 891 895 896 897 898 899 900 903 904 906 907 909 910 911 926 927 928 929 932 934 936 938 941 942 943 944 946 947 948 949 950/1370 951 966 991 1034 1039 1040 1041 1042 1043 1044 1046 1086 1088 1092 1093 1098 1108 1109 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1125/848 1126 1127 1131/849 1139 1167 1168 1300 1351 1361 1362 1363 1372 1373 1374 1375 1380 1381 1385 1386 1391 1392 1393 1394 Kamenický Mazovia CWI-2 KOI8 MIK Iran System
IBM AIX code pages	367 371 806 813 819 895 896 912 913 914 915 916 919 920 921/901 922/902 923 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 963 964 965 970 971 1004 1006 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1029 1036 1089 1111 1124 1129/1163 1133 1350 1382 1383
IBM Apple MacIntosh emulations	1275 1280 1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286
IBM Adobe emulations	1038 1276 1277
IBM DEC emulations	1020 1021 1023 1090 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1287 1288
IBM HP emulations	1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058
Windows code pages	CER-GS 874/1162 (TIS-620) 932/943 (Shift JIS) 936/1386 (GBK) 950/1370 (Big5) 949/1363 (EUC-KR) 1169 1174 Extended Latin-8 1200 (UTF-16LE) 1201 (UTF-16BE) 1250 1251 1252 1253 1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1259 1261 1270 54936 (GB18030)
EBCDIC code pages	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37/1140 38 39 40 251 252 254 256 257 258 259 260 264 273/1141 274 275 276 277/1142 278/1143 279 280/1144 281 282 283 284/1145 285/1146 286 287 288 289 290 293 297/1147 298 300 310 320 321 322 330 351 352 353 355 357 358 359 360 361 363 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 410 420/16804 421 423 424/8616/12712 425 435 500/1148 803 829 833 834 835 836 837 838/838 839 870/1110/1153 871/1149 875/4971/9067 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 892 893 905 918 924 930/1390 931 933/1364 935/1388 937/1371 939/1399 1001 1002 1003 1005 1007 1024 1025/1154 1026/1155 1027 1028 1030 1031 1032 1033 1037 1047 1068 1069 1070 1071 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1087 1091 1097 1112/1156 1113 1122/1157 1123/1158 1130/1164 1132 1136 1137 1150 1151 1152 1159 1165 1166 1278 1279 1303 1364 1376 1377 JEF KEIS
Platform specific	Acorn Adobe Standard Apple II ATASCII Atari ST BICS Casio calculators CDC CPC DEC Radix-50 DEC MCS/NRCS DG International ELWRO-Junior FIELDATA GEM GEOS GSM 03.38 HP Roman Extension HP Roman-8 HP Roman-9 HP calculators LICS LMBCS MSX NEC APC NeXT PCW PETSCII Sharp calculators TI calculators TRS-80 Ventura International Ventura Symbol WISCII XCCS ZX80 ZX81 ZX Spectrum
Unicode / ISO/IEC 10646	UTF-1 UTF-7 UTF-8 UTF-16 (UTF-16LE/UTF-16BE) / UCS-2 UTF-32 (UTF-32LE/UTF-32BE) / UCS-4 UTF-EBCDIC GB 18030 BOCU-1 CESU-8 SCSU
Miscellaneous code pages	ABICOMP APL ARIB STD-B24 Cork HZ INIS INIS-8 Johab LY1 OML OMS OT1 SEASCII TACE16 TRON UTF-5 UTF-6 WTF-8
Related topics	Code page Control character (C0 C1) CCSID Character encodings in HTML Charset detection Han unification Hardware ISO 6429/IEC 6429/ANSI X3.64 Mojibake
Character sets

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KOI-7

KOI-7 N0

KOI-7 N1

KOI-7 N2

See also

References

Further reading