Jurkat cells

Jurkat cells are an immortalized line of human T lymphocyte cells that are used to study acute T cell leukemia, T cell signaling, and the expression of various chemokine receptors susceptible to viral entry, particularly HIV. Jurkat cells are useful in science because of their ability to produce interleukin 2. Their primary use, however, is to determine the mechanism of differential susceptibility of cancers to drugs and radiation.

The Jurkat cell line (originally called JM) was established in the late 1970s from the peripheral blood of a 14-year-old boy with T cell leukemia.[1] Different derivatives of the Jurkat cell line that have been mutated to lack certain genes can now be obtained from cell culture banks.[2]

Examples of derivatives

Cell line contamination

Jurkat J6 cells have been found to produce a xenotropic murine leukemia virus (X-MLV) (referred to as XMRV) that could potentially affect experimental outcomes. There is no evidence that this virus can infect humans. This infection may also change the virulence and tropism of the virus by way of phenotypic mixing and/or recombination.[3]

References

  1. Schneider U, Schwenk H, Bornkamm G (1977). "Characterization of EBV-genome negative "null" and "T" cell lines derived from children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and leukemic transformed non-Hodgkin lymphoma". Int J Cancer. 19 (5): 621–6. PMID 68013. doi:10.1002/ijc.2910190505.
  2. American Type Culture Collection (ATCC)
  3. Takeuchi, Y; McClure, MO; Pizzato, M (Dec 2008). "Identification of Gammaretroviruses Constitutively Released from Cell Lines Used for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Research". Journal of Virology. 82 (24): 12585–12588. PMC 2593302Freely accessible. PMID 18842727. doi:10.1128/JVI.01726-08.
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