Judd system

A 20th-century system of plant taxonomy, the Judd system (1999-2016) of plant classification was drawn up by the American botanist Walter S. Judd (1951-) and collaborators, partially based on APG schemes.

2016 system

• viridophytes (green plants)
  • chlorophytes
  • streptophytes
    • streptophyte green algae
    • embryophytes (land plants)
      • bryophytes
        • liverworts
        • mosses
        • hornworts
      • tracheophytes (vascular plants)
        • lycophytes
          • Lycopodiales
        • euphyllophytes
          • monilophytes (ferns)
            • Equisetales
            • Psilotales
            • Ophioglossales
            • leptosporangiate ferns
              • Osmundales
              • Salviniales
              • Cyatheales
              • Polypodiales
                • eupolypods I
                • eupolypods II
          • spermatophytes (seed plants)
            • gymnosperms
              • Cycadales (cycads)
              • Ginkgoales
              • Coniferales (conifers)
              • Gnetales
            • angiosperms
              • ANA grade
              • Mesangiospermae
                • magnoliid clade (Magnoliidae)
                • Ceratophyllales
                • monocots (Monocotyledoneae)
                • eudicots (tricolpates; Eudicotyledoneae)

Bibliography

• Judd, W., Campbell, C., Kellog, E., Stevens, P. (1999). Plant systematics: a phylogenetic approach. Sinauer Associates.
• Judd, W., Campbell, C., Kellog, E., Stevens, P. (2002). Plant systematics: a phylogenetic approach. 2nd ed. Sinauer Associates.
• Judd, W., Campbell, C., Kellog, E., Stevens, P., Donoghue, M. (2002). Plant systematics: a phylogenetic approach. 3rd ed. Sinauer Associates. ISBN 0-87893-407-3. Google Books.
• Judd, W., Campbell, C., Kellog, E., Stevens, P., Donoghue, M. (2016). Plant systematics: a phylogenetic approach. 4th ed. Sinauer Associates. ISBN 978-1-60535-389-0. Sinauer website.

Note: This is a selected list of the more influential systems. There are many other systems, for instance a review of earlier systems, published by Lindley in his 1853 edition, and Dahlgren (1982). Examples include the works of Scopoli, Batsch and Grisebach.