Judaeo-Portuguese
Judaeo-Portuguese | |
---|---|
Judeu-Português | |
Native to | Portugal, Netherlands, Germany (Hamburg), England, North America, Brazil |
Extinct |
early 19th century fewer than 2,000 users in a limited liturgical context |
Indo-European
| |
Latin (Portuguese alphabet), Hebrew alphabet | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | – |
Glottolog | None |
Judeo-Portuguese (or Lusitanic) is the extinct Jewish language that was used by the Portuguese Jews of Portugal.
Description
The Judeo-Portuguese language was the vernacular of Sephardi Jews in Portugal before the 16th century and also in many places of the Portuguese Jewish diaspora. Texts were written in Hebrew script (aljamiado português) or in Latin script.
As Portuguese Jews intermarried with other expelled Sephardim, it influenced the neighboring Judeo-Spanish language. Due to close similarity to standard Portuguese, Judeo-Portuguese became extinct in Portugal, surviving in the everyday usage in the diaspora until the early 19th century. Judeo-Portuguese influenced the Papiamento and Saramaccan languages.
Characteristics
Influences from Ladino
Judaeo-Portuguese | Portuguese | Ladino | English meaning |
---|---|---|---|
ay | há | ay | there is |
Dio | Deus (arch. Deo) | Dio | God |
manim | mãos | manos | hands |
Portuguese archaisms
Judaeo-Portuguese | Modern Portuguese | English meaning |
---|---|---|
algũa | alguma | any |
angora | agora | now |
aynda | ainda | yet |
dous | dois | two |
he | é | is |
hũa | uma | a, an, one |
Influences from Hebrew
Judeo-Portuguese | Hebrew | English meaning |
---|---|---|
cados | kodesh | holy |
jessiba | yeshiva | Religious School |
massó | matzah | ritual bread |
misvá | mitzvah | commandments |
ros | rosh | head |
rassim | rashim | heads |
rossaná | rosh hashanah | Jewish New Year |
sabá | Shabbat | Saturday |
sedacá | tzedakah | charity |
queilá | qehila | congregation |
quidus | kiddush | blessing over the wine |
tebá | tevah | central platform in the synagogue |
Influences from Greek
Judeo-Portuguese | Greek | English meaning |
---|---|---|
esnoga | synagogē | synagogue |
See also
References
- Judaeo-Portuguese in Jewish Language Research Center
- Thesouro dos Dinim, a halakhic work
- Thesouro dos Dinim, a halakhic work
- Menasseh Ben Israel de la fragilidad humana y inclinacion del hombre al peccado. Parte primera
- Strolovitch, Devon L. (2005) Old Portuguese in Hebrew Script: Convention, Contact, and Convivência. Ph.D. dissertation, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
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