John de Mowbray, 3rd Duke of Norfolk
| John de Mowbray, 3rd Duke of Norfolk | |
|---|---|
|
Arms of Sir John Mowbray, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, KG | |
| Duke of Norfolk | |
| Successor | John de Mowbray, 4th Duke of Norfolk |
| Predecessor | John de Mowbray, 2nd Duke of Norfolk |
| Born | 12 September 1415 |
| Died | 6 November 1461 (aged 46) |
| Spouse | Eleanor Bourchier |
| Issue | John de Mowbray |
| House | House of Mowbray |
| Father | John de Mowbray, 2nd Duke |
| Mother | Lady Katherine Neville |
Sir John de Mowbray, 3rd Duke of Norfolk KG Earl Marshal (12 September 1415 – 6 November 1461) was an important player in the Wars of the Roses.
He was the son of John Mowbray, 2nd Duke of Norfolk and Lady Katherine Neville. He succeeded to the hereditary office of Earl Marshal in 1432, on the death of his father.
As he was under age at his father's death, he was placed under the protection of Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester and in 1436 accompanied Gloucester on an expedition to relieve Calais. In 1437–8 he served a year's term as warden of the east march and in 1438 he was one of the leaders of an expedition to strengthen the defences of Calais and Guînes.
At the beginning of the War of the Roses in 1450 he supported Richard, Duke of York, the leader of the Yorkist faction. However, in 1459, he swore allegiance to the Lancastrian Henry VI. He then quickly changed sides back to the Yorkists.
In February 1461 he fought for the defeated Yorkists in the Second Battle of St Albans. In March 1461 (Richard, Duke of York now being dead) he was one of those who asked the Duke’s son, The Earl of March, to become Edward IV, and later that month his intervention at the Battle of Towton was decisive. The battle took place in a snow storm between 80,000 men. Neither side could get an advantage until about midday Norfolk entered the battle on the Yorkist’s right flank. The Lancastrians then began to slowly fall back. As Earl Marshal, Mowbray then officiated at Edward IV’s coronation.
He died at the age of 46, and was buried at Thetford Priory. He was succeeded by his only son, John.
Marriage and issue
He married Eleanor Bourchier, daughter of William Bourchier, Count of Eu and Anne of Gloucester, Countess of Buckingham. She was the sister of his successor as Justice in Eyre, Henry Bourchier. They had one child, John de Mowbray, 4th Duke of Norfolk.
See also
References
- Weir, Alison. Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy. London, UK.: The Bodley Head, 1999.
- Birth and death dates stirnet.com Accessed May 24, 2007
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by The Duke of Norfolk |
Earl Marshal 1432–1461 |
Succeeded by The Duke of Norfolk |
| Legal offices | ||
| Preceded by The Earl of Arundel |
Justice in Eyre south of the Trent 1461 |
Succeeded by The Earl of Essex |
| Peerage of England | ||
| Preceded by John Mowbray |
Duke of Norfolk 1st creation 1432–1461 |
Succeeded by John Mowbray |
| Earl of Norfolk 3rd creation 1432–1461 | ||
| Earl of Nottingham 2nd creation 1432–1461 | ||
| Baron Mowbray 1432–1461 | ||
| Baron Segrave 1432–1461 | ||