John R. Phillips (attorney)

John Phillips
United States Ambassador to Italy
In office February 19, 2014 – January 20, 2017
President	Barack Obama
Preceded by	David Thorne
Succeeded by	Kelly C. Degnan (Acting)
United States Ambassador to San Marino
In office October 2, 2013 – January 20, 2017
President	Barack Obama
Preceded by	David Thorne
Succeeded by	Kelly Degnan (Acting / Chargé d'Affaires)
Personal details
Born	(1942-12-15) December 15, 1942 Leechburg, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Spouse(s)	Linda Douglass
Children	1
Education	University of Notre Dame UC Berkeley School of Law

John R. Phillips (born December 15, 1942) is an American diplomat and attorney, and the former United States Ambassador to Italy and San Marino, serving from 2014 to 2017 and 2013 to 2017, respectively.^[1] As a partner at Phillips & Cohen, LLP (1988–2013) and before that, in Los Angeles,^[2] he practiced public interest law, specializing in whistleblower cases that recovered over $55 billion from companies defrauding the government.^[3][4]

Early life and education

Phillips was born and grew up in Leechburg, Pennsylvania, a small steel mill town in western Pennsylvania. His grandparents emigrated from Italy in the early 1900s and Americanized their family name by changing it from “Filippi” to “Phillips.”^[5]

Phillips received a B.A. degree from the University of Notre Dame in 1966 and a J.D. degree in 1969 from the University of California at Berkeley School of Law (Boalt Hall), where he was a member of the editorial board of the California Law Review.^[6]

Professional career

Phillips joined the Los Angeles, California, law firm of O’Melveny & Myers as an associate in 1969. After two years, he left to start one of the first Ford Foundation-funded public interest law firms, the Center for Law in the Public Interest (CLIPI), in Los Angeles with three former colleagues.

Center for Law in the Public Interest

Phillips was co-director of CLIPI for 17 years. During that time, the firm was a major force litigating landmark environmental, civil rights, consumer protection and corporate fraud and accountability cases.^[7] Some of its court cases:

• Forced major revisions to the design and construction of the 17-mile $2.6 billion Century Freeway in Los Angeles to minimize the negative impact on the Watts neighborhood. The consent decree required construction of Los Angeles’s first rail rapid transit line in the meridian of the freeway, construction of 5,000 affordable housing units to replace those that were removed and the hiring and training for construction jobs of women and minorities from the area impacted by the building of the freeway.
• Forced the Los Angeles Police Department to hire more women and minorities.
• Exposed foreign bribes and payoffs by US corporations to foreign governments. Those lawsuits and the following admissions by more than 400 US corporations to the Securities and Exchange Commission that they also made foreign bribes and payoffs led directly to the passage of the US Foreign Corrupt Practices Act by Congress in 1977.
• Won consumer class actions suit against Toyota Motors resulting in a recall and repair of a brake problem in Toyota’s first Camry model.^[8]

Whistleblower work

Phillips played a significant role in the creation of the US government’s very successful whistleblower reward program designed to encourage private citizens to expose and stop defense contractor fraud, Medicare fraud and other types of fraud against the government.^[9]  He worked closely with Sen. Charles Grassley (R-Iowa) and then-Rep. Howard Berman (D-CA) to secure congressional passage of the amended False Claims Act with “qui tam” (whistleblower) provisions which were signed into law by President Reagan in October 1986. The law has become the government’s primary tool in holding accountable corporations that have defrauded the U.S. government.^[10] To date, over $55 billion have been recovered by the U.S. Treasury from companies that have defrauded the government.  The benefit-to-cost ratio of the False Claims Act has been estimated at more than $20 for every $1 governments spend on enforcement.^[11]

Phillips started a private law practice, Phillips & Cohen LLP, in Los Angeles and later moved it to Washington, DC, and opened an office in San Francisco. It became the most successful law firm representing whistleblowers in False Claims Act cases.^[12]  Some of the notable “qui tam” whistleblower lawsuits brought by his firm included record-setting cases against for-profit hospital chain HCA, General Electric, Northrop Grumman, Pfizer and GlaxoSmithKline. Phillips retired from the law firm when he became ambassador to Italy. Cases initiated by Phillips’ firm have resulted in recoveries to the government of approximately $12 billion.

Shortly after passage of the amended False Claims Act, Phillips founded in 1986 Taxpayers Against Fraud, a non-profit group that is dedicated to educating the public about government whistleblower programs and advancing public and government support for whistleblower cases.^[13]

Public appointments

John Phillips was selected by President Bill Clinton to be a member of the President’s Commission on White House Fellowships. He served from 1997 to 2001. In 2009, President Obama appointed Phillips to be the chairman of the President’s Commission on White House Fellowships, where he served for four years.^[14]  He was an appointed member (1988) to serve on the 9th Circuit Judicial Conference.

President Obama appointed him as US Ambassador to Italy and San Marino in 2013.^[15] 

Italy

Phillips invested in a group of houses (a “borgo,” or village) in Tuscany in 2001 that were more than 800 years old and were in a ruined state.^[16]  He spent eight years restoring and improving the buildings and grounds, following strict historic preservation rules. The borgo, which has a total of 22 bedrooms (Borgo Finocchieto in Bibbiano, Buonconvento), is designed to host groups, small conferences and educational programs, loosely based on the Aspen Institute model.^[17]

Phillips was a member of the Board of Trustees of the American Academy in Rome from 2009 to 2013.^[18]  Before he became ambassador to Italy, he made more than 50 trips to Italy in the previous decade.^[19]

Awards and Recognition

• “Litigators Hall of Fame,” Lawdragon^[20]
• National Law Journal’s “100 Most Influential Lawyers in America”^[21]
• Citation Award, Berkeley Law school’s highest honor, for exceptional contributions to the bar, the bench, legal scholarship and the world^[22]
• Taxpayers Against Fraud Lifetime Achievement Award^[23]
• ACLU of Southern California Lifetime Achievement Award^[24]
• 2013 Valenti Friend of the White House Fellows Award^[25]
• Law firm founded by Phillips (Phillips & Cohen LLP) cited by National Law Journal in 2004, 2007, 2009, 2010 and 2012 as being in the top 20 plaintiffs firms in the United States because of its “exemplary work.”^[26]

Personal

Phillips is married to Linda Douglass, a veteran journalist and communications strategist. They have a daughter who is an emergency room physician.^[27]

References

External links

• Appearances on C-SPAN