Jewish Voice for Peace

Jewish Voice for Peace
Founded September 1996 (1996-09)
Focus Israeli–Palestinian conflict
Location
Executive Director
 Rebecca Vilkomerson
Chairman
 Jethro Eisenstein
Revenue
$1.4 million (2013–14)[1]
Expenses $1.1 million (2013–14)[1]
Employees
9 (2013–14)[1]
Website www.jewishvoiceforpeace.org

Jewish Voice for Peace (JVP) (קול יהודי לשלום Kol Yehudi la-Shalom) is a United States left-wing[2] activist organization focused on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.

In its mission statement, it describes itself as "a diverse and democratic community of activists inspired by Jewish tradition to work together for peace, social justice, and human rights [to] support the aspirations of Israelis and Palestinians for security and self-determination" and says it "seeks an end to the Israeli occupation of the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and East Jerusalem".[3] Its critics say it musters Jewish opposition to and works to undermine public support for Israel.[4]

Founding, staff, and advisory board

JVP was formed in September 1996.[5] Rebecca Vilkomerson is the executive director; there are 27 other staff members.[6] Members of the advisory board include Tony Kushner, Michael Ratner, Sarah Schulman, Judith Butler, Noam Chomsky, Naomi Klein, and Wallace Shawn.[7]

Positions

JVP opposes the Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip.[3] It has published articles criticizing what it describes as the "severe human-rights violations that Israel engages in every day",[8] such as the construction of the Israeli West Bank barrier, the blockade of the Gaza Strip, and military operations in Gaza and the West Bank. It "endorses neither a one-state solution to resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, nor a two-state solution".[9] According to Dov Waxman, such positions mean that they do not support Israel's character as Jewish and democratic.[10]

JVP supported the Free Gaza Movement until October 2012. At that point, JVP disassociated itself from the Movement after its founder, Greta Berlin, tweeted a link to an anti-Semitic video titled "Zionists Ran the Holocaust and the Concentration Camps".[11][12]

Activities

Muzzlewatch

In 2004, JVP published a collection of essays entitled Reframing Anti-Semitism: Alternative Jewish Perspectives. Among the topics it discussed were antisemitism and stereotypes of Jews in modern America. It argued that the Jewish left and critics of Israeli policy had ceded the fight against antisemitism to the Jewish right, and that critics of Israel or Israeli policies should not be accused of antisemitism.[13] In 2007, JVP launched MuzzleWatch, a blog dedicated to tracking and exposing allegations of what it considers intimidation and suppression of voices critical of certain Israeli policies.[14][15]

Young, Jewish and Proud

The Young Jewish Declaration is a project created by young JVP leaders.[16] Young Jewish and Proud debuted at the 2010 Jewish General Assembly when five of its members disrupted Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's speech.[17][18][19][20][21]

The Only Democracy?

In February 2010, JVP launched The Only Democracy?,[22] a blog that says it "questions the very notion of Israel as 'the only democracy in the Middle East', and puts a spotlight on the intensifying struggle for human rights largely ignored by the mainstream media".[23]

Selective divestment and BDS

According to its website, JVP supports "divestment from and boycotts of companies that profit from Israel's occupation of the West Bank, Gaza, and East Jerusalem.... The boycott/divestment/sanctions movement (BDS) encompasses a variety of tactics and targets. JVP rejects the assertion that BDS is inherently anti-Semitic, and we encourage discussion both within our own community and outside of it of the growing BDS movement."[24][25]JVP justifies its support for the movement by arguing that BDS provides a vehicle allowing individuals all over the world in the Jewish diaspora to bring about real change by threatening in their consumer choices to lower the profits of any business that by their activities reinforces Israel's occupation of the Palestinian territories.[26] Gal Beckerman of The Forward wrote that it "is a group that has demonstrated a guerilla-like savvy in staging actions that get its message out to a broader national audience. In its use of BDS, for example, JVP has staked out a position distinct from those who target any and all entities related to Israel, which for many Jews implies a rejection of Israel's very legitimacy. JVP instead targets only entities involved in one way or another with Israel's occupation of the West Bank."[27] JVP's executive director Rebecca Vilkomerson stated: "We do feel connected to the global BDS movement. We consider ourselves a part of it."[28]

During 2004 and 2005, JVP protested against Caterpillar Inc. for selling bulldozers to Israel, and said that Israel's use of the D9 armoured bulldozers in the West Bank and Gaza Strip was a violation of human rights and Caterpillar's business code of conduct. Along with four Christian groups, JVP introduced a shareholder resolution calling on Caterpillar to re-examine its sales of bulldozers to Israel. The resolution was rejected by 97 percent of the votes at the Caterpillar 2005 shareholders' meeting. JVP continued to introduce shareholder resolutions at Caterpillar shareholder meetings every year since 2005.[29] In 2010 the resolution received 20% of the vote.[30]

In June 2010, JVP launched a divestment campaign against the pension fund TIAA-CREF. The petition to divest reads, "We are participants and investors in TIAA-CREF funds who are deeply concerned that TIAA-CREF invests in many companies that profit from Israel's occupation of the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, including East Jerusalem. Some of these companies provide weapons and covert surveillance supplies that maintain the occupation by force. Others take or exploit Palestinian resources, including scarce water and even the land itself. All are profiting from Israel's violations of international law and international human rights standards." The five companies targeted by the campaign are Caterpillar, Elbit, Veolia, Motorola, and Northrop Grumman.[31]

In September 2010, Israeli artists came to JVP asking for U.S. support to an artistic boycott of the theater in the city of Ariel, in the Israeli-occupied territories. JVP drafted a statement that was signed by over 150 theater and film professionals. On the significance of the action, JVP said that it "was the first time such mainstream figures had drawn a line around normalizing settlements which are illegal according to international law, and which constitute one of the main impediments to a lasting peace between Israelis and Palestinians".[32]

In June 2014, when the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) voted to divest its stock in Caterpillar, Hewlett-Packard, and Motorola Solutions to protest "the companies' profiting from the Israeli occupation of the Palestinian territories and pressure Israel to withdraw", JVP members attended the church's convention and supported the divestment measure. Rabbi Alissa Wise, a JVP co-director of organizing, told the Presbyterians that to her, divestment "helps Palestinians build their power. So that Israel is convinced, not by force, but by global consensus that something has to change."[33]

On February 20, 2015, JVP published a statement moving from its former position of supporting selective divestment, to a full endorsement of the call from Palestinian civil society for boycott, divestment, and sanctions against Israel until the Israeli government respects the rights of Palestinians.[34] Explaining the change in position on their website, JVP wrote:

JVP has long participated in the global movement to hold Israel accountable through nonviolent economic pressure, and we've done so by focusing on Occupation-specific targets including corporations as well as academic and cultural institutions. Today, the idea that there is a clear economic, political, or social separation between "Israel" and "the occupation", has been widely discredited.[35]

Opposition to AIPAC

In 2006, JVP helped organize a demonstration outside a meeting of the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) in Sacramento, California. The stated purpose of the protest was to argue that AIPAC does not represent the views of all American Jews regarding Israel.[36] As part of a coalition of over 100 organizations, JVP participated in the 2011 Move Over AIPAC conference.[37]

Opposition to Israeli settlements in West Bank

On February 25, 2007, JVP was one of twelve groups that sponsored a demonstration in Teaneck, New Jersey, against the sale of homes in Israeli settlements in the West Bank. The organizations said that in the past, such homes were "sold exclusively to Jewish people" and that Palestinians were not allowed to buy them "because of their religion and their ethnicity". The groups said that the home sale, which took place at Congregation Bnai Yeshurun in Teaneck, might violate international law and New Jersey laws against discriminatory sales practices.[38][39]

2008–09 Israel–Gaza conflict

The JVP position on the 2008–2009 Israel–Gaza conflict was that Israel's actions were "an opportunistic agenda for short-term political gain at an immense cost in Palestinian lives" which are "illegal and immoral and should be condemned in the strongest possible terms".[40] JVP joined marches and demonstrations condemning Israel in many cities, including Racine, Wisconsin,[41] and Seattle.[42]

Reception

JVP has come under criticism from other Jewish groups that have branded the movement not only as anti-Semitic but also traitorous.[26] For Dov Waxman, the anger which JVP's actions and positions arouse in many other American Jewish groups is just one index of a broader polarizing controversy within the Jewish American community at large, whose leaders had hitherto managed to shut out internal disagreements from the public purview.[43]

The Jewish Bulletin of Northern California wrote in 2003 that "the mainstream Jewish community" viewed "Jewish Voice for Peace as a group of radical Jews who air dirty laundry by criticizing Israel when the Jewish state is under attack. Some go as far as to label the members self-hating Jews."[44]

On January 28, 2007, the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) convened "Finding Our Voice", a conference co-sponsored by more than 50 Jewish organizations for the purpose of discussing the rise in antisemitism. Its co-sponsors represented a wide range of Jewish opinion, including the ADL and AIPAC on the right and Americans for Peace Now and the Jewish Labor Committee on the left. Tikkun and JVP were not invited to co-sponsor the conference. A spokesperson for JVP said, "From our perspective, you cannot get to the roots of anti-Semitism in the progressive movement without honestly addressing the severe human-rights violations that Israel engages in every day. Judging by the lineup, that kind of honest examination is not likely to happen at this conference."[8]

In February 2007, Rabbi Ira Youdovin, executive vice president of the Chicago Board of Rabbis, wrote a column in The Forward about Jewish critics of Israel, and the way in which many Jews and Jewish organizations "squash" such dissent. In his column, Youdovin wrote that "the line separating calumny from legitimate dissent is unclear and ever shifting," but he added that "Jewish Voice for Peace, which supports divestment and is currently circulating a petition urging Congress to heed Jimmy Carter's words, is certainly beyond the pale."[45] Mitchell Plitnick, director of education and policy for JVP, responded by calling Rabbi Youdovin's line "arbitrary" and saying that "Youdovin misrepresents JVP's position" concerning divestment. Plitnick emphasized that JVP supports "selective and targeted divestment that is aimed exclusively at the occupation, not at Israel itself". Plitnick wrote that "[m]ost Jews believe that there should be pressure on both Israelis and Palestinians to make peace" and that "JVP advocates nothing more or less than that."[46]

Writing in The Jerusalem Post in 2008, Jon Haber described JVP as an organization that "exists largely to declare anyone accused of anti-Jewish bias 'not guilty' (with a Jewish accent)".[47]

In October 2010, the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) identified JVP as one of the top 10 anti-Israel groups in the United States[10] In a September 2010 report, the ADL wrote:

While JVP's activists try to portray themselves as Jewish critics of Israel, their ideology is nothing but a complete rejection of Israel. In May 2008, for example, members of JVP protested many of the celebrations of Israel's 60th anniversary that took place around the country, essentially illustrating that they oppose Israel's very existence.

The ADL also took issue with JVP's mission statement which it said "places the onus of resolving the conflict on Israel" and lists a long list of requirements for Israel. "In stark contrast to these detailed requirements, the only stipulation for Palestinians is the cessation of 'suicide bombings and other attacks on Israeli civilians'", the report said.[48] JVP responded by saying the ADL was wrong about several key points—among them, that JVP is not anti-Israel or anti-Zionist.[49] JVP also invited its supporters to make financial contributions to JVP in honor of Abraham Foxman, the leader of the ADL.[50]

In February 2011, The New York Times published a piece on JVP activism in the Bay Area that said, "The activists say they are not working against Israel, but against Israeli government policies they believe are discriminatory." In an editor's note, the Times later wrote that one of the article's two authors was a pro-Palestinian advocate and he should not have been allowed to write it.[51]

In March 2011, Brandeis University's Hillel organization voted not to accept the membership bid of the local campus chapter of JVP, citing JVP's association with the larger Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement (BDS). The decision, said the group's e-board, was founded on Hillel International's guidelines for inclusion. Upon review of JVP's statement of mission, past and proposed events, Hillel leadership was quoted saying, "While we understand that JVP at Brandeis considers itself a pro-Israel club, based on positions and programming JVP has sponsored, we do not believe that JVP can be included under Hillel's umbrella."[52] In response, JVP formulated a petition in favor of its inclusion in the Hillel that over a third of the student body signed.[53]

Leonard Fein, wrote in regards to the tent of Jewish thought and opinion on March 31, 2011 in The Forward, "I remain quite uncomfortable with the notion that JVP should be barred from the communal tent."[54]

In September 2011, Rabbi Doug Kahn, executive director of the San Francisco-based Jewish Community Relations Council, said: "Jewish Voice for Peace routinely allows itself to be used as political cover by organizations promoting anti-Israel boycotts and divestment so that they can claim that they have Jewish backing for their positions, even though JVP represents a tiny fraction of the community." In response, Rabbi Alissa Wise, a national organizer for JVP who co-founded JVP's rabbinical council, speaking on behalf of the JVP, said "we're not responsible for the language used by others," that some "groups do more harm than good" and that she regarded the work done by JVP as "trying to promote self-determination and equality for all people ... a fruition of Jewish values, the path of living a Jewish life".[55]

The Jewish Federations of North America (JFNA) removed Rebecca Vilkomerson, executive director of JVP, and Cecilie Surasky, deputy director of JVP, from its Jewish Community Heroes competition because JVP "is a supporter of the boycott, divestment and sanctions campaign targeting investment in Israel". Joe Berkofsky, JFNA managing director of communications added "our Israel Action Network is working to challenge the boycott, sanctions and divestment movement and other efforts to isolate and weaken the Jewish state. We cannot therefore support a group that seeks to harm Israel through its support for BDS."[56]

In July 2013, j. published an article about a report on JVP from NGO Monitor. The article said that NGO Monitor's report "concludes that JVP has 'actively promoted the central dimensions of the political warfare strategy against Israel'". The article quoted Yitzhak Santis, chief programs officer at NGO Monitor, as saying "the organization supports or has partnered with groups such as Sabeel, Electronic Intifada, Al-Awda, International ANSWER Coalition, the International Solidarity Movement and Students for Justice in Palestine, all of which label Israel a racist apartheid state, support BDS and, in some cases, support violence against Israelis."[57]

In 2014, Mark LeVine wrote that "Israel's recent assault on Gaza" had helped increase JVP's membership. Beside the Gaza conflict, LeVine wrote, the rise of JVP was "part of a generational shift in the very fabric of Jewish identity", in which "a growing number of Jewish activists now subscribe to the kind of struggles for fundamental rights that defined Jewish American culture in the civil rights era".[58]

Nadia Hijab wrote about JVP's March 2015 National Membership Meeting in The Nation. She described JVP as a "key player" in a "fast-growing US movement for Palestinian human rights and equality between Palestinians and Israelis". She wrote that J Street is "larger and better-funded" but JVP "is proving to be a real magnet for American Jews who are outraged by Israel's policies and even more by [Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin] Netanyahu's claim to be speaking in their name, and who want to take action".[59]

In 2016, JVP unreservedly endorsed the platform of the Movement for Black Lives (MFBL), which uses the word "genocide" to describe Israel's treatment of the Palestinians. When their endorsement came in for strong criticism from several Jewish organizations, JVP replied that it was not their job to police the wording the MFBL employs to articulate its viewpoint, and expressed disappointment at the other organizations for condemning the platform. [60] Jews of Color Caucus, a group with JVP, stated: "we embrace rather than shut down the multiple uses of the term 'genocide' for what it can reveal about our current crises."[61]

Funding

Jewish Voice for Peace is a 501(c)(3) organization under U.S. Internal Revenue Code. In 2013, JVP received $1.4 million from a variety of sources.[1]

Major donors include:

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Form 990" (PDF). GuideStar. May 12, 2015. Retrieved August 18, 2016.
  2. ↑ Waxman, Dov (2016-04-12). Trouble in the Tribe: The American Jewish Conflict over Israel. Princeton University Press. ISBN 9781400880355.
  3. 1 2 "Mission". Jewish Voice for Peace.
  4. ↑ "Profile: 'Jewish Voice for Peace'", Anti-Defamation League, November 18, 2014.
  5. ↑ "JVP History (1996-2001)". Jewish Voice for Peace. Archived from the original on 2007-06-06.
  6. ↑ "JVP Staff". Jewish Voice for Peace. Retrieved July 31, 2016.
  7. ↑ "Advisory Board". Jewish Voice for Peace. Retrieved August 2, 2011.
  8. 1 2 Harris, Ben (January 23, 2007). "'Progressive' anti-Semitism? S.F. meet considers phenomenon". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Archived from the original on January 21, 2008. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  9. ↑ "Jewish Voice for Peace on One State or Two". Jewish Voice for Peace. January 2007. Retrieved April 5, 2007.
  10. 1 2 Waxman, Dov (2016-04-12). Trouble in the Tribe: The American Jewish Conflict over Israel. Princeton University Press. pp. 85–86. ISBN 9781400880355.
  11. ↑ Levy, Sydney (October 7, 2012). "Jewish Voice for Peace Statement on Greta Berlin and Allegations of Anti-Semitism". Jewish Voice for Peace. Archived from the original on October 14, 2012. Retrieved August 11, 2016.
  12. ↑ "Free Gaza Movements". ADL.
  13. ↑ Picciotto, Henri, and Plitnick, Mitchell, eds. (2004). Reframing Anti-Semitism: Alternative Jewish Perspectives. Oakland: Jewish Voice for Peace. ISBN 0-9760806-0-5.
  14. ↑ "MuzzleWatch". muzzlewatch.com.
  15. ↑ "MuzzleWatch website". Muzzlewatch.com. Retrieved August 2, 2011.
  16. ↑ "The Young Jewish Declaration". youngjewishproud.org.
  17. ↑ Israel/Palestine: Young Jews Protest Netanyahu at Jewish GA. YouTube. November 9, 2010.
  18. ↑ Greenberg, Joel (November 10, 2010). "Netanyahu defends construction in East Jerusalem". The Washington Post. Retrieved August 11, 2016.
  19. ↑ Kershner, Isabel (November 9, 2010). "As Netanyahu speaks in U.S., Israel publishes plans for new settlement housing". The Denver Post. Archived from the original on November 11, 2010. Retrieved August 11, 2016.
  20. ↑ Burdeau, Cain (November 8, 2010). "Protesters interrupt Netanyahu New Orleans speech". The Boston Globe. Associated Press. Retrieved August 11, 2016.
  21. ↑ Somerson, Wendy Elisheva (November 11, 2010). "Young Jewish Activists Attract Positive Press for Anti-Occupation Message". Tikkun Daily Blog. Retrieved August 11, 2016.
  22. ↑ "The Only Democracy?". theonlydemocracy.org.
  23. ↑ "About | The Only Democracy?". Theonlydemocracy.org. September 24, 2009. Retrieved August 2, 2011.
  24. ↑ "Jewish Voice for Peace Statements on Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions" (PDF). www.icjs.org. 2011. Retrieved August 15, 2016.
  25. ↑ Daniel Koren "UJA Federation distances itself from Tony Kushner event", Canadian Jewish News March 22, 2016.
  26. 1 2 Yehuda Magid, "The Jewish American peace camp: New Expressions of the Jewish diaspora", in Galia Golan, Walid Salem, (eds.), Non-State Actors in the Middle East: Factors for Peace and Democracy, Routledge, 2013 p.159.
  27. ↑ Beckerman, Gal (April 15, 2011). "Reporters' Roundtable: JVP and BYU". The Forward. Retrieved April 24, 2011.
  28. ↑ Beckerman, Gal (April 13, 2011). "JVP, Harsh Critic Of Israel, Seeks a Seat at the Communal Table". The Forward. Retrieved September 2, 2011.
  29. ↑ Rothstein, Jordana (April 22, 2005). "Caterpillar rejects anti-Israel motion". Jewish News of Greater Phoenix. Archived from the original on May 25, 2005. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
  30. ↑ "3 stockholder proposals fail at CAT annual meeting". Reuters. 2010-06-09. Retrieved 2016-06-19.
  31. ↑ "Campaigns | TIAA-CREF: Divest from the occupation". Jewish Voice for Peace. Retrieved August 2, 2011.
  32. ↑ "Israeli Artists Condemn Settlements". Jewish Voice for Peace. Retrieved November 16, 2013.
  33. ↑ Goodstein, Laurie (June 20, 2014). "Presbyterians Vote to Divest Holdings to Pressure Israel". The New York Times. Retrieved May 15, 2015.
  34. ↑ "Jewish Voice for Peace on Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions". Jewish Voice for Peace. February 20, 2015. Retrieved August 15, 2016.
  35. ↑ "JVP on the Issues". Jewish Voice for Peace. Retrieved March 18, 2015.
  36. ↑ Scheide, R. V. (December 14, 2006). "The Lobby: Local activists take on the American Israel Public Affairs Committee". Sacramento News and Review. Retrieved February 5, 2007.
  37. ↑ "Moveoveraipac". Archived from the original on August 30, 2011. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
  38. ↑ "Israeli settlement sale in Teaneck discriminatory, may violate international law and the roadmap". American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee. February 23, 2007. Retrieved March 17, 2007.
  39. ↑ Lee, Trymaine (February 26, 2007). "Seeking New Israeli Settlers, Synagogue Draws Protesters". The New York Times. Retrieved March 25, 2008.
  40. ↑ "JVP statement on Gaza attacks". Jewish Voice for Peace. December 28, 2008. Archived from the original on December 31, 2008. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
  41. ↑ Wicklund, Pete (January 4, 2009). "Rally marches for peace in Gaza Strip". Journal Times. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
  42. ↑ "Hundreds march in Seattle to protest Israeli attacks on Gaza". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. January 3, 2009. Retrieved August 15, 2016.
  43. ↑ Dov Waxman, Trouble in the Tribe: The American Jewish Conflict over Israel, Princeton University Press, 2016 p.2.
  44. ↑ Wall, Alexandra J. (January 24, 2003). "Jewish Voice for Peace gets grants, opens area office". Jewish Bulletin of Northern California. Retrieved February 5, 2007.
  45. ↑ Youdovin, Ira (February 23, 2007). "Is Community Open to Critics of Zionism?". The Forward. Archived from the original on February 24, 2007. Retrieved March 4, 2007.
  46. ↑ Plitnick, Mitchell (February 28, 2007). "Who's 'Beyond the Pale?', Part 2". Archived from the original on March 6, 2007. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
  47. ↑ Haber, Jon (June 21, 2008). "A divestment fiasco - Opinion". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved September 2, 2015.
  48. ↑ Jewish Voice for Peace September 27, 2010
  49. ↑ "The Anti-Defamation League (ADL) is at it again". Jewish Voice for Peace. Archived from the original on October 18, 2010. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
  50. ↑ Surasky, Cecilie (October 25, 2010). "JVP's letter to our supporters about the Anti-Defamation League list". Archived from the original on November 25, 2010. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
  51. ↑ Ming, Daniel; Glantz, Aaron (February 3, 2011). "A Jewish Group Makes Waves, Locally and Abroad". The New York Times.
  52. ↑ Fishkoff, Sue (March 14, 2011). "Brandeis Hillel excludes a controversial group on Israel, generating debate". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
  53. ↑ Behrendt, Liza (April 1, 2011). "Brandeis JVP member's op ed in campus paper". Jewish Voice for Peace. Archived from the original on July 24, 2011. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
  54. ↑ "Leonard Fein: How Big a Tent?". The Forward. March 31, 2011. Retrieved August 2, 2011.
  55. ↑ Pine, Dan (September 29, 2011). "JVP rabbi says fight is for equality, not Israel's demise". j. Archived from the original on December 5, 2011. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
  56. ↑ Klein, Dan (October 10, 2011). "JFNA bumps BDS backer from Heroes contest". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Retrieved May 14, 2015.
  57. ↑ Pine, Dan (July 18, 2013). "Report rips Jewish Voice for Peace and its tactics". j. Retrieved July 27, 2013.
  58. ↑ LeVine, Mark (October 30, 2014). "Reclaiming the Jewish Soul". Al Jazeera America. Retrieved May 15, 2015.
  59. ↑ Hijab, Nadia (March 20, 2015). "At a Jewish Voice For Peace Conference: This Is What Solidarity Looks Like". The Nation. Retrieved May 15, 2015.
  60. ↑ "Jewish pro-BDS group endorses anti-Israel Black Lives Matter platform". The Times of Israel. Jewish Telegraphic Agency. August 6, 2016. Retrieved August 8, 2016.
  61. ↑ Kestenbaum, Sam (August 9, 2016). "How Did Black Lives Matter Come To Charge Israel With 'Genocide'?". The Forward. Retrieved August 13, 2016.
  62. ↑ "Grants and Other Assistance to Organizations, Governments, and Individuals in the United States". Schwab Charitable Fund. Retrieved August 25, 2016.
  63. ↑ "A Jewish Voice for Peace Inc.". Rockefeller Brothers Fund. Retrieved August 25, 2016.
  64. ↑ "Form 990" (PDF). Tides Foundation. Retrieved August 25, 2016.
  65. ↑ "Schedule of Grants Made to Various Philantrophic Institutions" (PDF). Jewish Communal Fund. June 30, 2015. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  66. ↑ "990-PF" (PDF). Firedoll Foundation. May 31, 2015. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  67. ↑ "Form 990" (PDF). Vanguard Charitable Endowment Program. November 11, 2015. Retrieved August 25, 2016.
  68. ↑ "Form 990" (PDF). National Philanthrophic Trust. May 11, 2015. Retrieved September 2, 2016.
  69. ↑ "Form 990-PF" (PDF). The Pomegranate Foundation. Retrieved September 2, 2016.
  70. ↑ "From 990-PF" (PDF). Ben & Jerry's Foundation, Inc. Retrieved August 25, 2016.
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