Jet Pilot (film)

Jet Pilot
Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Josef von Sternberg
Produced by	Jules Furthman Howard Hughes (presenter)
Written by	Jules Furthman
Starring	John Wayne Janet Leigh
Music by	Bronislau Kaper
Cinematography	Winton C. Hoch
Edited by	Jim Wilkinson (Ed supv) Michael R. McAdam Harry Marker William M. Moore
Production company	RKO Radio Pictures
Distributed by	Universal Pictures
Release date	September 25, 1957 (1957-09-25) (Premiere-Los Angeles) October 4, 1957 (1957-10-04) (US) [1] ([1])
Running time	112 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English

Jet Pilot is a 1957 Cold War adventure-romance film directed by Josef von Sternberg and starring John Wayne and Janet Leigh. It was written and produced by Jules Furthman and presented by Howard Hughes. Filming lasted more than eighteen months, beginning in 1949.^[1] The last day of shooting was in May 1953, but the Technicolor film was kept out of release by Hughes due to his tinkering until October 1957, by which time Hughes had sold RKO. Universal ended up distributing Jet Pilot.^[2]

The film went through several directorial changes, after Sternberg's work between October 1949 and February 1950. After that, Philip Cochran (supervisor of aerial sequences), Furthman, Edward Killy (unit production manager), Byron Haskin (for the model work) and Don Siegel also directed scenes (Siegel's weren't used), as did Howard Hughes himself.^[3] All were uncredited as directors or second unit directors.

Although Jet Pilot was publicized as showcasing the U.S. Air Force's latest jets, by the time it was finally shown most of the aircraft in the film were obsolescent or obsolete, being supplanted by more modern aircraft. In one aerial scene, the two lead characters fly a Lockheed F-94 Starfire to test a radar approach to intercept a propeller driven Convair B-36 bomber.

Jet Pilot was reportedly Howard Hughes's favorite film, one he watched repeatedly in his later years.

Plot

A Russian defector lands a jet fighter aircraft on an American airstrip. The base commander, Air Force Colonel Jim Shannon (John Wayne) is surprised to find that the pilot is an attractive woman, Lieutenant Anna Marladovna (Janet Leigh). When she asks for asylum, but refuses to disclose any military information, Shannon is assigned to seduce her. They fall in love. Worried about the possibility of deportation, Jim marries her without permission.

When they return from their unauthorized honeymoon, Major General Black (Jay C. Flippen) takes Jim aside and informs him that his new wife is a spy, sent to relay information back to the USSR. The Americans decide to play along, and escalate the situation.

Shannon goes home to tell Anna that she is to be imprisoned for years, then deported when she is finally released. To save her, they hatch an escape plan, steal an aircraft and fly to Soviet airspace. Their arrival is not shown, but Anna is criticized for allowing Shannon to crash the more advanced American aircraft when Russian fighters closed in, rather than fighting back. She says that she considered shooting him, then decided that he would be more valuable for his knowledge than the plane would have been.

While they are there, Shannon discovers that Anna is pregnant. Shannon is then assigned to help test new aircraft, a pretext for drugging him and pumping him for information about American aircraft. He learns much about Soviet capabilities from the questions he is asked, while only giving up outdated information in return. When Anna discovers this, she initially plans to turn him in, learns he is to be drugged into permanent insensibility, then lets her personal feelings override her sense of duty. She finds herself under suspicion, disposes of the agent sent to keep an eye on her, steals an aircraft and escapes back to the West with Shannon.

Cast

As appearing in Jet Pilot, (main roles and screen credits identified):^[4]

The two Soviet aircraft featured in the film were based on the Bell X-1 and Lockheed T-33 Shooting Star.

Production

Hughes intended to make a "jet-age" Hell's Angels to the extent that the flying scenes were the most important element, and led to his obsessive re-editing that stretched into years.^[5] The lead actors fretted that the screenplay was "silly" with Wayne only taking on the role because he thought it would make a political statement, but soon realized it would become "one of the worst films" he would ever make.^[6] Wayne would later recall, "The final budget was something like four million. It was just too stupid for words."^[7]

Location filming took place primarily at Edwards Air Force Base and Hamilton Air Force Base, California, with full cooperation from the United States Air Force.^[8] Much of the filming of flying scenes was done at Edwards using a North American B-45 Tornado bomber as a camera aircraft. Chuck Yeager, the first man to fly faster than the speed of sound, was assigned by the U.S. Air Force to fly for the film.^[9] Yeager would fly in the X-1, staged for the film cameras, on May 20, 1950.^[10]

Another senior jet pilot who flew in the movie was USAF Major Charles Rayburn Cunningham, who later became a long-time resident of Corpus Christi, Texas. He and another senior jet pilot, USAF Ret Lt. Col Glen M. "Johnny" Johnson, flew for John Wayne and Janet Leigh.

The F-86A Sabre jets depicted in the early sequences were actual operational aircraft of the 94th Fighter Squadron, the first unit so equipped in the USAF, shortly after their conversion to the type in 1949. Yeager would also fly the F-86A in a series of aerobatic maneuvers, under the direction of "air boss" Paul Mantz who coordinated the aerial sequences.^[11]

Location filming for the Russian air base was done at George Air Force Base, a World War II air base with many of its wartime structures still intact, giving the base a primitive appearance. The 94th FS and its parent 1st Fighter Group were actually based at George during filming, and had just finished a deployment to Ladd Air Force Base, Alaska, as depicted in the storyline.

The "Soviet parasite fighter" that Shannon flies is actually a Bell X-1, the first supersonic aircraft design in the world. ^{[Note 1]}

The "mother ship" for the Soviet parasite fighter is actually a Boeing B-50, a development of the B-29.^{[Note 2]} The "Yak 12" at the film's beginning is a black-painted Lockheed T-33 Shooting Star; the black fighter that appears near the finale, taxiing on the parking ramp, and the unpainted fighter that Olga is to test fly, are both Northrop F-89 Scorpions. An F-86 Sabre is used to depict a Russian chase aircraft, painted in dark colors, high visibility orange, and gray juxtaposed to obscure its actual silhouette.

Reception

Despite the obvious similarities to other successful films including Ernst Lubitsch's Ninotchka (1939), Comrade X (1940), as well as the more recent dud, The Iron Petticoat (1956), by the time Jet Pilot hit the screens, it looked dated and received universally poor reviews.^[9] Bosley Crowther of The New York Times, referred to it as "silly and sorry", doomed by a "weak script, poor direction and indifferent performances by all" and concluding, that it was far from being Hughes's next Hell's Angels.^[12] For aviation fans, even the aerial scenes were greatly reduced, as much of the principal photography had taken place early in 1950, making Jet Pilot something of a historical curiosity.^[13]

See also

• List of American films of 1957
• John Wayne filmography

References

Notes

Citations

Bibliography

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jet Pilot (film).

• Jet Pilot on IMDb
• Jet Pilot at the American Film Institute Catalog
• Jet Pilot at AllMovie
• Jet Pilot at the TCM Movie Database