Jim Hunt

Jim Hunt
69th and 71st Governor of North Carolina
In office January 9, 1993 – January 6, 2001
Lieutenant	Dennis A. Wicker
Preceded by	James G. Martin
Succeeded by	Mike Easley
In office January 8, 1977 – January 5, 1985
Lieutenant	James C. Green
Preceded by	James Holshouser
Succeeded by	James G. Martin
27th Lieutenant Governor of North Carolina
In office January 6, 1973 – January 8, 1977
Governor	James Holshouser
Preceded by	Hoyt Patrick Taylor Jr.
Succeeded by	James C. Green
Personal details
Born	James Baxter Hunt Jr. (1937-05-16) May 16, 1937 Greensboro, North Carolina, U.S.
Political party	Democratic
Spouse(s)	Carolyn Hunt
Children	4
Education	North Carolina State University (BS, MS) University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (JD)

James Baxter Hunt Jr. (born May 16, 1937) is a retired American politician who was the 69th and 71st Governor of North Carolina (1977–1985, and 1993–2001). He is the longest-serving governor in the state's history. Hunt is tied for the fourth-longest gubernatorial tenure in post-Constitutional U.S. history at 5,838 days.^[1]

Early life

Hunt was born in Greensboro, North Carolina and raised in Wilson, North Carolina.

He is a graduate of North Carolina State College, now known as North Carolina State University, with a B.S. in agricultural education and a M.S. in agricultural economics. During his undergraduate career, Hunt was involved in Student Government. He was the second student to serve two terms as Student Body President of NC State.^[2] In 1964, he received a J.D. from the University of North Carolina School of Law. He went on to serve as the President of the Young Democratic Clubs of North Carolina, now known as the Young Democrats of North Carolina.

Political career

Jim Hunt on the campaign trail 1992

From 1964 to 1966, Hunt was a Ford Foundation economic advisor in Nepal. After working on several state and national campaigns for Democratic candidates and attending several Democratic conventions as a delegate, in addition to his work with the North Carolina Young Democratic Clubs, in 1972 he ran successfully for Lieutenant Governor. He served one term, 1973 to 1977, during the gubernatorial term of Republican James Holshouser.

Hunt is the only Governor of North Carolina to have been elected to four terms. He was first elected Governor in 1976 over Republican David Flaherty and was re-elected in 1980, defeating I. Beverly Lake. Hunt supported a constitutional change during his first term that allowed him to be the first North Carolina governor to run for a second consecutive term.

Hunt Commission

In 1981 Hunt chaired the Hunt Commission, named after himself, which established superdelegates in the Democratic National Convention.^[3]

U.S. Senate Run

In 1984 he lost a bitterly contested race for the U.S. Senate seat held by Jesse Helms, and left elective politics for several years. He returned in 1992 and defeated Republican Lt. Governor and Hardees executive Jim Gardner to win the Governorship. Hunt was re-elected by a large margin over future US Congressman Robin Hayes in 1996. He left office in January 2001, and was replaced by fellow Democrat, Attorney General Mike Easley.

Actions and political views

Jim Hunt

Hunt speaking at North Carolina State University in 1992

In the 1970s Governor Hunt was a supporter of the Equal Rights Amendment and, with his wife Carolyn, he urged its approval by the state legislature (which failed to ratify it by two votes). Hunt was an early proponent of teaching standards and early childhood education, gaining national recognition for the Smart Start program for pre-kindergarteners. In his book, First in America: An education governor challenges North Carolina, Hunt says that under testing and accountability measures he put into place test scores went up. He says 56% of students were proficient in 1994 compared with 70% in the year 2000. He says without testing students slip through the cracks and face a "limited future" (p. 55). In 2000 he was mentioned as a possible Democratic nominee for Vice President of the United States^[4] or Education Secretary for Al Gore had Gore been successful in the 2000 presidential race. 2004 Democratic nominee Sen. John Kerry was likewise considering Hunt for Secretary of Education had he won, and he was considered a candidate to be Barack Obama's Secretary of Education.^[5]

Hunt served on the Carnegie Task Force, which created the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards and more recently on the Spellings Commission on the Future of Higher Education.

As governor, Hunt was involved in a variety of efforts to promote technology and technology-based economic development, including the establishment of the North Carolina Biotechnology Center, and the North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics. He was also very successful at recruiting business to his state.

Controversies

Hunt was key actor in the infamous trial of the Wilmington Ten. By the late 1970s, their case had gained international attention and was viewed as an embarrassment to the US and North Carolina in particular. CBS had broadcast a 60 Minute piece about the case that suggested that the evidence against the ten had been fabricated.^[6] Hunt was under a lot of pressure to pardon the ten. However, in January 1978, following the higher courts' refusal to dismiss these charges, Hunt decided to reduce their sentencing of 20–25 years to 13–17 years rather than pardon and free them.^[7] Many black North Carolinian politicians at the time disapproved of Hunt's decision and but the general mentality at the time was that "right now blacks have nowhere else to turn" so there were no organized opposition movement. Howard Nathaniel Lee, however, refused to resign from his appointed role as cabinet secretary, as form of protest against Hunt.^[8]

Hunt was criticized for allowing Darryl Hunt (no relation known) to remain in prison for twenty years after the wrongfully convicted Winston-Salem man was exonerated by exculpatory DNA evidence which pointed to another perpetrator. Darryl Hunt was pardoned by the succeeding Governor, Mike Easley. During his terms in office Hunt oversaw 13 executions (two during his first period in office, 11 during his second), including the first post-Furman execution of a female (Velma Barfield) and the first post-Furman execution in North Carolina (James W. Hutchins).

Retirement

Hunt currently is a member of the law firm of Womble Carlyle Sandridge & Rice PLLC, in its Raleigh office. He also enjoys spending his time on his farm looking after his Simmental Cattle and miniature pony Herby.

Hunt chairs the Board of Directors of two institutes which he founded, The James B. Hunt, Jr. Institute for Educational Leadership and Policy at UNC-Chapel Hill, and the Institute for Emerging Issues at N.C. State University in Raleigh.^[9] He also serves on the North Carolina Advisory Board of DonorsChoose.

Legacy

• The following are named for Governor Hunt:
  • James B. Hunt, Jr. Library at North Carolina State University Centennial Campus
  • James B. Hunt High School in Wilson County, North Carolina
  • James B. Hunt, Jr. Residence Hall at North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics
  • James B. Hunt Horse Complex at the North Carolina State Fairgrounds is used year-round for horse shows and other agricultural exhibitions.
  • The M/V Gov. James B. Hunt, Jr. is the primary ferry on the Currituck Sound route, making daily runs between Currituck and Knotts Island, operated by the North Carolina Department of Transportation Ferry Division
• An authorized biography of Hunt, authored by former press secretary Gary Pearce, was released in the fall of 2010.

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jim Hunt.

External links

• News & Observer profile
• Womble Carlyle Sandridge & Rice, PLLC Biography
• UNC-TV: Biographical Conversations with James B. Hunt, Jr.
• Past Winners of Harold W. McGraw, Jr. Prize in Education
• Oral History Interviews with James B. Hunt , , from Oral Histories of the American South
• James B. Hunt Political Campaign Audiovisual Material, 1980–1997
• Appearances on C-SPAN

Governors and Lieutenant Governors of North Carolina
Governors	Caswell Nash Burke A. Martin Caswell Johnston A. Martin Spaight Sr. Ashe Davie Williams Turner Alexander Williams Stone Smith Hawkins Miller Branch Franklin Holmes Burton Iredell Owen Stokes Swain Spaight Jr. Dudley Morehead Graham Manly Reid Winslow Bragg Ellis Clark Vance Holden Worth Holden Caldwell Brogden Vance Jarvis Scales Fowle Holt Carr Russell Aycock Glenn Kitchin Craig Bickett Morrison McLean Gardner Ehringhaus Hoey Broughton Cherry W. K. Scott Umstead Hodges Sanford Moore R. W. Scott Holshouser Hunt J. Martin Hunt Easley Perdue McCrory Cooper
Lieutenant Governors	Caldwell Brogden Jarvis Robinson Stedman Holt Doughton Reynolds Turner Winston Newland Daughtridge O. Gardner Cooper Long Fountain Graham Horton Harris Ballentine Taylor, Sr. Hodges Barnhardt Philpott Scott Taylor Jr. Hunt Green Jordan J. Gardner Wicker Perdue Dalton Forest