JNR Class ED78

Class ED78

ED78 9 in service in March 1985
Type and origin
Power type Electric
Builder Hitachi
Build date 1967–1980
Total produced 14
Specifications
Configuration:
 ​
 • AAR Bo-2-Bo
 • UIC Bo'2Bo'
Gauge 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)
Bogies DT129 (outer), DR103E (centre)
Wheel diameter 1,120 mm (3 ft 8 in)
Trailing dia. 860 mm (2 ft 10 in)
Length 17,900 mm (58 ft 9 in)
Width 2,800 mm (9 ft 2 in)
Height 4,230 mm (13 ft 11 in)
Loco weight 81.5 t
Electric system(s) 20 kV AC (60 Hz)
Performance figures
Power output 1,900 kW (2,500 hp)
Career
Operators JNR, JR East
Numbers ED78 1–13, ED78 901
Delivered 1967
Preserved 1
Disposition All withdrawn

The Class ED78 (ED78形) is a Bo-2-Bo wheel arrangement AC electric locomotive type operated in Japan from 1968 until the 1990s.[1] 14 locomotives were built by Hitachi between 1967 and 1980.[2]

Operations

ED78 4 double-heading a local passenger service with a class EF71 in the 1980s

The locomotives were introduced to operate on the steeply-graded Ou Main Line between Fukushima and Yonezawa, which was converted from 1,500 V DC electrification to 20 kV AC in October 1968.[1] The locomotives often worked in multiple with Class EF71 locomotives.[1]

History

A prototype locomotive, initially classified ED94 and numbered ED94 1, was delivered in 1967, with full-production locomotives delivered from 1968 until 1980.[1] ED94 1 was modified and renumbered ED78 901 in 1968.[3] All 14 locomotives were built by Hitachi in Mito, Ibaraki, with modifications to convert ED94 1 to ED78 901 carried out at JNR's Koriyama factory.[1]

Following the conversion of the Ou Main Line to standard gauge as part of the Yamagata Shinkansen in 1992, the Class ED78s were transferred to duties on the Tohoku Main Line and Senzan Line before ultimately being withdrawn.[1]

Build history

The individual build dates of the fleet were as follows.[1]

Number Build year Remarks
ED78 901 1967 Originally built as ED94 1
ED78 1 1968  
ED78 2 1968  
ED78 3 1968  
ED78 4 1968  
ED78 5 1968  
ED78 6 1968  
ED78 7 1968  
ED78 8 1968  
ED78 9 1968  
ED78 10 1970  
ED78 11 1970  
ED78 12 1980  
ED78 13 1980  

Preserved examples

As of 2015, one member of the class is preserved: ED78 1.[3] This locomotive was withdrawn in February 1987, and was subsequently stored at Fukushima Depot before being preserved at Fukushima Station.[4] It was then moved to a site adjoining Rifu Station in Miyagi Prefecture, and later moved to the nearby Sendai General Shinkansen Depot.[4] It was moved to Hitachi's Mito factory in Hitachinaka, Ibaraki in 2015 and cosmetically restored in 2016.[4]

See also

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to JNR ED78.
  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Inoue, Koichi (1999). 国鉄機関車辞典 [JNR Locomotive Encyclopedia] (in Japanese). Japan: Sankaido. p. 152-153. ISBN 4-381-10338-6.
  2. ↑ JR全車輛ハンドブック'92 [JR Rolling Stock Handbook 1992] (in Japanese). Japan: Neko Publishing. 1992. p. 41.
  3. 1 2 Sasada, Masahiro (25 November 2014). 国鉄&JR保存車大全2015-2016 [JNR & JR Preserved Rolling Stock Complete Guide 2015-2016] (in Japanese). Tokyo, Japan: Ikaros Publications Ltd. p. 25, 122. ISBN 978-4863209282.
  4. 1 2 3 修復を終えたED78 1が『さつきまつり』で展示される [ED78 1 displayed at Satsuki Festival following restoration]. Japan Railfan Magazine Online (in Japanese). Japan: Koyusha Co., Ltd. 6 June 2016. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
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