Italian Peninsula

Italian Peninsula
Apennine Peninsula
Penisola italiana, Penisola appenninica, Terraferma, Continente or lo Stivale (Italian)

A map of the Italian Peninsula and its location in Europe.

Satellite view of the peninsula in March 2003.
Geography
Location Southern Europe
Coordinates

42°N 14°E / 42°N 14°E / 42; 14

37°N 15°E / 37°N 15°E / 37; 15
Area 131,337 km2 (50,709 sq mi)
Highest point Corno Grande
Administration
Largest settlement Rome
Largest settlement Dogana
Largest settlement Itself (City-state)
Demographics
Demonym Apenninen
Pop. density 199.27 /km2 (516.11 /sq mi)
Ethnic groups Italian

The Italian Peninsula or Apennine Peninsula (Italian: Penisola italiana, Penisola appenninica) extends 1,000 km (620 mi) from the Po Valley in the north to the central Mediterranean Sea in the south. The peninsula's shape gives it the nickname lo Stivale (the Boot). Three smaller peninsulas contribute to this characteristic shape, namely Calabria (the "toe"), Salento (the "heel") and Gargano (the "spur").

Geographically, the Italian peninsula consists of the land south of a line extending from the Magra to the Rubicon rivers, north of the Tuscan–Emilian Apennines. It excludes the Po Valley and the southern slopes of the Alps.[1][2] All of the peninsula lies within the territory of the Italian Republic except for the microstates of San Marino and Vatican City. Additionally, Sicily, Elba and other smaller islands, such as Palagruža (Italian: Pelagosa), (which belongs to Croatia) are usually considered as islands off the peninsula and in this sense geographically grouped along with it.

The peninsula lies between the Tyrrhenian Sea on the west, the Ionian Sea on the south, and the Adriatic Sea on the east. The backbone of the Italian peninsula consists of the Apennine Mountains, from which it takes one of its names. Most of its coast is lined with cliffs.

The Italian Peninsula's location between the centre of Europe and the Mediterranean Sea made it the target of many conquests.

The peninsula has mainly a Mediterranean climate, though in the mountainous parts the climate is much cooler. Its natural vegetation includes macchia along the coasts and deciduous and mixed deciduous coniferous forests in the interior.

Modern countries and territories

Political divisions of the peninsula sorted by area:

Country/
Territory		 Peninsular area Description
Population[3] km2 sq mi Share
 Italy 131,275 50,686 99.9531% Effectively the entire peninsula
 San Marino 31,887 61.2 23.6 0.0466% A north eastern enclave of peninsular Italy
  Vatican City 829 0.44 0.17 0.0003% An enclave of Rome, Italy

See also

References

  1. ↑ De Agostini Ed., L'Enciclopedia Geografica - Vol. I - Italia, 2004, p.78
  2. ↑ Touring Club Italiano, Conosci l'Italia - Vol. I: L'Italia fisica, 1957
  3. ↑ Population includes only the inhabitants of the Italian peninsula (excluding Northern Italy, Sicily, and Sardinia).

Coordinates: 42°00′N 14°00′E / 42.000°N 14.000°E / 42.000; 14.000

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