Israel Washburn Jr.

Israel Washburn Jr.
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Maine's 5th district
In office March 4, 1853 – January 1, 1861
Preceded by	Ephraim K. Smart
Succeeded by	Stephen Coburn
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Maine's 6th district
In office March 4, 1851 – March 3, 1853
Preceded by	Charles Stetson
Succeeded by	Thomas J. D. Fuller
29th Governor of Maine
In office January 2, 1861 – January 7, 1863
Preceded by	Lot M. Morrill
Succeeded by	Abner Coburn
Personal details
Born	(1813-06-06)June 6, 1813 Livermore, Massachusetts (now Maine)
Died	May 12, 1883(1883-05-12) (aged 69) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Political party	Whig Republican
Profession	Law

Israel Washburn Jr. (June 6, 1813 – May 12, 1883) was a United States political figure. Originally a member of the Whig Party, he later became a founding member of the Republican Party. In 1842, Washburn served in the Maine House of Representatives.^[1]

In 1854, angry over the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, Washburn called a meeting of 30 members of the US House of Representatives to discuss forming what became the Republican Party. Republican gatherings had taken place in Wisconsin and Michigan earlier in the year, but Washburn's meeting was the first in the U.S. Capital, and among U.S. Congressmen. He was probably also the first politician of his rank to use the term "Republican", in a speech at Bangor, Maine on June 2, 1854.^[2] Washburn represented the district which included Bangor and the neighboring town of Orono, Maine, where he had his home and law office.

Born in 1813 in Livermore (in modern-day Maine, then a part of Massachusetts) to a prominent political family, Washburn organized the Maine Republican Party from 1854 onward. He was the 29th Governor of Maine from 1861 to 1863. During the American Civil War, he helped recruit Federal troops from Maine. In 1862, he attended the Loyal War Governors' Conference in Altoona, Pennsylvania, which ultimately gave Abraham Lincoln support for his Emancipation Proclamation.

Washburn had been an unsuccessful candidate for the Thirty-first Congress in 1848; elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses, as a Republican to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses and served from March 4, 1851, to January 1, 1861, when he resigned, having been elected Governor. He was Chairman of the Committee on Elections (Thirty-fourth Congress).

Washburn was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1882.^[3]

Washburn was the brother of Elihu B. Washburne, Cadwallader C. Washburn, William D. Washburn, Samuel Benjamin Washburn, and Charles Ames Washburn. He died in 1883 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He is buried at the Mount Hope Cemetery in Bangor, Maine.

The town of Washburn, Maine is named in his honor.

Notes

1. ↑ Maine State Law and Legislative Reference Library-Maine Legislators Database
2. ↑ William E. Gienapp, The Origins of the Republican Party (Oxford, 1987), p. 89
3. ↑ American Antiquarian Society Members Directory

References

•  This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress website http://bioguide.congress.gov.
• Hanson, Mary E. Hanson.:, In memoriam. Israel Washburn Jr: born June 5, 1813, died May 12, 1883 (1884).
• Gienapp, William E.:, The Origins of the Republican Party (Oxford, 1987), p. 89.

External links

• United States Congress. "Israel Washburn Jr. (id: W000173)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. 
• Israel Washburn Jr. at Find a Grave
• The Washburn Family