Irene Kuo

Kuo, Irene
Born Yuan, Irene Hsingnee
June 1919
Shanghai
Died July 1993 (1993-08) (aged 74)
Glendale, California
Cause of death Pancreatic cancer
Nationality Chinese, American
Education Barnard College
Occupation Businessperson, Educator

Irene Kuo, née Irene Hsingnee Yuan was the author of The Key to Chinese Cooking and an influential popularizer of Chinese cuisine in the United States and the West during the 1960s and 1970s.[1] Her combined appearance in on American talk-shows such as Johnny Carson's and Joan Rivers' as well as her successful restaurants were all instrumental in her popularization and education efforts.[2]

Early life

Kuo was born in 1919 into family of affluent Chinese literati intimately linked to the Qing dynasty government of China. Her uncle Yuan Li-jun was the tutor of Puyi, last Emperor of China. She grew up exposed to the finest offerings Chinese cuisine and showed keen interest in learning about it. She befriended the hired cooks in her household and was taught the techniques to the preparation of some of the most opulent dishes.[2] Her family's influence and affluence at the time also allowed her to extensively travel throughout China experiencing everything from the heavy meat based dishes of North China to the fine vegetarian cuisine during family Buddhist retreats.[3]

Adulthood

Kuo went to Barnard College for her undergraduate degree and returned to China upon graduation. However due to the onset of communist control in China and Mao Zedong's rise to power, she eventually left China for the United States just after her 22nd birthday. She met her future husband, Chi-Chih Kuo in Washington, D.C. in 1943 and was married a year later in 1944. The couple had two sons and after travelling between her husband's posts in Washington D.C. and Italy, they eventually settled in New York. It was in the city that they opened their two highly successful restaurants:

Through grand stunts of publicity such as holding Barbra Streisand's 20th birthday bash at the Lichee Tree in 1962,[4] commissioning composer Dick Hyman to lead an orchestra accompanied with Chinese cleavers for the year of the Monkey,[5] and being in the public spotlight with mentions on trade publications throughout the 1960s and 1970s, the Kuos became well known in American culture of the time.

The Key to Chinese Cooking

In 1971 Kuo pitched the idea of a Chinese cookbook to Judith Jones, who knew of her through her appearance and mention in the popular and print media of the time. Jones was impressed by Kuo's extensive knowledge of the cuisine, her articulate prose, as well as the sincerity of her voice.[2][3] Together with copy editor Suzi Arensberg and the illustrator Carolyn Moy, Jones and Kuo worked for more than five years on the manuscripts, polishing it to make the concepts and organization understandable for the intended Western audience.[3] It was also written in a way to provide a cultural glimpse into the Chinese psyche on top of being a guide and recipe book for Chinese cuisine.[1] The Chinese seals in the book were designed by Kuo's husband.[6] The book was eventually published in 1977.[7]

Kuo's intention in writing and working on the book was "...to leave something permanent".[8] Indeed, the cookbook was an enormous success and was the standard resource for Chinese cuisines in North America and abroad for the decade to come.[2] It continues to influence food and cookbook writers to the likes of Barbara Tropp, Eileen Yin-Fei Lo,[2] Fuchsia Dunlop,[9] Anne Mendelson,[6] and Grace Young.[10]

Later life

Following the sales of her restaurants and the completion of her cookbook, Kuo retreated from public life and moved to Glendale, California. There had been intention of publishing a follow-up to The Key to Chinese Cooking with 175 recipes, which Kuo indicated to Jones once on January 2, 1982, stating that it could be finished in a year. However the book was never completed and Kuo eventually ended contact with Jones for unknown reasons.[2]

Kuo was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in early 1993 and died later in July 1993, weeks after her husband's death.[2]

Quotes

References

  1. 1 2 Hsu, Hua (2015-11-23). "Chinese Food and the Joy of Inauthentic Cooking". The New Yorker. Retrieved 2017-03-20.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Sen, Mayukh (2017-03-16). "How America Lost 'The Key to Chinese Cooking'". FOOD52.
  3. 1 2 3 Jones, Judith (2008). The Tenth Muse: My Life in Food. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. ISBN 9780307277442.
  4. ↑ Gabler, Neal (2016). Barbra Streisand: Redefining Beauty, Femininity, and Power. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300220711.
  5. ↑ "Redlands Daily Facts from Redlands, California · Page 12". Redlands Daily Facts. February 13, 1968.
  6. 1 2 Mendelson, Anne (November 9, 2011). "Classic Chinese Cookbook". Zester Daily.
  7. 1 2 Kuo, Irene (1977). The Key to Chinese Cooking. Knopf. ISBN 9780394496382.
  8. 1 2 Rice, William (November 10, 1977). "Cooks as Authors: A Kitchen Quartet". The Washington Post. Retrieved March 20, 2017.
  9. ↑ "Fuschia Dunlop on Chinese Food". The Browser. July 5, 2011.
  10. ↑ Young, Grace (January 5, 2017). "Chow Chop Suey and Florence Lin". GraceYoung.com.
  11. ↑ "The Pittsburgh Press from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania · Page 207". The Pittsburgh Press. February 23, 1975.
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