Iqama

The word iqama (Arabic: إقامة‎‎) or ikamet (Turkish transliteration) refers to the second call to Islamic Prayer, given immediately before the prayer begins.[1] Generally, the iqama is given more quickly and in a more monotonous fashion, compared to the adhan, as it is addressed to those already in the mosque rather than a reminder for those outside it to come to the mosque. Aside from a difference in the number of repetitions of each formulæ,[2] the iqama differs from the first call to prayer, the adhan, in only one place (line 6, below):[1]

Recital Arabic Transliteration Translation
2x الله أكبر الله أكبر allāhu ʾakbar, allāhu ʾakbar God is Greatest, God is Greatest,
2x أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله ʾašhadu ʾan lā ʾilāha ʾillā llāh I assert that there is no god but God
2x أشهد أن محمدًا رسول الله ʾašhadu ʾanna muḥammadun rasūlu llāh I assert that Muhammad is the Messenger of God
2x حي على الصلاة Ḥayya ʿalā ṣ-ṣalāt Hasten to prayer
2x حي على الفلاح Ḥayya ʿalā l-falāḥ Hasten to success,
2x قد قامت الصلاة qad qāmat aṣ-ṣalāt Prayer has started,
1x الله أكبر الله أكبر allāhu ʾakbar, allāhu ʾakbar God is greatest, God is greatest,
1x لا إله إلا الله lā ʾilāha ʾillā-llāh There is no god but God

The Hanafi and the Shi'i use the same number of repetitions of the formulæ for both the adhan and the iqama, contrary to all the other Islamic schools of law.[1][3]

Other uses of the term iqama

Iqāma is not the maṣdar form of the fourth (causative) stem (stem 'af`ala) from the triliteral root Q-W-M, which relates to setting things up, carrying things out, existence, and assorted other meanings. The word iqāma itself is multivalent, but its most common meaning outside the inauguration of prayer is in the context of immigration law, referring to a long-term visa for a foreign national. In some cases, as in Egypt, it is a stamp on the foreigner's passport; in others (as in Morocco and Saudi Arabia) it is a separate identity document in the form of a plastic card.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Th.W., Juynboll,. "Iḳāma". Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition Online. Edited by P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs
  2. ↑ Islam QA. Shaykh Muhammad Saalih al-Munajjid http://islamqa.info/en/10458. Retrieved 8 July 2015. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  3. ↑ Howard, IKA, “The development of the “adhan” and “iqama” of the salat” in early Islam.” Journal of Semitic Studies (Manchester University Press) 26 (1981), p. 227.
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