Influenza virus pseudoknot

Influenza Pseudoknot

The consensus secondary structure of the Influenza Pseudoknot family of RNA motifs
Identifiers
Symbol PK-IAV
Rfam RF01099
Other data
RNA type Cis-reg
Domain(s) Orthomyxoviridae;
SO {{{SO}}}

The Influenza virus pseudoknot is an RNA pseudoknot structure formed in one of the non-structural coding segments (NS) of influenza virus genome.[1] Pseudoknots are commonly found in viral genomes, especially RNA viruses, where they incorporate an RNA splice site and can have a wide range of functions.[2] The orientation of the coaxially stacked stems in the influenza pseudoknot, however, differs from the most common topology in "classical" RNA pseudoknots.[3][4]

The pseudoknot structure is very similar in influenzavirus A and influenzavirus B. A unique point mutation occurring in the strains of influenza A virus subtype H5N1 after 2001 has been suggested to result in RNA conformational shift,[5] favouring an alternative hairpin structure instead of the pseudoknot.[1]

Another pseudoknot occurs at the Influenza A Segment 7 Splice Site, which is used to produce the important viral M2 ion channel protein.[6][7] Both pseudoknots have the possibility of alternating between hairpin loop and pseudoknot conformations, which place splicing regulatory motifs in different structural contexts.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Gultyaev AP, Olsthoorn RC (March 2010). "A family of non-classical pseudoknots in influenza A and B viruses". RNA Biol. 7 (2): 125–9. PMID 20200490. doi:10.4161/rna.7.2.11287. Retrieved 2010-07-13.
  2. ↑ Brierley I, Pennell S, Gilbert RJ (August 2007). "Viral RNA pseudoknots: versatile motifs in gene expression and replication". Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 5 (8): 598–610. PMID 17632571. doi:10.1038/nrmicro1704.
  3. ↑ Pleij CW (April 1990). "Pseudoknots: a new motif in the RNA game". Trends Biochem. Sci. 15 (4): 143–7. PMID 1692647. doi:10.1016/0968-0004(90)90214-v.
  4. ↑ Pleij, C. (1994). "RNA pseudoknots". Current Opinion in Structural Biology. 4 (3): 337–344. doi:10.1016/S0959-440X(94)90101-5.
  5. ↑ Gultyaev AP, Heus HA, Olsthoorn RC (February 2007). "An RNA conformational shift in recent H5N1 influenza A viruses". Bioinformatics. 23 (3): 272–6. PMID 17090581. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btl559.
  6. ↑ Moss WN, Dela-Moss LI, Kierzek E, Kierzek R, Priore SF & Turner DH (March 2012). Lewin A, ed. "The 3′ Splice Site of Influenza A Segment 7 mRNA Can Exist in Two Conformations: A Pseudoknot and a Hairpin.". PLoS ONE. 7 (6): e38323. PMC 3369869 Freely accessible. PMID 22685560. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0038323.
  7. ↑ Moss WN, Dela-Moss LI, Priore SF, Turner DH (October 2012). "The influenza A segment 7 mRNA 3' splice site pseudoknot/hairpin family.". RNA Biology. 9 (11): 1305–10. PMC 3597570 Freely accessible. PMID 23064116. doi:10.4161/rna.22343.
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