Illegal mining

Illegal mining is mining activity without state permission, in particular in absence of land rights, mining license, exploration or mineral transportation permit.[1] Illegal natural resource extraction becomes pressing when global mineral prices are soaring.[2]

Illegal mining can be a subsistence activity, as is the case with artisanal mining, or it can belong to large-scale organized crime,spearheaded by illegal mining syndicates.[3] Despite strategic developments towards "responsible mining", even big companies can be involved in (partially) illegal mineral digging and extraction, if only on the financing side.[4]

America

Illegal gold mining in Latin America is a particular concern because of the enormous rate of deforestation and environmental degradation (through mercury and other chemicals that are routinely used in gold mining) that accompanies it.[2]

Africa

Illegal mining is an ongoing concern across South Africa and the African continent. Largely due to socio-economic issues such as unemployment and growing poverty, many individuals have little choice but to become illegal miners – or Zama Zamas – in a desperate bid to put food on the table.[5]

India

Ukraine

See also

References

  1. ↑ Philippe Dozolme. "What is Illegal Mining?". About.com Money.
  2. 1 2 "Illegal Mining - Americas Quarterly".
  3. ↑ "Six things to know about the illegal mining boom". News24.
  4. ↑ Oscar Castilla, Nelly Luna Amancio and Fabiola Torres Lopez. "The Companies Accused of Buying Latin America's Illegal Gold".
  5. ↑ "Illegal mining in Africa". Mining Africa. 2017-02-13. Retrieved 2017-05-08.


This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.