Umbundu

Umbundu
South Mbundu
Úmbúndú
(status of "national language")
Native to Angola
Ethnicity Ovimbundu
Native speakers
 6 million (2012)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-2 umb
ISO 639-3 umb
Glottolog umbu1257[2]
R.11[3]

Umbundu, or South Mbundu (autonym úmbúndú), one of two Bantu languages of Angola called Mbundu (see Kimbundu), is the most widely spoken language of Angola. Its speakers are known as Ovimbundu and are an ethnic group constituting a third of Angola's population. Their homeland is the Central Highlands of Angola and the coastal region west of these highlands, including the cities of Benguela and Lobito. Because of recent internal migration there are now also large communities in the capital Luanda and its surrounding province, as well as in Lubango.

Phonology

Consonants

Bilabial Labial Dental Alveolar Palatal Velar
Plosive plain p t c k
prenasal mb nd ndʒ ŋɡ
Fricative voiceless f s h
voiced v
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Lateral l
Approximant w j

Vowels

Front Back
Close i ĩ u ũ
Mid e ẽ o õ
Open a ã

Tone

Umbundu has two tones: low and high. The first acute accent (á) in a word represents a high tone. The low tone is represented by a grave accent (à). Unmarked syllables carry the same tone as the preceding syllable.[4]

Vocabulary

Sample text

Omanu vosi vacitiwa valipwa kwenda valisoka kovina vyosikwenda komoko. Ovo vakwete esunga kwenda, kwenda olondunge kwenje ovo vatêla okuliteywila kuvamwe kwenda vakwavo vesokolwilo lyocisola.

Translation: All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. (Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights) vokussumba suko onhe?

References

  1. ↑ Umbundu at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
  2. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2016). "Umbundu". Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  3. ↑ Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. New Updated Guthrie List Online
  4. ↑ Schadeberg, Thilo C. (1990). A Sketch of Umbundu.

Further reading


This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.