Martindale-Hubbell

Martindale-Hubbell
Parent company Martindale, LLC
Founded 1868
Founder James B. Martindale
Country of origin United States
Headquarters location New Providence, New Jersey
Nonfiction topics law
Official website www.martindale.com

Martindale-Hubbell is an information services company to the legal profession[1] that was founded in 1868. The company publishes the Martindale-Hubbell Law Directory, which provides background information on lawyers and law firms in the United States and other countries. It also published the Martindale Hubbell Law Digest, a concise and convenient summary of laws around the world. Martindale-Hubbell is currently owned by consumer website company Internet Brands.[2]


Martindale-Hubbell Law Directory volumes on the shelf at a law library

History

Martindale's Directory was first published in 1868 by James B. Martindale, a lawyer and businessman.[3] He wrote in the Preface:

"The object of the work is to furnish to Lawyers, Bankers, Wholesale Merchants, Manufacturers, Real Estate Agents, and all others who may have need of business correspondents away from home, the address of one reliable law firm, one reliable bank, and one reliable real estate agent in each city and town in the United States; also to give the laws of the several States on subjects of a commercial character that are of interest or importance to business men, or have a bearing on mercantile transactions and the collection of debts. The lines of business in which we have been for years engaged is one that has enabled us fully to anticipate the business want in this regard...
Numerous lists of what are termed "reliable lawyers" are published in the world every year, and the public are cooly asked to take the publisher's mere say so that such lawyers are responsible; the public well knowing, at the same time, that such lists are mere advertisements, and that whoever paid the highest price could have his name inserted. It is unsafe to trust such lists, so far as we know, nobody does trust them. We give such reports of our attorneys as will enable those needing their services to judge for themselves of their merit...
The DIGEST OF COMMERCIAL LAWS of the several States, we feel proud to say, are fuller and more comprehensive than any ever before published in a similar work. We wish, in this public manner, to express our thankfulness for, and appreciation of, the kind services rendered us by the distinguished and able Attorneys whose names appear in the captions of these Digests as compilers thereof.
In view of constant and rapid changes occurring among Law firms, by reason of death, retirement, election of office, dissolution, and an occasional degeneracy, making the best list of necessity short-lived, and in view of the continual changes being made in the commercial laws of the several States, we will thoroughly revise this work once a year, and publish it annually, on the first of every January."[3][4]

In 1870, the first edition of Hubbell's Legal Directory appeared. As stated in the Introduction:

"...The vast and extending relations of business, the immense territory over which this business must be transacted, and the difficulties that often occur in obtaining reliable correspondents and information respecting the collection of debts in the different States, seem to create a necessity for a work of this character..."[5]

By 1896, Martindale's Directory included basic information that still appears in the modern "Practice Profile" listings, ratings and a section on foreign lawyers and firms. The Law Digests of all the States and Provinces constituted a new and valuable feature, being the substance of the law adapted to the comprehension of business men, and not mere copies of statutes, as had been the case with most similar publications.[3][6] The same year, the twenty sixth volume of the Hubbell's Legal Directory appeared, containing 1,600 pages of finely printed information.[7]

In 1916, Martindale's American Law Directory contained the following: In Part I - tabulated laws, collection rates, lawyers of the U.S., of Canada, of Newfoundland, lawyers of fourteen largest cities, Canons of Professional Ethics. In Part II - foreign attorneys, diplomatic service of the U.S., Tariff of American Consular Fees, U.S. Consular Service. Part III - Law Digests of the U.S. and Canada, Law Digest of Newfoundland, Cuba Law Digest, English Law Digest, French Law Digest, German Law Digest, Mexico Law Digest, the Netherlands Law Digest, U.S. Bankruptcy Law Digest, U.S. Patent Law Digest, U.S. Trademark Law Digest, U.S. Court Calendar and Court Calendar of States.[8]

In 1930, the Martindale Company purchased the publishing rights to Hubbell's Legal Directory, which consisted of a digest of the collected laws of each state; court calendars; and a selective list of lawyers and firms.[3][9]

Through the combination of the Martindale's Directory and Hubbell's Legal Directory, the first edition of the Martindale-Hubbell Law Directory was produced in 1931 as a two-volume set.[3][10] Volume I consisted of, other than lawyers listings, lawyers in America (complete list of the Bar of the USA), lawyers of the Dominion of Canada and the Colony of Newfoundland (complete list of the Bar), selected list of foreign lawyers, list of patent attorneys and a biographical section. Volume II contained the Law Digests, which included a topical index, Digests of the Laws of the States, Territories and Possessions of the USA, Digests of the Laws of Canada, Digests of the Laws of 40 Foreign Countries, United States Patent, Tax and Trademark Law Digests, Court Calendars and Uniform Acts, approved and recommended for adoption by the National Conference on Uniform State Laws and Proceedings. The Preface to the Law Digest commenced with the words:

"No feature of the modern directory is of more value to the law office than the section which is devoted to the synopses of laws of the several states and foreign jurisdictions."[11]

In 1951, a digest was added for the new country of Israel. Meanwhile, internal conditions as well as difficulties of communication with Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland and Rumania had made it necessary to withdraw publication of law digests for these countries. These law digests were revised and again published in the 1990s. Throughout the years Martindale Hubbell Law Digest, which was revised and published annually, has been considered as an incomplete encyclopaedia of comparative law in English.[12][13][14]

In 1963, Martindale-Hubbell Law Directory was published in four volumes. Volumes I, II and III contained in the geographical section a roster as complete as possible of the Bar of the U.S. and Canada with ratings and other information, listings of the U.S. Government lawyers located at Washington, D.C., grouped by Departments, Agencies etc. A special section contained names of lawyers registered before the United States Patent Office. A similar section for Canada was included. In another part of the Directory was presented a selected list of lawyers in other countries. Volume IV contained digests of the laws and court calendars for the fifty states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands and digests of the U.S. Copyright, Patent and Trademark laws. Some of the Uniform and Model Acts were also included as well as were digests of the laws of the Dominion of Canada, of the Canadian Provinces and of 53 countries or jurisdictions, including Germany, the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics, the Republic of China, England, Scotland and Northern Ireland, Yugoslavia.[15]

In 1990, Martindale-Hubbell was purchased by Reed International P.L.C.[16][17] Reed Elsevier came into being in 1992, following the merger of Reed International, a British trade book and magazine publisher, and Elsevier, the Netherlands-based scientific publisher.[18]

2007 Edition of Martindale-Hubbell Law Digest on CD-ROM. This was Martindale Hubbell's One Hundred Thirty Ninth Year. The complete Martindale-Hubbell Law Digest was compiled and updated each year by prominent law firms and legal scholars in each jurisdiction. It included up-to-date digests of the laws of the 50 states of the USA, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands, useful information on the United States Federal, Copyright and Trademark laws, the United States Uniform and Model Acts as well as American Bar Association's Codes. The International Digest included summaries of the laws of 82 countries, a separate digest setting forth European Union Law, in deference to the laws of many European countries and selected international conventions.

The 2006 printed edition of the Martindale-Hubbell International Law Directory presented in-depth profiles on more than 8,000 law firms and 100,000 lawyers from 165 countries, from Afghanistan to Zimbabwe.[19] The 2006 edition of the Martindale Hubbell Law Digest appeared in a two-volume set. The first volume of this described and advertised as “the single most useful legal compendium available in the world” contained comprehensive digests of the laws of each of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands[20], digests of the U.S. Federal, Copyright, Patent and Trademark laws of the United States, the Model Rules for Professional Conduct of the American Bar Association, the Code of Judicial Conduct and the composition, jurisdiction and rules of procedure of the American Bar Association Standing Committee on Ethics and Professional Responsibility.[21] The second volume contained digests of the laws of 82 major trading countries as well as brief descriptions of their government and legal systems.[22] In case of Australia and Canada, digests of the states and provinces of these countries were included along with the digest of their federal laws, and a separate digest of the European Union law, because of its significance for a number of European countries. The aim of the digests was: "to present the points of law most likely to be of assistance to a lawyer with a matter at hand, some facet of which is controlled by the law of that country".[23] The digests were compiled and revised by distinguished lawyers and legal scholars of the respective states and countries.[24] The second volume contained also the texts of ten international conventions, to which the United States of America was a party, the complete texts of many Uniform Acts including the Uniform Commercial Code and the Uniform Probate Code and four Model Acts including the Revised Model Business Corporation Act.[25]

In 2007, Martindale Hubbell Law Digest ceased to be printed in the standard bound two volumes and became available via CD-ROM and via subscription On-line. Individual digests became available for purchase via amazon.com. In 2009, all the 150 Law Digests could be consulted free of charge on martindale.com.[26][27]

In October 2013, Reed Elsevier entered into a joint venture with Internet Brands, LLC.[28] In March 2014, the joint venture was completed resulting in the combination of Martindale-Hubbell, Lawyers.com and Internet Brand's Nolo legal division creating the largest online legal network. The joint venture operates under the name of Martindale-Hubbell.[2]

Products and services

2010 Edition of Martindale Hubbell Law Digest ON CD-ROM. This was the last published edition of the Law Digest. Some of noted revisers were Faculty of Law, University of Cambridge, University College Dublin, National University of Ireland, Université libre de Bruxelles, University of South Carolina School of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Auckland, Garrigues, Coudert Brothers, Altheimer & Gray, White & Case, Squire, Sanders & Dempsey LLP, Curtis, Mallet-Prevost, Colt & Mosle, Borden Ladner Gervais, Allens Arthur Robinson, Finnegan, Henderson, Farabow, Garrett & Dunner, Miller, Canfield, Paddock & Stone etc.

References

  1. ↑ Artley, Meredith (2004-10-23). "Finding legal information online". The New York Times. Nytimes.com. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
  2. 1 2 "Internet Brands® and LexisNexis Announce Completion of Joint Venture Combining Professional and Consumer Legal Brands" (PDF) (Press release). Internet Brands. 2014-03-03. Retrieved 2015-02-27.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "About Martindale-Hubbell". Martindale.com. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
  4. ↑ Martindale, James B. (1874). Revised Annually, Martindale's United States Law Directory for 1874: Containing the Names of One or More of the Most Reliable Law Firms, Banks, and Real Estate Agents in Each of the Principal Cities and Towns of the United States and Canada; And Also, An Extensive Digest of the Commercial Laws of Each of the States and Territories and Canada, with the Times for Holding Courts; the Bankrupt Law in Full, With All the Forms and Rules of Court; Also, A Complete List of All the Money Order Post Offices in the United States. Indianopolis, Ind: J.B. Martindale & Co., Managers of the Western Law and Collection Association. p. iii.
  5. ↑ The National Legal Directory, Embracing the Names of One or More of the Leading and Most Reliable Attorneys In Over Three Thousand Cities and Towns in the United States and Territories. Also, A Synopsis of the Collection of the Laws of Each State; With Rules and Instructions For Taking Depositions, The Execution and Acknowledgement of Deeds, Etc. St. Louis, Mo.: Prepared and Published by HUBBELL & CRAVEN. 1870.
  6. ↑ Martindale, James B. (1896). Twenty-Eight Year, Martindale's American Law Directory (Annual) 1896. Containing All the Lawyers in the United States and Canada-about 85,000 in all-with Date of Birth, Date of Admission, and Ratings (except in very large cities) for Legal Ability, Reliability, Financial Worth and Promptness in Paying Bills; Also Foreign Attorneys in Every Civilized Country in the World. United States Consular Service, Banks in the United States and Canada. Law Digests of all the States and Provinces, Court Calendars of all the States and Territories. All of which have been thoroughly revised and brought up to date. Indispensable in Every Line of Business where credits are given or collections made. Honesty, Capability and Promptness are the best Guarantees. If a lawyer possess these, you want no guarantee bond. If not, a bond will prove only a delusion and a snare. Chicago, 324 Dearborn Street: J.B.Martindale. p. 4.
  7. ↑ Hubbell, J.H., ed. (1896). 1896, Twenty-sixth Year, Hubbell's Legal Directory for Lawyers and Business Men, Containing the Names of One or More of the Leading and Most Reliable Attorneys in Over Four Thousand Cities and Towns in the United States and Canada, A Synopsis of the Collection of Laws of each State, and Canada, with Instructions for Taking Depositions, the Execution and Acknowledgement of Deeds, Wills; A Synopsis of Patent Laws, etc., and Times for Holding Courts throughout the United States and Territories for the Year 1896 (Revised to October 1st, 1895.); Also a List of U.S. Consuls, With the Officers and Committees of the American Bar Association; To Which is Added a List of Prominent Banks and Bankers Throughout the U.S. New York: The Mutual Reserve Building, 309 Broadway; Chicago: 184 Dearborn Street: The Hubbell Publishing Company. p. 5.
  8. ↑ Forty-Eight Year, Martindale's American Law Directory (Annual), January 1916; Established by J.B. Martindale in 1868. New York, General Offices: Woolworth Building: G.B. Martindale, Publisher. 1916.
  9. ↑ Sixtieth Year, Hubbbell's Legal Directory, 1930; for the Service of the Lawyer and Business Execituve; The Oldest Publication of Its Kind. 75 West Street, New York, NY, USA: The Hubbell Publishing Company. 1930.
  10. ↑ Sixty-Third Year, The Martindale-Hubbbell Law Directory (Annual); Martindale's American Law Directory 1868-1930; Hubbell's Legal Directory 1870-1930; The Martindale-Hubbell Law Directory 1931; January 1931 (In Two Volumes). 9-15 Park Place, New York: Martindale Hubbell Law Directory Inc., Publishers. 1931.
  11. ↑ Magrauth, Joseph Walker, ed. (1931). Sixty-Third Year, The Martindale-Hubbbell Law Directory (Annual); Martindale's American Law Directory 1868-1930; Hubbell's Legal Directory 1870-1930; The Martindale-Hubbell Law Directory 1931; January 1931. II. New York: Martindale Hubbell Law Directory. p. iv.
  12. ↑ David, Rene; Brieley, John E.C. (1968). Major Legal Systems in the World Today, An Introduction to the Comparative Study of Law (1 ed.). London: The Free Press, Collier-Macmillan Limited. p. 494.
  13. ↑ Stoffel, Walter A. (1987). "National Reports, Switzerland". In Knapp, Viktor. International Encyclopedia of Comparative Law. I. Tübingen and Dorderecht, Boston, Lancaster: J.C.B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck) and Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. S-201.
  14. ↑ See also, e.g., Rheinstein, Max; Glendon, Mary Ann (2011). "Inheritance". Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica Deluxe Edition. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica.
  15. ↑ Martindale-Hubbbell Law Directory in Four Volumes, Ninety-Fifth Annual Edition, 1963, Complete Legal Directory Service. Summit, New Jersey: Martindale Hubbell Inc., Publishers. 1963.
  16. ↑ Prokesch, Steven (1992-02-09). "Britain's Low-Profile Publishing Giant". New York Times. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
  17. ↑ "The Media Business; Martindale Sold to British Publisher". The New York Times. 1989-11-23.
  18. ↑ Edward A. Gargan (6 October 1994). "Reed-Elsevier Building Big Presence in the U.S.". New York Times. Retrieved February 18, 2008.
  19. ↑ Martindale-Hubbell International Law Directory; - I - ; Europe, Asia, Austalasia, Middle East, Africa; Professional Biographies; Law Firms Associations; Expert Services; One Hundred Thirty Eighth Year. World Headquarters; 121 Chanlon Road, New Providence, NJ; Phone: +1-908-771-7777; Fax: +1 908 771 7792; International Office; Procter House 1 Procter Street; London WC1V 6EU United Kingdom; Phone: + 44 (0)20 7911 1920; Fax: + 44 (0) 20 7911 1921; Email: info@martindale.com; www.martindale .com; www.lawyers.com. 2006. p. IV. ISBN 1-56160-720-7.; Martindale-Hubbell International Law Directory; - II - ; North America, The Caribbean, Central America, South America ; Professional Biographies; Law Firms Associations; Expert Services; One Hundred Thirty Eighth Year. World Headquarters; 121 Chanlon Road, New Providence, NJ; Phone: +1-908-771-7777; Fax: +1 908 771 7792; International Office; Procter House 1 Procter Street; London WC1V 6EU United Kingdom; Phone: + 44 (0)20 7911 1920; Fax: + 44 (0) 20 7911 1921; Email: info@martindale.com; www.martindale .com; www.lawyers.com. 2006. p. IV. ISBN 1-56160-721-5.
  20. ↑ The following detailed list of categories and topics were included: INTRODUCTION; GOVERNMENT AND LEGAL SYSTEM: Common Law; Holidays (Holiday Falling on Sunday; Holiday Falling on Saturday; Legality of Transactions on Saturday, Sunday or Holiday); Office Hours and Time Zone; BUSINESS ORGANIZATION: Agency; Associations (Formation; Rights and Powers; Liabilities; Actions; Dissolution; Professional Associations); Corporations (General Supervision, Purposes, Name, Term of Corporate Existence, Incorporators, Certificate or Articles of Incorporation, Filing of Certificate or Articles, Incorporation Tax or Fee, Filing Fees, License to Do Business, Organization, Paid in Capital Requirements, Amendment of Certificate or Articles, Increase or Decrease of Authorized Capital Stock, By-laws, Stock, Stock Certificates, Issuance of Stock, Transfer of Stock, Uniform Simplification of Fiduciary Security Transfers Act[adopted], Stock Transfer Tax, Stockholders Actions, Stockholders’ Liabilities, Stockholders’ Meetings, Voting Trusts, Directors, Directors’ Meetings, Powers and Duties of Directors, Liabilities of Directors, Liabilities of Directors, Officers, Liabilities of Officers, Indemnification of Directors and Officers, Principal Office, Resident Agent, General Powers of Corporations, Dividends, Unclaimed Dividends, Sale or Transfer of Corporate Assets, Books and Records, Reports, Corporate Bonds or Mortgages, Merger and Consolidation, Share Exchange or Acquisitions, Tender Offers, Dissolution, Insolvency and Receivers, Close Corporations, Appraisal, Foreign Corporations, Taxation of Corporate Property, Taxation of Corporate Stock, Franchise Tax, Professional Corporations, Deeds, Model Non-Profit Corporation Act [adopted]); Foreign Corporations; Joint Stock Companies (Purposes, Formation, Rights, Powers and Liabilities, Actions, Dissolution, Massachusetts Trusts, Professional Associations (or Corporations)); Limited Liability Companies (General Supervision, Formation, Purposes, Powers, Name, Articles of Organization, Registered Office and Registered Agent, Management, Dissolution, Filing Fees); Limited Partnership; Partnerships (Formation, Name, Rights and Liabilities of Partners Inter Se, Rights and Liabilities of Partners as to Third Persons, Dissolution, Administration of Partnership Property, Limited Partnership, Out-of-State Partnerships); BUSINESS REGULATION AND COMMERCE: Banks and Banking (Regulated by, Stockholders, Deposits, Unclaimed Deposits, Collections, Trust Companies, Uniform Common Trust Fund Act, Foreign Banks); Bills and Notes (Special Requirements, Judgment Notes, Attorney Fees, Special Defenses); Bills of Lading; Bills of Sale; Blue Sky Law; Brokers (Licenses, Bond, Real Estate Brokers); Bulk Sales; Carriers (Licenses, Rates, Discrimination, Limited Liability, Bills of Lading, Liens); Commercial Code (Filing Fees); Conditional Sales; Consignments, Consumer Protection (Plain Language); Contracts; Factors (License Requirements, Liens, Consignment Agreements); Franchises; Frauds, Statute Of (Contracts of Sale; Part Performance); Interest (Maximum Rate; Judgements, Open Accounts, Small Loans, Usury); Licenses, Business and Professional (Commercial Travelers, Collection Agencies); Monopolies, Restraint of Trade and Competition (Unfair Trade Practices); Negotiable Instruments; Restraint of Trade; Sales (Contracts of Sale, Bills of Sale, Product Liability, Retail Credit Sales, Consumer Protection, Bulk Sales, Sales of Motor Vehicles, International Sale of Goods); Securities (Supervision, Regulatory Powers of Supervising Authority, Prerequisites to Sales or Offerings, Securities to Which Act Applicable, Exempt Securities, Exempt Transactions, Registration of Offerers, Registration of Securities, Registration of Dealers, Brokers and Agents, Licenses, Bonds, Advertisements, Liabilities, Tender Offers, Subdivision Offerings, Franchising, Pyramid Sales, Etc., Uniform Simplification of Fiduciary Security Transfer Act [adopted]); Statute of Frauds; Trust Receipt Security; Warehousemen (Bonds, Licenses); Citizenship; Aliens (Property); CIVIL ACTION AND PROCEDURE: Accord and Satisfaction (Compromise, Pleading); Actions (Equity, Forms of Action, Conditions Precedent, Commencement, Parties, Class Action, Intervention, Interpleader, Third Party Practice, Joinder of Causes of Action, Splitting Causes of Action, Consolidation of Actions, Severance of Actions, Stay of Proceedings, Abatement and Revival, Limitation of, Small Claims, Termination of Actions, Prohibited Actions, Administration, Direct Actions Against Insurer); Appeal and Error (Appeal Bond, Stay of Proceedings, Extent of Review, Character of Review, Character of Hearing, Judgment or Order on Appeal); Bonds (Sureties, Enforcement); Certiorari (Jurisdiction, Grounds, Proceedings, Review); Charitable Immunity; Commissions to Take Testimony; Costs (Security for Costs, Liability of Attorney); Damages (Comparaive Negligence Rule, Charitable Immunity, Sovereign Immunity, No-Fault Insurance, Uniform Contribution Among Tortfeasors Act (Revised)); Declaratory Damages; Deposition and Discovery (Within State for Use within State; Within State for Use Elsewhere, Outside of State for Use within State, De Bene Esse, Perpetuating Testimony, Before Whom Taken, Commissions, Compelling Attendance of Witnesses, Examination of Witnesses, Return, Form, Discovery, Demand for Admission of Facts, Interrogatories); Equity; Evidence (Witnesses: Privileged Communication, Husband and Wife, Communications or Transactions with Persons Since Deceased or Incompetent, Self-Incrimination, Compelling Attendance); Injunctions (Jurisdiction, Prerequisites, Procedure, Bond, Temporary Injunction); Judgments (Judgments by Confession, Judgments by Consent, Judgments on Pleadings, Summary Judgments, Declaratory Judgments, Default Judgments, Offer of Judgment, Docketing, Vacation or Modification, Lien, Revival, Assignment, Satisfaction, Actions, Foreign Judgments, Revised Uniform Enforcement of Foreign Judgments Act [adopted] ); Limitation of Actions (Actions Not Specifically Provided For, New Actions, Foreign Causes of Action, Disabilities of Plaintiff, Absence of Concealment of Defendant, Interruption of Statutory Period, Revival of Barred Claims, Contractual Limitations, Pleading); Negligence; Pleading (Pleadings Permitted, Complaint, Answer, Counterclaim or Set-Off, Reply, Demurrer, Amended or Supplemental Pleadings, Affidavits of Merits, Affidavits of Defense, Bills of Particulars, Verification, Service, Filing, Time, Proof of Claims, Small Claims); Practice (Small Claims); Process (General Requisites, By Whom Issued, Who May Serve, Personal Service on Individual, Personal Service on Infant, Personal Service on Incompetent Person, Personal Service on Partnership, Personal Service on Domestic Corporation, Personal Service on Association, Personal Service on Joint Stock Company, Personal Service on Foreign Corporation, Personal Service Outside the State, Service by Mail, Substituted Service, Service by Publication, Long Arm Statute, Proof of Service, Nonresident Motorist); Replevin (Proceedings, Repossession, Claims of Third Persons, Judgment or Order); Sequestration; Service, Stay of Execution; Submission of Controversy; Venue (Change of Venue, Contract Provisions); Witnesses; COURTS AND LEGISLATURE: Courts (Small Claims Courts); Legislature (Special or Extraordinary Sessions, Initiative and Referendum, Lobbyists); Reports (Unofficial Reports, Digests); Statutes (Uniform Acts); Uniform Laws; CRIMINAL LAW: Criminal Law (Indictment or Information; Bail; Interstate Compact for Supervision of Parolees and Probationers, Amended Uniform Criminal Extradition Act); DEBTOR AND CREDITOR: Assignments (Instrument Transferring Title, Filing, Recording, Notice, Effect, Assignment of Wages) Attachment (Actions to Which Allowed, Courts Which May Issue Writ, In Whose Favor Writ May Issue, Against Whom Writ May Issue, Claims on Which Writ May Issue, Grounds, Proceedings to Obtain, Attachment Bond, Levy, Indemnity, Lien, Priorities, Release of Property, Sale, Third Party Claims, Vacation or Modification) Consumer Credit; Creditors’ Suits; Executions (Kinds of Execution, Exemptions, Time of Issuance, Stay, Lien, Levy, Return, Priorities, Claims of Third Persons, Satisfaction, Sale, Redemption, Supplementary Proceedings, Body Execution); Exemptions (Substitution, Debts against Which Exemptions Not Allowed, Waiver of Exemption, Necessity of Claiming Exemption, Earnings); Foreclosure; Fraudulent Sales and Conveyances (Uniform Fraudulent Conveyances Act [adopted], Remedies, Bulk Sales); Garnishment (Property Which May Ne Reached, Jurisdiction, Proceedings to Obtain, Answer of Garnishee, Practice, Adverse Claims, Judgment, Earnings); Homesteads (Limitation of Value, Limitation of Area, Debts or Liabilities against Which Exemption Not Available, Designation of Homestead, Claim of Exemption, Waiver of Exemption, Loss of Exemption, Alienation or Encumbrance, Proceeds of Sale, Rights of Surviving Spouse and Family); Judgment Notes; Levy; Liens (Waiver, Loss or Extinguishment; Enforcement, Mechanics’ Lien, Attachment Lien, Attorney’s Lien, Collateral Security, Execution Lien, Judgment Lien, Landlord’s Lien, Liens on Exempt Property, Liens on Homestead, Real Estate Mortgage Lien, Tax Lien); Mechanics’ Liens; Pledges (Remedies of Pledgee); Receivers (Jurisdiction, Proceedings, Eligibility and Competency, Qualifications, Powers and Duties, Compensation, Discharge); Redemption; Supplementary Proceedings, Trustee Process, Usury; DISPUTE RESOLUTION: Alternative Dispute Resolution; Arbitration and Award (Form and Requisites of Submission, Contracts to Arbitrate Future Disputes, Rescission, Powers of Arbitrators, Award and Enforcement Thereof, Judgment on Award, Mandatory Arbitration); DOCUMENTS AND RECORDS: Acknowledgements (Within State, Outside State but within Unites States, Outside United States, Persons in or with U.S. Armed Forces, General Requirements as to Taking, General Requirements of Certificate, Married Women, Attorneys in Fact, Corporations, Foreign Acknowledgements, Effect of Acknowledgement, Proof by Subscribing Witness, Authentication, Forms, Validating Acts, Alternative to Acknowledgment or Proof); Affidavits (General Requirements as to Administration, General Requirement of Jurat, Use of Affidavit, Form, Alternative to Affidavit); Notaries Public (Qualification, Authentication, Seal, Powers and Duties, Territorial Extent of Powers, Expiration of Commission, Fees, Commissioners of Deeds, Officers of U.S. Armed Forces); Records (Recordable Instruments, Place of Recording, Requisites for Recording, Recording Fees, Recording Taxes, Foreign Conveyances or Encumbrances, Effect or Record, Torrens Act, Transfer of Decedent’s Title, Filing Under Commercial Code, Vital Statistics, Lis Pendens); Seals (Corporate Seals, Effect of Seal); Torrens Act; Vital Statistics; EMPLOYMENT: Employer and Employee; Labor Relations (Hours of Labor, Wages, Child Labor, Female Labor, Discrimination, Labor Unions, Labor Disputes, Workers’ Compensation Law, Occupational Deceases, Employers’ Liability Act, Unemployment Compensation); Workers’ Compensation Law ENVIRONMENT: Environmental Regulations (General Supervision, Prohibited Acts of Pollution, Enforcement, Penalties, Permits); ESTATES AND TRUSTS: Administration; Advancement; Allowances, Claims, Death (Survivorship, Actions for Death, Death Certificate, Uniform Anatomical Gift Act, Living Wills); Decedents’ Estates; Descent and Distribution (Surviving Spouse, Half Blood, Posthumous Children or Other Issue, Illegitimates, Adopted Children, Determination of Heirship, Advancements, Election, Renunciation, Escheat); Election; Estates (in property); Executors and Administrators (Preferences in Right to Administer, Eligibility and Competency, Qualification, Exemption from Bond, Issuance of Letters, Removal, Special Kinds of Administration, Public Administrators, Inventory and Appraisal, General Powers and Duties, Notice to Creditors, Presentation of Claims, Proof of Claims, Form, Approval or Rejection of Claims, Payment of Claims, Priorities, Sales, Actions by Representative, Actions against Representative, Allowances, Widow’s Quarantine, Intermediate Accountings, Final Accounting and Settlement, Consent Settlement, Distribution, Distribution If Abroad, Liabilities, Compensation of Representatives, When Administration Unnecessary, Small Estates, Foreign Executors or Administrators, Uniform Fiduciaries Act [adopted], Revised Uniform Principal and Income Act [adopted], Revised Uniform Principal and Income Act [adopted], Uniform Simplification of Fiduciary Security Transfers Act [adopted], Uniform Anatomical Gift Act); Fiduciaries; Intestacy; Living Wills; Proof of Claim; Trusts (Kinds, Creation, Appointment of Trustees, Eligibility and Competency, Qualification, Removal of Trustee, General Powers and Duties of Trustees, Sales, Investments, Securities in Name of Nominee, Bequests and Devises to Inter Vivos Trusts, Accounting, Compensation, Discharge, Uniform Common Trust Fund Act, Revised Uniform Principal and Income Act [adopted], Gifts to Minors, Uniform Fiduciaries Act [adopted], Uniform Simplification of Fiduciary Security Transfers Act [adopted], Accumulation, Perpetuities, Pour Over Trusts, Renunciation); Wills (Testamentary Disposition, Execution, Attestation Clause, Holographic Wills, Nuncupative Wills, Revocation, Revival, Testamentary Gifts by Subscribing Witnesses, Bequests and Devises to Inter Vivos Trusts, Testamentary Guardians, Probate, Self-Proved Wills, Living Wills, Contest, Legacies, Unclaimed Legacies, Lapse, Children, Election, Contribution, Renunciation, Foreign Executed Wills, Foreign Probated Wills, Simultaneous Death, Testamentary Trusts, Uniform Anatomical Gift Act [adopted]); FAMILY: Adoption (Consent Required, Conditions Precedent, Jurisdiction, Venue, Petition, Proceedings, Decree, Name, Effect of Adoption, Setting Aside Adoption); Alimony; Community Property; Desertion; Dissolution of Marriage; Divorce (Grounds for Absolute Divorce, Grounds for Legal Separation, Citizenship Requirements, Residence Requirements, Jurisdiction, Venue, Process, Pleading, Practice, Judgment or Decree, Temporary Alimony, Allowance for Prosecution of Suit, Permanent Alimony, Division of Property of Spouses, Change of Wife’s Name, Custody of Children, Allowance for Support of Children, Remarriage, Foreign Decrees, Separation Agreements, Antenuptial Contracts); Guardian and Ward (Selection of Guardian, Eligibility and Competency, Appointment of Guardian, Qualification, Inventory, Powers and Duties, Investments, Securities in Name of Nominee, Real Estate, Liabilities of Guardian, Accounts, Termination of Guardianship, Insane Persons, Foreign Guardians, Gifts to Minors, Uniform Fiduciaries Act [adopted], Uniform Simplification of Fiduciary Security Transfers Act [adopted]); Husband and Wife (Disabilities of Married Women, Separate Property, Contracts, Antenuptial Contracts, Actions, Agency, Conveyance or Encumbrance of Property, Desertion and Nonsupport, Revised Uniform Reciprocal Enforcement of Support Act [adopted], Community Property); Infants (Emancipation, Disabilities, Ratification of Contracts, Actions, Support of Minor, Parental Responsibility, Adoption, Uniform Transfers to Minors [adopted]); Marriage (Consent Required, Medical Examination, License, Waiting Period, Ceremonial Marriage, Reports of Marriages, Record, Common Law Marriages, Proxy Marriages, Marriages by Written Contract, Prohibited Marriages, Foreign Marriages, Annulment, Antenuptial Contracts); Married Women; HEALTH; INSURANCE: Insurance Companies (Regulated by, Supervision by, Rates, Annual statements must be filed with, Policies, Discrimination, Rebates, Liens, Agents and Brokers, Process Agent, Investments, Foreign Insurance Companies, Retaliatory Laws, Premium Tax, Privilege Tax, Uniform Insurers Liquidation Act [adopted], No-Fault Insurance, Plain Language); Surety and Guaranty Companies; INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY: Trademarks and Tradenames (What May Be Used, Registration, Assignment, Protection Afforded, Infringement, Tradenames); Trade Secrets (Uniform Trade Secrets Act [adopted]); LEGAL PROFESSION: Attorneys and Counselors (Jurisdiction over admissions, Eligibility, Registration As Law Student, Educational Requirements, Petition for Admission, Examination, Clerkship, Admission without Examination, Admission Pro Hac Vice, Licenses, Privileges, Disabilities, Liabilities, Compensation, Lien, Disbarment or Suspension, Unauthorized Practice, Mandatory Continuing Legal Education, Specialty Certification Requirements, Professional Association (or Corporation) ); MINERAL, WATER AND FISHING RIGHTS: Mines and Minerals (Operation of Mines, Safeguarding of Employees, Inspection of Mines, Oil and Gas, Taxes); MORTGAGES: Chattel Mortgage (Filing, Taxation, Forms); Collateral Security, Mortgages of Personal Property, Mortgages of Real Property (Execution, Recording, Recording Fees, Taxes, Trust Deeds, Future Advances, Priorities, Subordination Agreements, Assignment, Release, Satisfaction, Discharge, Foreclosure, Sales, Deficiency Judgments, Moratorium, Redemption, Forms); PROPERTY: Absentees (Care of Property, Process Agent, Escheat); Adverse Possession (Character of Possession, Duration of Possession, Easements, Disabilities); Condominiums; Conveyances; Curtesy; Deeds (Execution, Recording, Recording Fees, Operation and Effect, Taxes, Forms); Deeds of Trust, Dower (Release, Bar, Election); Escheat; Landlord and Tenant (Uniform Commercial Code Art.2 [adopted], Kinds of Tenancy, Leases, Security Deposits, Recording, Rent, Lien, Termination of Tenancy, Holding Over, Dispossession, Distress, Uniform Residential Landlord and Tenant Act [adopted]); Leases; Partition (Jurisdiction and Venue, Proceedings, Partition in Kind or Sale); Perpetuities (Accumulation); Personal Property; Powers of Attorney (Attorney in Fact, Formalities, Revocation, Uniform Durable Power of Attorney Act, Members of Armed Forces); Real Property (Rule in Shelley’s Case, Foreign Conveyances or Encumbrances, Condominiums); Trust Deeds; TAXATION: Taxes (Administration, Real and Personal Property Taxable, Exemptions, Assessment, Review of Assessment, Payment, Collection, Lien, Sale, Redemption, Income Tax, Inheritance Tax, Estate Tax, Apportionment Against Inter Vivos Dispositions, Interstate Cooperation, Gift Tax, Sales Tax, Use Tax, Stamp Tax, Real Estate Conveyance Tax, Mortgage Tax, Gasoline Tax, Unemployment Compensation Tax, Penalties, Uniform Federal Lien Registration Act Amended [adopted]); TRANSPORTATION: Motor Vehicles (Vehicle License, Operation License, Titles, Sales, Liens, Identification Marks, Odometer, Operation Prohibited, Size and Weight Limits, Equipment Required, Inspection, Traffic Regulation, Accidents, Liability of Owner, Guests, Proof of Financial Responsibility, Insurance, No-Fault Insurance, Foreign Vehicles, Nonresident Operators, Actions against Nonresidents, Direct Actions, Motor Vehicle Carriers, Motor Vehicle Taxes, Gasoline Tax, Lemon Law); Railroads; UNIFORM COMMERCIAL LAW FORMS.
  21. ↑ Martindale-Hubbell Law Digest; U.S. States, U.S. Federal, U.S. Copyright, Patent, Trademark Law Digests; A.B.A. Codes. 121 Chanlon Road, New Providence, NJ; Phone: 1-800-526-4902; Email: info@martindale.com; www.martindale .com; www.lawyers.com: LexisNexis Martindale Hubbell; One Hundred Thirty Eighth Year. 2006. ISBN 1-56160-718-5.
  22. ↑ The digests were of: Argentina, Australia, Bahamas, Belgium, Bermuda, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Dominion of Canada, Cayman Islands, Channel Islands (Jersey), Chile, People's Republic of China, Columbia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, England, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Guatemala, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Latvia, Lebanon, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macao, Malaysia, Malta, Mexico, Mongolia, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Northern Ireland, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippine Republic, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Scotland, Singapore, Slovak Republic, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam.
  23. ↑ The following list of categories and topics were included: INTRODUCTION: Administrative Law; Currency; Government and Legal System; Holidays; Office Hours and Time Zone; BUSINESS ORGANIZATION: Agency; Associations; Corporations; Foreign Corporations; Joint Stock Companies; Limited Liability Companies; Partnerships; BUSINESS REGULATION AND COMMERCE: Banks and Banking; Bills and Notes; Bills of Lading; Bills of Sale; Blue Sky Law; Bond; Brokers; Bulk Sales; Carriers; Commercial Code; Commercial Law; Commercial Register; Conditional Sales; Consignments; Consumer Protection; Contracts; Factors; Franchises; Frauds, Statute of; Interest; Licences, Business and Professional; Monopolies, Restraint of Trade and Competition; Negotiable Instruments; Sales; Securities; Statute of Frauds; Warehousemen; CITIZENSHIP: Aliens; Immigration; CIVIL ACTION AND PROCEDURE: Accord and Satisfaction; Actions; Appeal and Error; Certiorari; Charitable Immunity; Costs; Damages; Declaratory Judgments; Depositions and Discovery; Equity; Evidence; Injunctions; Judgments; Limitation of Actions; Partition; Pleading; Practice; Prescription; Process; Replevin; Sequestration; Service; Submission of Controversy; Venue; COURTS AND LEGISLATURE: Courts; Justices of the Peace; Law Reports; Law Reports, Codes; Legislature; Reports; Statutes; CRIMINAL LAW: Bail; DEBTOR AND CREDITOR: Assignments; Assignment for the Benefit of Creditors; Attachment; Bankruptcy; Bankruptcy and Insolvency; Creditors’ Suits; Executions; Exemptions; Foreclosure; Fraudulent Sales and Conveyances; Garnishment; Homesteads; Insolvency; Levy; Liens; Mechanics’ Liens; Pledges; Receivers; Redemption; Stay of Execution; Supplementary Proceedings; Trustee Process; Usury; DISPUTE RESOLUTION: Alternative Dispute Resolution; Arbitration and Award; DOCUMENTS AND RECORDS: Acknowledgments; Affidavits; Commissions to Take Testimony; Notaries Public; Public Instruments; Records; Seals; Vital Statistics; EMPLOYMENT: Employer and Employee; Labor Relations; ENVIRONMENT: Environmental Regulation; ESTATES AND TRUSTS: Administration; Advancements; Allowances; Claims; Death; Decedents’ Estates; Descent and Distribution; Executors and Administrators; Fiduciaries; Intestacy; Trusts; Wills; FAMILY: Adoption; Alimony; Community Property; Desertion; Dissolution of Marriage and Legal Separation; Divorce; Guardian and Ward; Husband and Wife; Infants; Marriage; Married Women; FOREIGN TRADE AND COMMERCE: Customs Duties; Exchange Control; Foreign Exchange; Foreign Investment; Foreign Trade Regulations; INSURANCE: Insurance Companies; Surety and Guaranty Companies; INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY: Copyright; Industrial Property Rights; Patents; Trademarks and Tradenames; LEGAL PROFESSION: Attorneys and Counselors; MINERAL, WATER AND FISHING RIGHTS: Mines and Minerals; MORTGAGES: Chattel Mortgages; Collateral Security; Mortgages of Personal Property; Mortgages of Real Property; Personal Property Security; PROPERTY: Absentees; Adverse Possession; Conveyances; Curtesy; Deeds; Dower; Escheat; Landlord and Tenant; Perpetuities; Real Property; TAXATION: Taxes; TRANSPORTATION: Aircraft; Automobiles; Motor Vehicles; Shipping; TREATIES AND CONVENTIONS: Treaties.
  24. ↑ U.S. SECTION: Alabama: Bradley, Arant Rose & White LLP of Birmingham; Alaska: Robertson, Monagle & Eastaugh of Alaska; Arizona: Fennemore Craig, P.C., Tucson and Nogales; Arkansas: Rose Law Firm of Little Rock; California: Professor Carol A. Wilson and Professor Sharon Meadows, University of San Francisco School of Law; Colorado: Holme Roberts & Owen, LLP of Denver, Boulder and Colorado Springs; Connecticut: Pullman & Comley, LLC of Hartford and Bridgeport; Delaware: Richards, Layton & Finger, P.A. of Wilmington; District of Columbia: Venable LLP of District of Columbia; Florida: Professor Jarret C. Oeltjen of College of Law, Florida State University of Tallahassee; Georgia: Professor Harold S. Lewis, Jr. Of Mercer University School of Law and Macon and Robert J. Hulsey, Esq. Of Roswell; Hawaii: Carlsmith Ball LLP of Honolulu; Idaho: Merrill & Merrill, Chartered of Pocatello; Illinois: Professor Celeste M. Hammond of John Marshall Law School of Chicago; Indiana: Ice Miller of Indiana; Iowa: Finley, Alt, Smith, Scharnberg, Craig, Hilmes & Gaffney, P.C. of Polk County; Kansas: Young, Bogle, McCausland of Wells & Blanchard, P.A. of Wichita; Kentucky: Stites & Harbison, PLLC of Louisville, Frankfort and Lexington; Louisiana: Phelps, Dunbar LLP of New Orleans and Baton Rouge; Maine: Pierce Atwood of Portland; Maryland: Venable LLP of Baltimore; Massachusetts: Professor Richard M. Perlmutter, assisted by Herbert N. Ramy and Ann McGonigle Santos, Suffolk University School of Law of Boston; Michigan: Miller, Canfield, Paddock and Stone, P.L.C. of Detroit, Ann Arbor, Grand Rapids, Howell, Kalamazoo, Lansing, Monroe, Troy, Michigan, New York, New York, Pensacola, Florida, Washington, D.C., Windsor, Ontario, Canada and Gdynia, Katowice and Warsaw, Poland; Minnesota: Faegre & Benson LLP of Minneapolis; Mississippi: Watkins & Eager PLLC of Jackson; Missouri: Swanson Midgley , LLC of Kansas City; Montana: Crowley, Haughey, Hanson, Toole & Dietrich P.L.L.P. of Billings, Helena, Kalispell, Bozeman and Missoula; Nebraska: Fraser Stryker Meusey Olson Boyer & Bloch, PC, of Omaha; Nevada: Woodburn and Wedge of Reno; New Hampshire: Wadleigh, Starr & Peters, P.L.L.C. of Manchester; New Jersey: Sills Cummis Epstein & Gross P.C. of Newark and New York; New Mexico: Rodey, Dickason, Sloan, Akin & Robb, P.A. of Albuquerque and Santa Fe; New York: Coudert Brothers, LLP of New York City; North Carolina: Womble Carlyle Sandridge & Rice, A Professional Limited Liability Company of Charlotte, Durham, Greensboro, Raleigh and Winston –Salem; North Dakota: Nilles, Ilvedson, Stroup, Plambeck & Selbo, Ltd. of Fargo; Ohio: Squire, Sanders, & Dempsey L.L.P. of Cleveland, Cincinnati and Columbus; Oklahoma: McAfee & Taft A Professional Corporation, of Oklahoma City; Oregon: Miller, Nash LLP of Portland; Pennsylvania: Ballard Spahr Andrews & Ingersoll, LLP, of Philadelphia; Puerto Rico: McConnell Valdes of San Juan; Rhode Island: Edwards & Angell, LLP of Providence; South Carolina: University of South Carolina School of Law of Columbia; South Dakota: Davenport, Evans, Hurwitz & Smith L.L.P. of Sioux Falls; Texas: Armstrong Allen, PLLC of Houston; Utah: Van Cott, Bagley, Cornwall & McCarthy of Salt Lake City; Vermont: Ryan Smith & Carbine Ltd. of Rutland; Virgin Islands: Tom Bolt & Associates P.C. of the Virgin Islands; Virginia: McGuire Woods LLP of Almaty, Atlanta, Baltimore, Brussels, Charlotte, Charlottesville, Chicago, Jacksonville, New York, Norfolk, Pittsburgh, Richmond, Tysons Corner and Washington D.C.; Washington: Perkins Coie LLP of Seattle; West Virginia: Jackson Kelly PLLC of Charleston; Wisconsin: Quarles & Brady LLP of Milwaukee and Madison; Wyoming: Brown, Drew & Massey LLP of Casper; U.S. Federal: Professor Richard M. Perlmutter, assisted by Herbert N. Ramy and Ann McGonigle Santos, Suffolk University School of Law of Boston; U.S. Copyright: Baker Botts L.L.P. of New York City; U.S. Patent: Finnegan, Henderson, Farabow, Garrett & Dunner, L.L.P. of Washington, D.C., Reston, VA, Atlanta, GA, Palo Alto, CA, Cambridge, MA, Brussels, Belgium, Tokyo, Japan, Taipei, Taiwan; U.S. Trademark: Finnegan, Henderson, Farabow, Garrett & Dunner, L.L.P. of Washington, D.C., Reston, VA, Atlanta, GA, Palo Alto, CA, Cambridge, MA, Brussels, Belgium, Tokyo, Japan, Taipei, Taiwan; INTERNATIONAL SECTION: Argentina: Curtis, Mallet-Prevost, Colt & Mosle LLP of New York City; Australia: Allens Arthur Robinson; Austria: Zeiner & Zeiner of Vienna; Bahamas: Harry B. Sands, Lobosky and Company; Belgium: Université Libre de Bruxelles; Bermuda: Appleby, Spurling, Hunter; Bolivia and Brazil: Curtis, Mallet-Prevost, Colt & Mosle LLP of New York City; Bulgaria: Dr. Vassil Breskovski, LL.M. of Sofia, Bulgaria and La Coruña, Spain; Dominion of Canada: Borden Ladner Gervals LLP of Toronto; Alberta: Bennett Jones LLP of Calgary; British Columbia: Davis & Company LLP of Vancouver; Manitoba: Aikins, MacAulay & Thorvaldson of Winnipeg; New Brunswick: Clark Drummie of St. John, Moncton, St. Andrews and St. Stephen; New Foundland and Labrador: Lewis, Day of St. John’s New Foundland and Labrador; Nova Scotia: McInnes Cooper of Halifax; Ontario: Borden Ladner Gervals LLP of Toronto; Prince Edward Island: Campbell Lea of Charlottetown; Quebec: Borden Ladner Gervais LLP of Montreal; Saskatchewan: MacPherson Leslie & Tyerman LLP of Regina and Saskatoon; Cayman Island: Walkers, Attorney-at-Law in the Cayman Islands; Channel Islands (Jersey): Ogier & Le Masurier of Jersey; Chile: Curtis, Mallet-Prevost, Colt & Mosle LLP of New York City; China, People Republic of: Anderson & Anderson LLP of Mongolia and Macao; Columbia and Costa Rica: Curtis, Mallet-Prevost, Colt & Mosle LLP of New York City; Cuba: Holland & Knight LLP of Miami, Florida; Cyprus: Andreas Neocleous & Co. Of Limasol; Czech Republic: Zeiner & Zeiner, Prague, Czech Republic; Denmark: Gorrissen Federspiel Kierkegaard, Law Firm, of Copenhagen. Jan Erlund and Søren Fogh, attorneys; Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador: Curtis, Mallet-Prevost, Colt & Mosle LLP of New York City; England: Faculty of Law, Cambridge University, Cambridge; Estonia: The Law Office of Tark & Co of Tallinn; European Union: Université Libre de Bruxelles (IEE), Brussells; Finland: Castrén & Snellman of Helsinki; France: Coudert Brothers of New York City and Coudert Frère of Paris; Germany: Waldeck Rechtanwälte of Frankfurt/Main; Gibraltar: Marrache & Co. of Gibraltar; Greece: Dr. Tryfon J. Koutalidis of Athens; Guatemala and Honduras: Curtis, Mallet-Prevost, Colt & Mosle LLP of New York City; Hong Kong: Robert Wang Solicitors of Hong Kong; Hungary: Nagy & Trócsányi of Budapest and New York; India: Mulla & Mulla & Craigie Blunt & Caroe of Mumbai, Bangalore and New Delhi; Indonesia: Andrew I. Sriro, Esq. in affiliation with Dyah Ersita & Partners of Jakarta; Ireland: School of Law, University College Dublin, National University of Ireland; Israel: Yaakov Salomon, Lipschütz & Co. of Haifa and Tel-Aviv; Italy: Studio Legale Beltramo of Rome; Japan: Blakemore & Mitsuki of Tokyo; Korea: Kim & Chang of Seoul; Latvia: Klavins & Slaidins of the Republic of Latvia, New York, Connecticut, California and England; Lebanon: Khairallah & Chaiban of Beirut; Liechtenstein: Ritter & Wohlwend of Vaduz; Lithuania: Jaunius Gumbus and Laimonas Skibarka with Lidelka, Petrauskas, Valiunas ir partneriai Lawin of Vilnius; Luxembourg: Bonn Schmitt Steichen; Macao: Anderson & Anderson LLP of China and Mongolia; Malaysia: Raslan Loong of Kuala Lumpur of Malaysia; Malta: Rutter Giappone & Associates of Valetta; Mexico: Noriega y Escubedo, A.C. of Mexico; Mongolia: Anderson & Anderson LLP of California and China; Netherlands: Molengraaf Institute for Private and European Law of Utrecht; New Zealand: Faculty of Law, University of Auckland, New Zealand; Nicaragua: Curtis, Mallet-Prevost, Colt & Mosle LLP of New York City; Nigeria: AELEX of Lagos, Port Harcourt and Accra; Northern Ireland: C & Jefferson of Belfast; Norway: Advokatfirmaet NORDIA DA, Oslo; Pakistan: Surrige & Beecheno of Karachi; Panama: Icaza, Gonzalez-Ruiz & Aleman of Panama; Paraguay: Peroni Sosa Tellechea Burt & Narvaja of Asunción; Peru: Curtis, Mallet-Prevost, Colt & Mosle LLP of New York City; Philippine Republic: Ortega, Del Castillo, Bacorro, Odulio, Calma & Carbonell of Manila; Poland: Chadbourne & Parke LLP of New York City, and Radzikowski, Szubielska i Wspolnicy, Sp. K. of Warsaw; Portugal: Dr. Nuno Reynolds Telles Pereira and Dr. Miguel Almeida Fernandes of Cascais; Romania: SALANS of Bucharest; Russian Federation: Reznik, Gagarin, Abushakhmin & Partners of Moscow; Saudi Arabia: White & Case LLP of New York City and Law Office of Mohammed Al-Sheikh Mahassni in Association with White & Case of Riyadh; Scotland: Digby Brown of Glasgow; Singapore: David Chong & Co. of Singapore; Slovak Republic: Čechová & Partners of Bratislava; South Africa: Cliffe Dekker Inc. of Johannesburg and Cape Town; Spain: Garriguez; Sweden: Baker & McKenzie Advokatbyrå of Stockholm; Switzerland: Pestalozzi Lachenal Patry of Zurich and Geneva; Taiwan: Lee and Li of Taipei, Taiwan (Formosa); Thailand: Tilleke & Gibbins, Thailand and Vietnam; Turkey: Yilmaz Öz of Ankara; Ukraine: Chadbourne & Parke LLP of Kyiv and New York City; Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam: Curtis, Mallet-Prevost, Colt & Mosle LLP of New York City; Vietnam: Tilleke & Gibbins, Bangkok, Thailand and Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
  25. ↑ Martindale-Hubbell International Law Digest; Argentina-Vietnam International Law Digests; Selected International Conventions; U.S. Uniform Acts. World Headquarters; 121 Chanlon Road, New Providence, NJ; Phone: +1-908-771-7777; Fax: +1 908 771 7792; International Office; Procter House 1 Procter Street; London WC1V 6EU United Kingdom; Phone: + 44 (0)20 7911 1920; Fax: + 44 (0) 20 7911 1921; Email: info@martindale.com; www.martindale .com; www.lawyers.com: LexisNexis Martindale Hubbell; One Hundred Thirty Eighth Year. 2006. ISBN 1-56160-719-3.
  26. ↑ martindale.com
  27. ↑ LexisHub Staff (2009-10-09). "Press Release: Martindale-Hubbell Law Digests Now Available For Your Free Use". LexisNexis.com LexisNexis® Legal Newsroom Lexis Hub. Retrieved 2016-09-16.
  28. ↑ "Press Release: LexisNexis Martindale-Hubbell and Internet Brands Announce Joint Venture". ReedElsevier.com. 2013-08-30. Retrieved 2015-01-23.
  29. ↑ Shoptaw, Taylor. "Digest > Adams and Reese Named a Top Law Firm by Fortune". Memphis Daily News. Martindale-Hubbell peer review ratings are based on the confidential opinions of lawyers and members of the judiciary who provide reviews of lawyers about whom they have professional knowledge.
  30. ↑ Lawyers.com
  31. ↑ martindale.com
  32. ↑ Nusbaum, Marci Alboher (2000-05-11). "Untangling the Legal Maze by Surfing the Web". New York Times. Nytimes.com. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
  33. 1 2 Lee, Jennifer 8. (2001-02-22). "Legal Aid Online; Web's Law Library: A Partial Catalog". New York Times. Nytimes.com. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
  34. ↑ Sarji, Hani (2012-04-18). "Declining Health Is Scary: Estate And Financial Planning Can Protect You". Forbes. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
  35. ↑ "New Jury Verdict Roundup Launched on Lawyers.com Blog". MarketWatch.com. 2011-11-07. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
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