Hussainiya

Hussainia

Hussainia in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Arabic (عربي) حسينية (ḥussainiā)
مأتم (ma'tam)
Hindi (हिंदी) इमामबाड़ा (imāmbāṛā)

आशुरख़ाना (āshurkhānā)

Bengali (বাংলা) ইমামবাড়া (Imambarha)
Persian (فارسى) حسینیه (ḥosseiniyeh)
Urdu (اُردوُ) امامباڑا (imāmbāṛā)
امامبارگاہ (imāmbārgāh)
عاشور خانہ (āshurkhānā)
حسينيہ (ḥussainiā)

A hussainia (Persian: حسینیه), also known as an ashurkhana, imambargah, or imambara, is a congregation hall for Shia commemoration ceremonies, especially those associated with the Remembrance of Muharram.[1] The name comes from Husayn Ibn Ali, the grandson of Muhammad and the third imam of the Shia Muslims. Imam Hussain was killed by the Umayyad caliph Yazid I at the Battle of Karbala in Iraq, on October 10, 680 AD. Shias commemorate the martyrdom of Imam Hussain every year on the day of Ashura in hussainias all over the world.[2]

There are other ceremonies holding during a year in the hossainya(s). In fact, hossainya is not just to mourn the Ashoura. Many other religious ceremonies hold in this place, as well as the mourning of Ashoura day.


History

From the time of the Safavid was ruling in Iran, when Shia tended to hold the religious and mourning ceremonies, not only the passageways or the roofed places were used for the religious communities, even to make the Hoseynias and also Takyeh(s) became commonplace. Any Hosseynia had some booths (or rooms) and arcades, both in large and small sizes. Also in many allays and streets, on the days near Ashoura, the religious people blackened the walls and the roofs and illuminated them, by the colorful lights… From the age of Zand, many bigger and vaster Takye(s) was made just to hold Tazia, where there was a stage by the height of one meter from the floor, to show the different senses of Tazieh.[3]


Some rules (Ahkam)

A hussainiya is different from a mosque in that it is intended mainly for gatherings for Muharram in the mourning of Hussain ibn Ali, and also the other Shia Imams, and may not necessarily hold juma'at, or Friday prayers. In South Asia, a hussainia can also be referred to as an imambara, imambargah, or ashurkhana. In Bahrain, and the United Arab Emirates, it is called a ma'tam (مأتم). In Lebanon, it is called Arabic: حسينية‎‎ – hussainiā. In Afghanistan and Central Asia, the equivalent term for a Shia congregation hall is takyakhana.

Another difference which makes it distinguished from a mosque, is that a hossainya have non of the mosque's ahkam. For example, it is not forbidden for a pagan to enter a hossainya. However, hossainya(s) and Takyeh(s), are respected in the Shia culture.

Notable Hussainias

A history image from Zanjan azam Hussainiya in Iran
A Hussainia in Iran
Imambara Wazeer Un Nisa in Amroha, India
Monday, 3rd November 2014. (The 9th of Muharram 1436 Hijri.). Residence of Mr. Aziz Alam, Sharif Manzil, Husainabad, Lucknow.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Juan Eduardo Campo (1 January 2009). Encyclopedia of Islam. Infobase Publishing. pp. 318–. ISBN 978-1-4381-2696-8.
  2. ↑ Calmard, Jean (15 December 2004). ḤOSAYNIYA. Retrieved 5 October 2015.
  3. ↑ The Iranian social history, (تاریخ اجتماعی ایران) written in persian, V 5, P 340
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