Scutellaria baicalensis

Scutellaria baicalensis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Scutellaria
Species: S. baicalensis
Binomial name
Scutellaria baicalensis
Georgi[1]
Synonyms

Scutellaria macrantha Fisch.[1]

Scutellaria baicalensis (or Baikal skullcap, as opposed to Scutellaria lateriflora, a skullcap native to North America) is a species of flowering plant in the Lamiaceae family.

Distribution

The plant is cultivated in Siberia, Mongolia, the Russian Far East, China and Korea.[1]

Traditional Chinese medicine

It is one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine, where it has the name huáng cen (Chinese: ).[2] As a Chinese traditional medicine, huang qin usually refers to the dried root of S. baicalensis Georgi, S. viscidula Bge., S. amoena C.H. Wright, and S. ikoninkovii Ju.

Pharmacology

Several chemical compounds have been isolated from the root; baicalein, baicalin, wogonin, norwogonin, oroxylin A[3] and β-sitosterol are the major ones.[4]

Name confusion

It is important to use the Latin name, as the term skullcap is used for over 200 varieties, and various ailments, each with varying degrees of effectiveness. Sometimes, Scutellaria lateriflora (North American skullcap) is mistaken for S. baicalensis. This confusion can result in the intake of the S. lateriflora variety which can be processed and contaminated with other plants at high enough levels to be of concern.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Scutellaria baicalensis information from NPGS/GRIN". USDA. Retrieved 2008-02-19.
  2. Zhang XW; Li WF; Li WW; Ren KH; Fan CM; Chen YY; Shen YL (2011). "Protective effects of the aqueous extract of Scutellaria baicalensis against acrolein-induced oxidative stress in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells". Pharm Biol. 49 (3): 256–261. PMID 20979538. doi:10.3109/13880209.2010.501803.
  3. Isolation and purification of baicalein, wogonin and oroxylin A from the medicinal plant Scutellaria baicalensis by high-speed counter-current chromatography. Hua-Bin Li and Feng Chen, Journal of Chromatography A, 13 May 2005, Volume 1074, Issues 1–2, pages 107–110, doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2005.03.088
  4. Yang LX, Liu D, Feng XF, Cui SL, Yang JY, Tang XJ, He XR, Liu JF, Hu SL (2002). "[Determination of flavone for Scutellaria baicalensis from different areas by HPLC]". Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi (in Chinese). 27 (3): 166–70. PMID 12774393.
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