Howrah district

Howrah district
District of West Bengal

Location of Howrah district in West Bengal
Country India
State West Bengal
Administrative division Presidency
Headquarters Howrah
Government
 • Lok Sabha constituencies Howrah, Uluberia, Serampore - partly
 • Assembly seats Bally, Howrah Uttar, Howrah Madhya, Shibpur, Howrah Dakshin, Sankrail, Panchla, Uluberia Purba, Uluberia Uttar, Uluberia Dakshin, Shyampur, Bagnan, Amta, Udaynarayanpur, Jagatballavpur, Domjur
Area
 • Total 1,467 km2 (566 sq mi)
Population (2011)
 • Total 4,850,029
 • Density 3,300/km2 (8,600/sq mi)
Demographics
 • Literacy 83.31 %
 • Sex ratio 935
Major highways NH 16
Average annual precipitation 1461 mm
Website Official website

Howrah district (Pron:ɦauːɽaː) (Bengali: হাওড়া জেলা) is a district of the West Bengal state in eastern India. It has thousands of years of rich heritage in the form of the great Bengali kingdom of Bhurshut. The district is named after its headquarters, the city of Howrah.[1]

Howrah bridge in hoogli river

Geography

The Howrah district lies between 22°48′ N and 22°12′ N latitudes and between 88°23′ E and 87°50′ E longitudes.[2] The district is bounded by the Hooghly River and the North 24 Parganas and South 24 Parganas districts on the east, on the north by the Hooghly district (Arambagh and Shrirampur sub-divisions), and on the south by Midnapore East district (Tamluk sub-division). On the west Howrah district is bordered by the Ghatal sub-division of Midnapore West district, and partly by the Arambagh sub-division of Hooghly district to the north-west, and the Tamluk sub-division of Midnapore East district to the south-west.

Boundaries of the district are naturally determined by Rupnarayan River on west and south-west, and by Bhagirathi-Hooghly river on east and south-east side. On north side, the boundary is an artificial one except for Bally Canal on north-east and Damodar River on north-west.[3]

Annual normal rainfall is 1461 millimetre per year. Annual maximum temperature varies between 32-39 °C, whereas minimum temperature varies between 8-10 °C.

Divisions

Administrative subdivisions

Howrah district has two subdivisions: Howrah Sadar and Uluberia. Howrah Sadar consists of Bally municipality and Howrah municipal corporation and five community development blocks (CD blocks): Bally–Jagacha, Domjur, Panchla, Sankrail and Jagatballavpur. Uluberia subdivision consists of Uluberia Municipality and nine CD blocks: Uluberia–I, Uluberia–II, Amta–I, Amta–II, Udaynarayanpur, Bagnan–I, Bagnan–II, Shyampur–I and Shyampur–II.[4]

Howrah district has 1 municipal corporation in Howrah, 2 municipalities in Bally and Uluberia. Rest of the area under this district is divided in 14 community development blocks. Each block consists of rural area divided into gram panchayats along with urban units like census towns.[5] This district has 11 police stations,[6] 157 gram panchayats,[7] and 50 census towns. Khalisani in Uluberia - II block and Chak Srikrishna in Sankrail block were noted as urban outgrowths in census 2001.

Howrah Sadar subdivision

Uluberia subdivision

Assembly constituencies

The district is divided into 16 assembly constituencies:[8]

  1. Bally (assembly constituency no. 161),
  2. Howrah North (assembly constituency no. 162),
  3. Howrah Central (assembly constituency no. 163),
  4. Howrah South (assembly constituency no. 164),
  5. Shibpur (assembly constituency no. 165),
  6. Domjur (assembly constituency no. 166),
  7. Jagatballavpur (assembly constituency no. 167),
  8. Panchla (assembly constituency no. 168),
  9. Sankrail (SC) (assembly constituency no. 169),
  10. Uluberia North (SC) (assembly constituency no. 170),
  11. Uluberia South (assembly constituency no. 171),
  12. Shyampur (assembly constituency no. 172),
  13. Bagnan (assembly constituency no. 173),
  14. Kalyanpur (assembly constituency no. 174),
  15. Amta (assembly constituency no. 175) and
  16. Udaynarayanpur (assembly constituency no. 176).

Sankrail and Uluberia North constituencies are reserved for Scheduled Castes (SC) candidates. Bally, Howrah North, Howrah Central, Howrah South, Shibpur, Domjur and Sankrail constituencies form the Howrah (Lok Sabha constituency). Uluberia North, Uluberia South, Shyampur, Bagnan, Kalyanpur, Amta and Udaynarayanpur constituencies form the Uluberia (Lok Sabha constituency). Along with five assembly constituencies from Hooghly district, Jagatballavpur and Panchla constituencies form the Serampore (Lok Sabha constituency).

Impact of delimitation of constituencies

As per order of the Delimitation Commission in respect of the delimitation of constituencies in the West Bengal, the district will be divided into 16 assembly constituencies:[9]

  1. Bally (assembly constituency no. 169),
  2. Howrah Uttar (assembly constituency no. 170),
  3. Howrah Madhya (assembly constituency no. 171),
  4. Shibpur (assembly constituency no. 172),
  5. Howrah Dakshin (assembly constituency no. 173),
  6. Sankrail (SC) (assembly constituency no. 174),
  7. Panchla (assembly constituency no. 175),
  8. Uluberia Purba (assembly constituency no. 176),
  9. Uluberia Uttar (SC) (assembly constituency no. 177),
  10. Uluberia Dakshin (assembly constituency no. 178),
  11. Shyampur (assembly constituency no. 179),
  12. Bagnan (assembly constituency no. 180),
  13. Amta (assembly constituency no. 181),
  14. Udaynarayanpur (assembly constituency no. 182),
  15. Jagatballavpur (assembly constituency no. 183) and
  16. Domjur (assembly constituency no. 184).

Sankrail and Uluberia North constituencies will remain reserved for Scheduled Castes (SC) candidates. Bally, Howrah North, Howrah Central, Shibpur, Howrah South, Sankrail and Panchla constituencies will form the Howrah (Lok Sabha constituency). Uluberia East, Uluberia North, Uluberia South, Shyampur, Bagnan, Amta and Udaynarayanpur constituencies will form the Uluberia (Lok Sabha constituency). Along with five assembly constituencies from Hooghly district, Jagatballavpur and Domjur constituencies will form the Sreerampur (Lok Sabha constituency).

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Howrah district has a population of 4,841,638,[10] roughly equal to the nation of Singapore[11] or the US state of Alabama.[12] This gives it a ranking of 23rd in India (out of a total of 640).[10] The district has a population density of 3,300 inhabitants per square kilometre (8,500/sq mi) .[10] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 13.31%.[10] Haora has a sex ratio of 935 females for every 1000 males,[10] and a literacy rate of 83.85%.[10]

Total area in Howrah District is 1467 km2. Total population is 4,273,099 as per census 2001 records. 57.91% of the population live in Howrah Sadar subdivision and rest 42.09% live in Uluberia subdivision. Population Density: 2913 per km2.[4]

References

  1. ↑ Howrah
  2. ↑ "Geographical location of Howrah district and its headquarters".
  3. ↑ "Howrah, the second largest city of West Bengal and twin of Kolkata is said to have a rich history that dates back to 500 years". line feed character in |title= at position 70 (help)
  4. 1 2 "Area and Population information on Howrah District". Official website of Howrah District from Portal of Government of India. Retrieved 11 November 2008.
  5. ↑ "Population, Decadal Growth Rate, Density and General Sex Ratio by Residence and Sex, West Bengal/ District/ Sub District, 1991 and 2001". West Bengal. Directorate of census operations. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 12 October 2008.
  6. ↑ "Census of India 2001, Final Population Totals, West Bengal, Rural Frame". West Bengal. Directorate of census operations. Retrieved 11 November 2008.
  7. ↑ "Directory of District, Sub division, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal, March 2008". West Bengal. National Informatics Centre, India. 19 March 2008. Archived from the original on 25 February 2009. Retrieved 11 November 2008.
  8. ↑ "General election to the Legislative Assembly, 2001 – List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies" (PDF). West Bengal. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 April 2008. Retrieved 19 November 2008.
  9. ↑ "Press Note, Delimitation Commission" (PDF). Assembly Constituencies in West Bengal. Delimitation Commission. Retrieved 19 November 2008.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
  11. ↑ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 1 October 2011. Singapore 4,740,737 July 2011 est.
  12. ↑ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Alabama 4,779,736
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