History of Albanians in Maine

In the early 20th century, the US mill industry began recruiting weavers from Southern Mediterranean countries skilled in patterns new to American consumers. Many men from Albania and Turkey left their homelands to work the mills of Southern Maine.^[1]

The Pepperell Counting House was a factory in Biddeford, Maine that is thought have served as a mosque for early Albanian immigrants to the New England mill industry around 1900. Turks also came to southern Maine around this time period, many of them settling around the York Manufacturing Company in nearby Saco, Maine. They came to Maine, as most immigrants did, that is without much money and with little earning power. They are believed to have lived on campus at the mills and rarely ventured off. By 1915, it is believed that a large enough community of men came to Pepperell Counting House that formation of an early mosque occurred. However, it is believed that the Spanish Flu swept through the area with the returning US soldiers in 1918, killing many of the towns inhabitants, including many of the Muslims.

Woodlawn Cemetery and Muslim Burial Ground

Evidence of the Muslim community in Biddeford in the early twentieth century is found mostly in the Woodlawn Cemetery on West Street in Biddeford. When visiting the cemetery today, it is noticeable that the tombstones in this part of the cemetery face a different direction than other sections of the cemetery. The Muslim burial ground has headstones facing Mecca. Some of the headstones have an engraving of the star and crescent, symbolizing Islam. Other grave markers note that the deceased was an “Albanian Muhamedan”—meaning, a follower of the Muhammad, or as is most commonly known, a Muslim.

Death Records of Biddeford's Muslim community

There are death records of a few of the Albanian men who worked in the mills and remained in the Biddeford area. While there is no mention of their religious background, the records do note that the deceased were born in Albania. One death record even notes that the deceased was a member of the York County Albania society, which may signify that the few Albanians continued to gather around their ethnic culture rather than the religion of their upbringing.

Pepperell Counting House today

The Pepperell Counting House, the location of the Biddeford mosque, still stands today and is now owned by WestPoint Stevens.

References

External links

• History of Muslims in Biddeford
• History of Muslims across US
• Statistics of Ethnic heritage for Biddeford in 2000