List of medieval great powers

This is a list of great powers during the medieval period. The term "great power" has only been used in historiography and political science since the Congress of Vienna in 1815.^[1] Lord Castlereagh, the British Foreign Secretary, first used the term in its diplomatic context in 1814. Use of the term in medieval historiography is therefore idiosyncratic to each author. In historiography of the pre-modern period, it is more typical to talk of empires (itself a poorly-defined term, see list of empires).

Muslim states

The Middle Ages proper begin with the collapse of the remnants of Late Antiquity in the 7th century due to the Islamic conquests. The Old World is largely dominated by Muslim caliphates during the mid-7th to 10th centuries.

Christian states

Eastern Christianity

Latin Christianity

Medieval China

Medieval Korea

Inner Asia and Mongolia

Sub-Saharan Africa

South and Southeast Asia

Pre-Columbian Americas

• Maya Civilization: Classic period (c. 250 to 900)
• Inca Empire 13th-16th c.
• Aztec Empire 13th-16th c.

See also

• Middle Ages
• List of ancient great powers
• List of modern great powers
• Great power
• Superpower
• Middle power
• List of largest empires
• List of historical countries and empires spanning more than one continent

References

External links

• Cooper, F. (2008). Empires and Political Imagination in World History. Princeton [u.a.]: Princeton University Press.
• Doyle, M. W. (1986). Empires. Ithaca, N.Y: Cornell University Press.
• English, Edward D. ed. Encyclopedia Of The Medieval World (2 vol. 2004).
• Farrington, K. (2003). Historical Atlas of Empires. London: Mercury.
• Harrison, T., & J. Paul Getty Museum. (2009). The Great Empires of the Ancient World. Los Angeles, Calif: J. Paul Getty Museum.
• Khan, A. (2004). A Historical Atlas of India. New York: Rosen Pub.
• Jordan, William Chester. (1996) The Middle Ages: An Encyclopedia for Students (4 Volumes)
• Labberton, R. H. (1884). An historical atlas: A chronological series of one hundred and twelve maps at successive periods. New York.
• Litwin, H. (2016), Central European Superpower, BUM Magazine, October 2016.
• Loyn, H. R. (1989) The Middle Ages: A Concise Encyclopedia. (1989)
• Morris, I., & Scheidel, W. (2009). The Dynamics of Ancient Empires: State power from Assyria to Byzantium. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Pella, John & Erik Ringmar, History of International Relations Open Textbook Project, Cambridge: Open Book, forthcoming.
• Petitjean, P., Jami, C., Moulin, A. M., & Equipe REHSEIS (Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France)). (1992). Science and Empires: Historical Studies about Scientific Development and European Expansion. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
• Shepherd, W. R., & C.S. Hammond & Company. (1911). Historical Atlas. New York: Henry Holt and Co.
• Stearns, Peter N. ed. The Encyclopedia of World History (2001).