Bridgton, Maine

Bridgton, Maine
Town

Bird's eye view of 1888 Bridgton

Location in Cumberland County and the state of Maine.
Coordinates: 44°3′13″N 70°42′6″W / 44.05361°N 70.70167°W / 44.05361; -70.70167Coordinates: 44°3′13″N 70°42′6″W / 44.05361°N 70.70167°W / 44.05361; -70.70167
Country United States
State Maine
County Cumberland
Incorporated 1794
Area[1]
 • Total 64.24 sq mi (166.38 km2)
 • Land 56.79 sq mi (147.09 km2)
 • Water 7.45 sq mi (19.30 km2)
Elevation 400 ft (100 m)
Population (2010)[2]
 • Total 5,210
 • Estimate (2012[3]) 5,283
 • Density 91.7/sq mi (35.4/km2)
Time zone Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP code 04009
Area code(s) 207 Exchange: 647
Website www.bridgtonmaine.org

Bridgton is a town in Cumberland County, Maine, United States. The population was 5,210 at the 2010 census.[4] A resort area in Maine's Lakes Region, Bridgton is home to Bridgton Academy, a private preparatory school, and the Four on the Fourth Road Race.

Bridgton is part of the Portland–South Portland–Biddeford, Maine metropolitan statistical area.

History

The undeveloped land was first called Pondicherry. It was granted in 1768 by the Massachusetts General Court to Moody Bridges and a group of proprietors. Settlement began in 1770 at what is now North Bridgton, where a tavern was built. The community was organized in 1779 as Bridgetown Plantation, named after Moody Bridges, and then incorporated on February 7, 1794 as Bridgton.[5]

Stevens Brook is only a mile and a half long, but it provided water power for 12 mill sites. It developed as an industrial center, with sawmills, gristmills, woolen textile mills, a tannery, shoe factory and brick manufacturer. Later, a corn and vegetable packing plant was built, in addition to a foundry, machine shop, shovel handle factory, sash and blind factory, and a coffin shop. Population increased when goods manufactured by water power could be transported to outside markets on the Cumberland and Oxford Canal, which opened to Portland in 1832.[6] By the mid-19th century, the town contained about 3,000 inhabitants. When the Portland and Ogdensburg Railway bypassed Bridgton, the town built the 2-foot-gauge (610 mm) Bridgton and Saco River Railroad link to the national rail network in 1883.[7] Summer vacationers arrived by rail and steamboat until automobile tourists began arriving after designation of the Theodore Roosevelt International Highway in 1919 (identified as U.S. Route 302 since 1935).[8] The convenience of highway travel caused abandonment of the canal steamboats in 1932 and the narrow-gauge railroad in 1941. Bridgton remains a popular resort area, with many children's summer camps located along the shores of the beautiful lakes and Shawnee Peak Ski Area, a ski resort, located in the western part of town.

Villages and neighborhoods

Bridgton has several villages and areas that can be classified as neighborhoods. They are:

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 64.24 square miles (166.38 km2), of which, 56.79 square miles (147.09 km2) of it is land and 7.45 square miles (19.30 km2) is water.[1] To the east of Bridgton is Long Lake, which eventually flows into Sebago Lake and the Atlantic Ocean. Long Lake is partly fed by Stevens Brook. The source of Stevens Brook is Highland Lake, which is located just west of the downtown.

In West Bridgton, a portion of Pleasant Mountain, including the Shawnee Peak Ski Area, rises. At the base of Pleasant Mountain is Moose Pond, a man-made lake which makes up portions of Bridgton, Denmark, and Sweden. Moose Pond eventually drains into the Saco River.

Highland Lake

Highland Lake
Coordinates 44°05′N 70°44′W / 44.083°N 70.733°W / 44.083; -70.733[9]
Primary outflows Stevens Brook
Basin countries United States
Max. length 4 mi (6.4 km)[10]
Surface area 1,334 acres (540 ha)[11]
Max. depth 44 feet (13 m)[12]
Water volume 24,904 acre·ft (30,719,000 m3)[11]
Surface elevation 423 ft (129 m)[9]

Highland Lake extends north from downtown Bridgton to the border with Sweden. The north end of the lake receives drainage from Stearns Pond and Black Pond in eastern Sweden, and from Duck Pond in western Waterford. The south end of the lake overflows into Stevens Brook through downtown Bridgton, and the lake was a water power reservoir for early mills. The shoreline of the lake is heavily developed with residences and seasonal cabins. Trailered boats may be launched and recovered at a town-owned ramp at the southern end of the lake.[10] White perch thrive in the lake despite dissolved oxygen deficiency in deep water below the summer thermocline. Smallmouth bass in the lake are infested with bass tapeworm. Summer water temperatures are unfavorable for native trout, but the lake has been stocked with brown trout.[12]

Climate

This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Bridgton has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.[13]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1790329—
180064696.4%
181088236.5%
18201,16031.5%
18301,54132.8%
18401,98728.9%
18502,71036.4%
18602,556−5.7%
18702,6855.0%
18802,8636.6%
18902,605−9.0%
19002,86810.1%
19102,660−7.3%
19202,546−4.3%
19302,6594.4%
19403,03514.1%
19502,950−2.8%
19602,707−8.2%
19702,9679.6%
19803,52818.9%
19904,30722.1%
20004,88313.4%
20105,2106.7%
Est. 20145,344[14]2.6%
U.S. Decennial Census[15]

2010 census

As of the census[2] of 2010, there were 5,210 people, 2,240 households, and 1,431 families residing in the town. The population density was 91.7 inhabitants per square mile (35.4/km2). There were 4,051 housing units at an average density of 71.3 per square mile (27.5/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 96.6% White, 0.7% African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 1.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.2% of the population.

There were 2,240 households of which 24.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.7% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.1% were non-families. 28.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.71.

The median age in the town was 46.8 years. 18.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.2% were from 25 to 44; 33% were from 45 to 64; and 19.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 49.2% male and 50.8% female.

2000 census

As of the census[16] of 2000, there were 4,883 people, 1,924 households, and 1,296 families residing in the town. The population density was 85.2 people per square mile (32.9/km²). There were 3,063 housing units at an average density of 53.5 per square mile (20.6/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 97.36% White, 0.47% Black or African American, 0.27% Native American, 0.27% Asian, 0.23% from other races, and 1.41% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.82% of the population.

There were 1,924 households out of which 29.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.4% were married couples living together, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.6% were non-families. 25.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 2.85.

In the town, the population was spread out with 22.1% under the age of 18, 10.5% from 18 to 24, 25.9% from 25 to 44, 25.6% from 45 to 64, and 15.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 100.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $36,722, and the median income for a family was $42,392. Males had a median income of $29,614 versus $21,548 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,352. About 9.3% of families and 15.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.6% of those under age 18 and 4.8% of those age 65 or over.

Bridgton is the setting for The Mist, a novella by Stephen King and was the inspiration for Chester's Mill, the town from King's "Under The Dome".

Sites of interest

Notable people

References

  1. 1 2 "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-12-16.
  2. 1 2 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-12-16.
  3. ↑ "Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2013-06-17. Retrieved 2013-07-06.
  4. ↑ "Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Bridgton town, Cumberland County, Maine". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Archived from the original on September 11, 2013. Retrieved June 5, 2012.
  5. ↑ Coolidge, Austin J.; John B. Mansfield (1859). A History and Description of New England. Boston, Massachusetts. pp. 64–66.
  6. ↑ Ward, Ernest E. My First Sixty Years in Harrison, Maine Cardinal Printing 1967 p.7
  7. ↑ George J. Varney, "History of Bridgton, Cumberland, Deering & Falmouth, Maine" (1886)
  8. ↑ Tracy, A.W. (December 1996) [1921]. "Highway Display's America's Glories". Theodore Roosevelt International Highway, Montana (PDF). Montana Department of Transportation. p. 7. Retrieved August 21, 2008.
  9. 1 2 U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Highland Lake
  10. 1 2 The Maine Atlas and Gazetteer (Thirteenth ed.). Freeport, Maine: DeLorme Mapping Company. 1988. pp. 5&10. ISBN 0-89933-035-5.
  11. 1 2 Maine Depts. of Environmental Protection and Inland Fisheries & Wildlife (2005-08-04). "Maine Lakes: Morphometry and Geographic Information". Senator George J. Mitchell Center for Environmental and Watershed Research, The University of Maine. Archived from the original on 2006-09-03. Retrieved 31 July 2008.
  12. 1 2 "Highland Lake" (PDF). Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife. State of Maine. Retrieved 17 May 2016.
  13. ↑ Climate Summary for Bridgton, Maine
  14. ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014". Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  15. ↑ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Archived from the original on May 12, 2015. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  16. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2013-09-11. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  17. ↑ "Jim Mains Statistics and History". baseball-reference.com. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
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