Hideki Shirakawa

Hideki Shirakawa

Hideki Shirakawa
Born (1936-08-20) August 20, 1936
Tokyo, Japan
Residence Japan
Manchukuo
United States
Nationality Japanese
Fields Chemistry
Institutions University of Pennsylvania
University of Tsukuba
Alma mater Tokyo Institute of Technology
Known for Conductive polymers
Influences Alan G. MacDiarmid
Notable awards Nobel Prize in Chemistry (2000)
Person of Cultural Merit (2000)
Order of Culture (2000)

Hideki Shirakawa (白川 英樹 Shirakawa Hideki, born in Tokyo on August 20, 1936) is a Japanese chemist and winner of the 2000 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his discovery of conductive polymers together with physics professor Alan J. Heeger and chemistry professor Alan G. MacDiarmid at the University of Pennsylvania.

Biography

Shirakawa with Yoshirō Mori (at the Prime Minister's Official Residence on October 18, 2000)

1936 Born in Tokyo, in the family of a military doctor. Around third grade, he moved to Takayama, Gifu, which is the hometown of his mother.

1961 Graduated from Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo Tech), Chemical engineering department in the School of Science and Engineering.

1966 Received doctorate from Chemical engineering department in Graduate School of Science and Engineering at Tokyo Tech. Obtained the post of assistant in Chemical Resources Laboratory at Tokyo Tech.

1976 Post-doctoral researcher in the University of Pennsylvania, USA with invitation by Alan MacDiarmid.

1979 Assistant professor in University of Tsukuba, Japan

1982 Professor in University of Tsukuba, Japan

1991 Chief of Science and Engineering Department of Graduate School in University of Tsukuba, Japan (- March,1993)

1994 Chief of Category #3 group in University of Tsukuba, Japan (-March,1997)

Career

Emperor Akihito conferred the Order of Culture on Shirakawa (at the Imperial Palace on November 3, 2000)

While employed as an assistant at Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo Tech) in Japan, he developed polyacetylene, which has a metallic appearance. This result interested Alan MacDiarmid when MacDiarmid visited TITech in 1975.

In 1976, he was invited to work in the laboratory of Alan MacDiarmid as a post-doctoral fellow at the University of Pennsylvania. The two developed the electrical conductivity of polyacetylene along with American physicist Alan Heeger.[1][2]

In 1977 they discovered that doping with iodine vapor could enhance the conductivity of polyacetylene. The three scientists were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2000 in recognition of the discovery. With regard to the mechanism of electric conduction, it is strongly believed that nonlinear excitations in the form of solitons play a role.

Awards and honors

Relatives

One of his relatives, Hitomi Yoshizawa, is a member of the singing group Morning Musume Morning Girls. He is also related to Naoko Takahashi, the women's marathon gold medalist of the 2000 Summer Olympics.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Shirakawa, Hideki; Louis, Edwin J.; MacDiarmid, Alan G.; Chiang, Chwan K.; Heeger, Alan J. (1977). "Synthesis of electrically conducting organic polymers: Halogen derivatives of polyacetylene, (CH) x". Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications (16): 578. doi:10.1039/C39770000578.
  2. ↑ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2000: Alan Heeger, Alan G. MacDiarmid, Hideki Shirakawa".

References

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