Herbert Spencer Jennings

Herbert Spencer Jennings
Born April 8, 1868
Tonica, Illinois
Died April 14, 1947 (1947-04-15) (aged 79)
Santa Monica, California
Fields zoology
Herbert Spencer Jennings (1868-1947) and his wife (5493881859)
A botanical drawing by Herbert Spencer Jennings

Prof Herbert Spencer Jennings HFRSE (1868-1947) was an American zoologist, geneticist, and eugenicist. His research helped demonstrate the link between physical and chemical stimulation and automatic responses in lower orders of animals.

Life

He was born in Tonica, Illinois on 8 April 1868, the son of George Nelson Jennings and his wife Olive Taft Jenks.[1]

He studied at the University of Michigan graduating BS in 1893 then Harvard University where he gained a further AM degree in 1895 and a PhD in 1896. In 1906 he began a long and illustrious career at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore where he stayed until retirement in 1938.[2]

He married twice: firstly in 1898 to Louisa Burridge and secondly in 1939 to Lulu Plant.

He died in Santa Monica, California on April 14, 1947). He is buried in Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale.[3]

Career

Tracy Sonneborn would later write:

Jennings was so struck by the continued production of hereditarily diverse clones at conjugation, even after many successive inbreedings, that he undertook to examine the matter mathematically. As a result, general formulae for the results of diverse systems of mating were published in a series of papers between 1912 and 1917; these were one of the main seeds from which the whole field of mathematical genetics developed.[4]

In 1924, Jennings published an article in Scientific Monthly on "Heredity and Environment" which was prescient for anticipating the double helix, and provocatively liberal for its comments on racial differences and American immigration policy.[5]

Jennings was the recipient of the inaugural 1925 Leidy Award of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.[6]

After complaints about the documentary titled The Hereditarily Diseased, the Carnegie Institution of Washington appointed Jennings to review the work of Harry H. Laughlin at the Institution's Eugenics Record Office, then part of what has become the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. Jennings found falsified data and manipulated conclusions, and Laughlin was forced out.[7]

References

Notes

  1. ↑ BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX OF FORMER FELLOWS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH 1783 – 2002 (PDF). The Royal Society of Edinburgh. July 2006. ISBN 0 902 198 84 X.
  2. ↑ BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX OF FORMER FELLOWS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH 1783 – 2002 (PDF). The Royal Society of Edinburgh. July 2006. ISBN 0 902 198 84 X.
  3. ↑ http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=85434186
  4. ↑ Sonneborn, T M (1974), "Herbert Spencer Jennings.", Biographical memoirs. National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), 47, pp. 143–223, PMID 11615625
  5. ↑ Herbert Spencer Jennings, "Heredity and Environment," The Scientific Monthly, Vol. 19, No. 3 (Sept., 1924), pp. 225-238
  6. ↑ "The Four Awards Bestowed by The Academy of Natural Sciences and Their Recipients". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 156 (1): 403–404. June 2007. doi:10.1635/0097-3157(2007)156[403:TFABBT]2.0.CO;2.
  7. ↑ Bill Bryson (2013), One Summer: America, 1927, New York: Doubleday, pp. 369-370, ISBN 978-0-7679-1940-1 .
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