Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion

Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion

HUC campus in Jerusalem
Type	Private
Established	1875
President	Rabbi Aaron Panken
Location	Cincinnati, New York City, Los Angeles, Jerusalem
Affiliations	Reform Judaism, Union of Reform Judaism
Website	www.huc.edu

The Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion (also known as HUC, HUC-JIR, and The College-Institute) is the oldest extant Jewish seminary in the Americas,^[1] and the main seminary for training rabbis, cantors, educators and communal workers in Reform Judaism.

HUC-JIR has campuses in Cincinnati, Ohio, New York City, Los Angeles, California and Jerusalem. The Jerusalem campus is the only seminary in Israel for training Reform Jewish clergy.

History

HUC Greenwich Village, New York

HUC was founded in 1875 under the leadership of Rabbi Isaac Mayer Wise in Cincinnati.^[2] The first rabbinical class graduated in 1883.^[3] The graduation banquet for this class became known as the Trefa Banquet because it included food that was not kosher, such as clams, soft-shell crabs, shrimp, frogs' legs and dairy products served immediately after meat. At the time, Reform rabbis were split over the question of whether the Jewish dietary restrictions were still applicable. Some of the more traditionalist Reform rabbis thought the banquet menu went too far, and were compelled to find an alternative between Reform Judaism and Orthodox Judaism. This was a major cause of the founding of American Conservative Judaism.^[3]

In 1950, a second HUC campus was created in New York through a merger with the rival Reform Jewish Institute of Religion. Additional campuses were added in Los Angeles in 1954, and in Jerusalem in 1963.^[4]

As of 2009, the Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion is an international seminary and university of graduate studies offering a wide variety of academic and professional programs. In addition to its Rabbinical School, the College-Institute includes Schools of Graduate Studies, Education, Jewish Communal Service, sacred music, Biblical archaeology and an Israeli rabbinical program.^[5]

The Los Angeles campus operates many of its programs and degrees in cooperation with the neighboring University of Southern California, a partnership that has lasted over 35 years.^[6] Their productive relationship includes the creation of the Center for Muslim-Jewish Engagement, an interfaith think tank through the partnership of HUC, USC and Omar Foundation. CMJE^[7] holds religious text-study programs across Los Angeles. Ironically, no classrooms on this campus have windows.

Rabbi Alfred Gottschalk was appointed as HUC's sixth president, following the death of Nelson Glueck. As president, Gottschalk oversaw the growth and expansion of the HUC campuses, the ordination of Sally Priesand as the first female rabbi in the United States, the investiture of Reform Judaism's first female hazzan and the ordination of Naamah Kelman as the first female rabbi in Israel.^[8]

The Debbie Friedman School of Sacred Music

The cantorial school of the Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion was founded in 1947. The school is located on the New York campus of HUC-JIR at One West Fourth Street. It offers a five-year graduate program, conferring the degree of Master of Sacred Music in the fourth year and investiture as cantor in the fifth year.

Cantorial School at HUC-JIR begins in Jerusalem and continues for the next four years in New York. While in Israel, students study Hebrew, and Jewish music, and get to know Israel. Cantorial students study alongside Rabbinical and Education students. In New York, the program includes professional learning opportunities as a student-cantor, in which students serve congregations within and outside of the NY area.

The curriculum includes liturgical music classes covering traditional Shabbat, High Holiday and Festival nusach, Chorus, Musicology, Reform Liturgy and Composition; Judaica and text classes such as Bible, Midrash and History; and professional development. Each student is assigned practica (mini-recitals) during the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th year of school culminating with a Senior Recital (based on a thesis) during the 5th year.

Rabbi David Ellenson, President of Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion, announced on January 27, 2011 that the School of Sacred Music would be renamed the Debbie Friedman School of Sacred Music in honor of Debbie Friedman. The renaming officially occurred on December 7, 2011.^[9][10]

Gender equality

HUC has both male and female students in all its programs, including rabbinic and cantorial studies. Since its founding, the College-Institute has ordained over 2,800 rabbis and over 400 cantors. As of 2007, 520 ordained rabbis and 179 invested cantors have been women.^[11] (See Women and the rabbinical credential). The first female rabbi to be ordained by HUC was Sally Priesand, ordained in 1972, the only woman in a class with 35 men.^[12] The first female cantor to be invested by HUC was Barbara Ostfeld-Horowitz in 1975.^[13]

After four years of deliberation, HUC decided to give women a choice of wording on their ordination certificates beginning in 2016, including the option to have the same wording as men.^[14] Up until then, male candidates' certificates identified them by the Reform movement’s traditional "morenu harav," or "our teacher the rabbi," while female candidates' certificates only used the term "rav u’morah," or "rabbi and teacher." Sally Preisand herself was unaware that her certificate referred to her any differently than her male colleagues until it was brought to her attention years later. Rabbi Mary Zamore, executive director of the Reform movement’s Women's Rabbinic Network, explained that the HUC was uncomfortable with giving women the same title as men. In 2012 she wrote to Rabbi David Ellenson, HUC’s then president, requesting that he address the discrepancy, which she said was "smacking of gender inequality."^[14]

Transgender and intersex equality

In 2002 at HUC in New York the Reform rabbi Margaret Wenig organized the first school-wide seminar at any rabbinical school which addressed the psychological, legal, and religious issues affecting people who are intersex or transsexual.^[15] Reuben Zellman became the first openly transgender person accepted to HUC in 2003; he was ordained by HUC in 2010.^[16][17][18] Elliot Kukla, who came out as transgender six months before his ordination in 2006, was the first openly transgender person to be ordained by HUC.^[19]

Resources

The HUC library system contains one of the most extensive Jewish collections in the world. Each campus has its own library:

• Klau Library in Cincinnati, the main research library. This library is the second-largest collection of printed Jewish material in the world (the National Library of Israel in Jerusalem is the first). The library states it has 700,000 volumes, including 150 incunabula and over 2,000 manuscript codices.^[20]
• Klau Library in New York—130,000 volumes.
• S. Zalman and Ayala Abramov Library in Jerusalem—100,000 volumes.
• Frances-Henry Library in Los Angeles—100,000 volumes.

The three U.S. campuses share a catalog, but the Jerusalem collection is separately cataloged.

Museum

The HUC-JIR Museum at the New York campus presents exhibitions highlighting Jewish history, culture, and contemporary creativity.^[21]

Since its founding in 1983 as the Joseph Gallery, the HUC-JIR Museum has grown physically to encompass 5,000 square feet (460 m²) of exhibition space, expanding to include the Petrie Great Hall, Klingenstein Gallery, Heller Gallery and Backman Gallery. Amongst the exhibitions presented to date, the Museum has mounted seminal shows for emerging artists, surveys of leading mid-career and elder artists; cutting-edge exhibitions illuminating Jewish issues, including contemporary artistic responses to the Holocaust, the history of African-American and Jewish relations since 1654 to the present, the impact of family violence on the works of contemporary Israeli and American women artists, and the current situation in Israel and contemporary Israeli identity; landmark exhibitions establishing new directions for contemporary Jewish ceremonial art; group exhibitions reflecting new interpretations of Biblical text; and exhibitions of significant private collections, reflecting Jewish identity and consciousness, which have advanced the definition of Jewish art in the 20th century.

Laura Kruger is the Curator of Museum Exhibition at the HUC-JIR Museum.

The Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion also manages the Skirball Cultural Center in Los Angeles and Skirball Museum in Jerusalem.

Notable faculty

Notable faculty members have included Judah Magnes, who was also the founding chancellor and president of Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rabbi Abraham Cronbach, Rabbi Tamara Cohn Eskenazi, Abraham Joshua Heschel, Nelson Glueck, Moses Buttenweiser, Eugene Borowitz, Jacob Z. Lauterbach, Lawrence A. Hoffman, Steven M. Cohen, Moses Mielziner, Debbie Friedman, and Rabbi Carole B. Balin.^[22]

Notable alumni

• Cody Bahir, scholar of Jewish and Chinese Mysticism^[23]
• Carole B. Balin, M.A. Hebrew letters, 1989; rabbinic ordination, 1991
• Reeve Robert Brenner
• Angela Warnick Buchdahl, first Asian-American to be ordained as a rabbi, and the first Asian-American to be ordained as a hazzan (cantor) in the world^{[24][25][26][27]}
• Abraham Cronbach
• Maurice Davis
• Ammiel Hirsch, rabbi, lawyer, and former executive director of the Association of Reform Zionists of America/World Union for Progressive Judaism, North America^[28]
• Jay Holstein, notable Professor from University of Iowa
• Joseph Krauskopf, founder of the National Farm School (now Delaware Valley University).^[29]
• Elliot Kukla, came out as transgender six months before his ordination in 2006, and was the first openly transgender person to be ordained by HUC-JIR^[19]
• Ruth Langer, Professor of Theology at Boston College
• Helen Levinthal, first American woman to complete the entire course of study in a rabbinical school
• Jack P. Lewis,^[30] professor in Harding School of Theology (Enrollment in Hebrew Union College is open to non-Jews.)
• Jennie Mannheimer, speech and drama teacher, elocutionist
• Jacqueline Mates-Muchin, first Chinese-American rabbi in the world
• Sally Priesand, America's first female rabbi ordained by a rabbinical seminary, and the second formally ordained female rabbi in Jewish history, after Regina Jonas^[31][32]
• Cantor Charles Romalis, first and only Cantor of Temple Beth Tikvah in Wayne, NJ (1965–present)
• Jonathan Rosenbaum, scholar
• A. James Rudin
• Norbert M. Samuelson, professor of Jewish philosophy at Arizona State University
• Rabbi Julie Schwartz, who was ordained by HUC-JIR and later founded HUC-JIR’s course of study in pastoral counseling for rabbinical students
• Seymour Schwartzman, opera singer and cantor
• Alysa Stanton, world's first black female rabbi
• Lance J. Sussman, scholar
• David Williams, director of the University of Georgia Honors Program
• Eric Yoffie, President of the Union for Reform Judaism
• Rabbi Dr. Walter Zanger, tour guide and television personality
• Reuben Zellman, first openly transgender person accepted to HUC-JIR in 2003; he was ordained by HUC-JIR in 2010^[16][17][18]

See also

• Rabbinic cabinet

References

External links

• Hebrew Union College Website
• Central Conference of American Rabbis Website
• The Union for Reform Judaism Website
• Reform Judaism Magazine Home Page

Coordinates: 31°46′34″N 35°13′22″E / 31.77611°N 35.22278°E / 31.77611; 35.22278