Hawthorne, New Jersey

Hawthorne, New Jersey
Borough
Borough of Hawthorne


Map of Hawthorne in Passaic County. Inset: Location of Passaic County highlighted in the State of New Jersey.

Census Bureau map of Hawthorne, New Jersey
Coordinates: 40°57′25″N 74°09′31″W / 40.956957°N 74.158561°W / 40.956957; -74.158561Coordinates: 40°57′25″N 74°09′31″W / 40.956957°N 74.158561°W / 40.956957; -74.158561[1][2]
Country  United States
State  New Jersey
County Passaic
Incorporated March 24, 1898
Named for Nathaniel Hawthorne
Government[3]
 • Type Faulkner Act (Mayor-Council)
 • Body Borough Council
 • Mayor Richard S. Goldberg (R, term ends December 31, 2017)[4][5]
 • Administrator Eric Maurer[6]
 • Municipal clerk Lori DiBella[7]
Area[1]
 • Total 3.364 sq mi (8.715 km2)
 • Land 3.334 sq mi (8.636 km2)
 • Water 0.030 sq mi (0.079 km2)  0.90%
Area rank 318th of 566 in state
10th of 16 in county[1]
Elevation[8] 85 ft (26 m)
Population (2010 Census)[9][10][11]
 • Total 18,791
 • Estimate (2016)[12] 18,941
 • Rank 136th of 566 in state
6th of 16 in county[13]
 • Density 5,635.3/sq mi (2,175.8/km2)
 • Density rank 93rd of 566 in state
6th of 16 in county[13]
Time zone Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) Eastern (EDT) (UTC-4)
ZIP codes 07506-07507[14]
Area code(s) 973[15]
FIPS code 3403130570[1][16][17]
GNIS feature ID 0885249[1][18]
Website www.hawthornenj.org

Hawthorne (pronounced HAW-thorn) is a borough in Passaic County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the borough's population was 18,791[9][10][11] reflecting an increase of 573 (+3.1%) from the 18,218 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 1,134 (+6.6%) from the 17,084 counted in the 1990 Census.[19]

Hawthorne was originally part of the now-defunct Manchester Township, which was later subdivided to create Hawthorne, Haledon, North Haledon, Prospect Park, Totowa, The Heights/Columbia Heights District of Fairlawn and most of the First Ward of Paterson. The Borough of Hawthorne was incorporated from portions of Manchester Township by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 24, 1898.[20] The borough was named for novelist Nathaniel Hawthorne.[21][22]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough had a total area of 3.364 square miles (8.715 km2), including 3.334 square miles (8.636 km2) of land and 0.030 square miles (0.079 km2) of water (0.90%).[1][2]

Unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the borough include Goffle, North Hawthorne and Van Winkle.[23]

The borough borders North Haledon, Prospect Park, and Paterson in Passaic County; and Fair Lawn, Glen Rock, Ridgewood and Wyckoff in Bergen County.[24]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
19002,096—
19103,40062.2%
19205,13551.0%
193011,868131.1%
194012,6106.3%
195014,81617.5%
196017,73519.7%
197019,1738.1%
198018,200−5.1%
199017,084−6.1%
200018,2186.6%
201018,7913.1%
Est. 201618,941[12][25]0.8%
Population sources: 1900-1920[26]
1900-1910[27] 1900-1930[28]
1930-1990[29] 2000[30][31] 2010[9][10][11]

2010 Census

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 18,791 people, 7,454 households, and 4,949 families residing in the borough. The population density was 5,635.3 per square mile (2,175.8/km2). There were 7,756 housing units at an average density of 2,326.0 per square mile (898.1/km2). The racial makeup of the borough was 88.62% (16,652) White, 2.27% (426) Black or African American, 0.21% (40) Native American, 2.82% (530) Asian, 0.00% (0) Pacific Islander, 4.28% (804) from other races, and 1.80% (339) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 15.42% (2,897) of the population.[9]

There were 7,454 households out of which 29.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.7% were married couples living together, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.6% were non-families. 27.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.12.[9]

In the borough, the population was spread out with 21.4% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 28.3% from 45 to 64, and 14.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.2 years. For every 100 females there were 92.7 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and old there were 89.4 males.[9]

The Census Bureau's 2006-2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $72,985 (with a margin of error of +/- $6,585) and the median family income was $83,136 (+/- $7,364). Males had a median income of $64,906 (+/- $7,150) versus $44,641 (+/- $2,852) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $33,872 (+/- $1,921). About 4.9% of families and 7.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.4% of those under age 18 and 7.2% of those age 65 or over.[32]

Same-sex couples headed 48 households in 2010, a 50% increase from the 32 counted in 2000.[33]

2000 Census

As of the 2000 United States Census[16] there were 18,218 people, 7,260 households, and 4,929 families residing in the borough. The population density was 5,364.9 people per square mile (2,068.8/km2). There were 7,419 housing units at an average density of 2,184.8 per square mile (842.5/km2). The racial makeup of the borough was 93.75% White, 0.75% African American, 0.14% Native American, 1.89% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.58% from other races, and 1.88% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.43% of the population.[30][31]

There were 7,260 households out of which 28.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.1% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.1% were non-families. 26.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.07.[30][31]

In the borough the population was spread out with 21.8% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 33.5% from 25 to 44, 22.7% from 45 to 64, and 15.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 91.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.7 males.[30][31]

The median income for a household in the borough was $55,340, and the median income for a family was $65,451. Males had a median income of $46,270 versus $33,277 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $26,551. About 2.6% of families and 3.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.0% of those under age 18 and 5.4% of those age 65 or over.[30][31]

Government

Local government

The Borough of Hawthorne is governed under the Faulkner Act, formally known as the Optional Municipal Charter Law, within the Mayor-Council system of municipal government by a Mayor and a seven-member Borough Council.[3][34]

A Charter Study Commission, formed in the 1980s after two major commercial businesses left the borough, led to a recommendation for the adoption of a Mayor-Council form in which there are four wards to give residents a representative in each area of the community, in addition to a mayor and two at-large members of the borough council, all of whom are directly elected by residents, with all members of the governing body serving four-year terms of office. After residents approved the commission's recommendations, the first election under the Mayor-Council form was held in 1989. The four ward seats are up for vote together and the three at-large seats and the mayoral position up for vote together two years later. All elections are held on a partisan basis as part of the November general election.[35]

As of 2016, the Mayor of the Borough of Hawthorne is Republican Richard S. Goldberg, whose term of office ends December 31, 2017.[4] Members of the Hawthorne Borough Council are Council President John Bertollo (Ward 2, 2019), Council Vice President Frank E. Matthews (Ward 4, 2019), Bruce Bennett (R, at large, 2017), John V. Lane (R, at large, 2017), Dominic Mele (R, at large, 2017), Gary G. Sinning (Ward 3, 2019) and Joseph R. Wojtecki (Ward 1, 2019).[36][37][38][39][40]

On July 29, 2008, former Mayor Patrick Botbyl announced he would resign effective August 15, 2008.[41] A special election was held on November 4, 2008, in which Richard Goldberg defeated Joseph Wojtecki to become the mayor of Hawthorne for the remainder of Botbyl's term.[42]

Emergency services

The Hawthorne Police Department is staffed with one Chief, three Captains, four Lieutenants, five Sergeants, 17 Patrol Officers, and three Detectives. The Police Headquarters is located at 445 Lafayette Avenue.[43]

The Hawthorne Volunteer Fire Department, established in 1916, is an all-volunteer department, which maintains five stations. HFD staffs three Engines (Engine 1, Engine 3, Engine 4), one Platform Aerial (Tower 2), and a Heavy Rescue (Rescue 5). HFD has one Department Chief and five Assistant Chiefs. The Fire Department Headquarters is located at 828 Lafayette Avenue.[44]

The Hawthorne Volunteer Ambulance Corps is an independent non-profit corporation dedicated to providing emergency medical services (EMS) to the Borough of Hawthorne and surrounding communities since 1932. HVAC maintains three full-size BLS units, one First Responder/Command Vehicle, and one chief's vehicle. The EMS Headquarters is located at 970 Goffle Road.[45]

Federal, state and county representation

Hawthorne is located in the 9th Congressional District[46] and is part of New Jersey's 38th state legislative district.[10][47][48] Prior to the 2011 reapportionment following the 2010 Census, Hawthorne had been in the 35th state legislative district.[49]

New Jersey's Ninth Congressional District is represented by Bill Pascrell (D, Paterson).[50] New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Cory Booker (D, Newark, term ends 2021)[51] and Bob Menendez (D, Paramus, 2019).[52][53]

For the 2016–2017 session (Senate, General Assembly), the 38th Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Robert M. Gordon (D, Fair Lawn) and in the General Assembly by Tim Eustace (D, Maywood) and Joseph Lagana (D, Paramus).[54] The Governor of New Jersey is Chris Christie (R, Mendham Township).[55] The Lieutenant Governor of New Jersey is Kim Guadagno (R, Monmouth Beach).[56]

Passaic County is governed by a seven-member Board of Chosen Freeholders, who are elected at-large to staggered three-year terms office on a partisan basis, with two or three seats coming up for election each year as part of the November general election in a three-year cycle. At a reorganization meeting held in January, the board selects a Director and Deputy Director from among its members to serve for a one-year term.[57] As of 2017, Passaic County's Freeholders are Director Cassandra "Sandi" Lazzara (D, 2018; Woodland Park),[58] Deputy Director Bruce James (D, 2017; Clifton),[59] Assad R. Akhter (D, 2018 - appointed to serve an unexpired term; Paterson),[60] John W. Bartlett (D, 2018; Wayne),[61] Theodore O. Best Jr. (D, 2017; Paterson),[62] Terry Duffy (D, 2019; West Milford),[63] and Pasquale "Pat" Lepore (D, 2019; Woodland Park).[64][65][66][67] Constitutional officers elected on a countywide basis are County Clerk Kristin M. Corrado (R, 2019; Totowa),[68] Sheriff Richard H. Berdnik (D, 2019; Little Falls)[69] and Surrogate Bernice Toledo (D, 2021; Prospect Park).[70][66]

Politics

As of March 23, 2011, there were a total of 12,060 registered voters in Hawthorne, of which 2,938 (24.4% vs. 31.0% countywide) were registered as Democrats, 3,934 (32.6% vs. 18.7%) were registered as Republicans and 5,181 (43.0% vs. 50.3%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 7 voters registered to other parties.[71] Among the borough's 2010 Census population, 64.2% (vs. 53.2% in Passaic County) were registered to vote, including 81.7% of those ages 18 and over (vs. 70.8% countywide).[71][72]

In the 2012 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 49.9% of the vote (4,195 cast), ahead of Republican Mitt Romney with 48.9% (4,114 votes), and other candidates with 1.2% (101 votes), among the 8,480 ballots cast by the borough's 12,679 registered voters (70 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 66.9%.[73][74] In the 2008 presidential election, Republican John McCain received 4,618 votes (50.6% vs. 37.7% countywide), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 4,256 votes (46.6% vs. 58.8%) and other candidates with 78 votes (0.9% vs. 0.8%), among the 9,132 ballots cast by the borough's 12,101 registered voters, for a turnout of 75.5% (vs. 70.4% in Passaic County).[75] In the 2004 presidential election, Republican George W. Bush received 4,614 votes (52.7% vs. 42.7% countywide), ahead of Democrat John Kerry with 3,863 votes (44.1% vs. 53.9%) and other candidates with 52 votes (0.6% vs. 0.7%), among the 8,753 ballots cast by the borough's 11,624 registered voters, for a turnout of 75.3% (vs. 69.3% in the whole county).[76]

In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 62.0% of the vote (3,385 cast), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 36.9% (2,015 votes), and other candidates with 1.2% (63 votes), among the 5,586 ballots cast by the borough's 12,874 registered voters (123 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 43.4%.[77][78] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 3,139 votes (53.7% vs. 43.2% countywide), ahead of Democrat Jon Corzine with 2,324 votes (39.8% vs. 50.8%), Independent Chris Daggett with 265 votes (4.5% vs. 3.8%) and other candidates with 36 votes (0.6% vs. 0.9%), among the 5,844 ballots cast by the borough's 11,836 registered voters, yielding a 49.4% turnout (vs. 42.7% in the county).[79]

Education

The Hawthorne Public Schools serve public school students in kindergarten through twelfth grade. As of the 2011-12 school year, the district's five schools had an enrollment of 2,168 students and 173.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.53:1.[80] Schools in the district (with 2011-12 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[81]) are three K-5 elementary schools — Jefferson Elementary School[82] (266 students), Roosevelt Elementary School[83] (541) and Washington Elementary School[84] (286) — Lincoln Middle School[85] (567) serves students from the 6th through 8th grades and Hawthorne High School[86] (663) serves students from grades 9 through 12.[87]

In addition to public schools, the K-8 Catholic school, St. Anthony's, operates under the supervision of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Paterson.[88] Hawthorne Christian Academy is an evangelical Christian school established in 1981 by the Hawthorne Gospel Church, serving students in preschool through twelfth grade.[89]

Transportation

Roads and highways

As of May 2010, the borough had a total of 61.77 miles (99.41 km) of roadways, of which 47.63 miles (76.65 km) were maintained by the municipality, 12.45 miles (20.04 km) by Passaic County and 1.69 miles (2.72 km) by the New Jersey Department of Transportation.[90]

Public transportation

NJ Transit provides train service at the Hawthorne station[91] providing service on the Main Line to Secaucus Junction and Hoboken Terminal.[92]

NJ Transit provides bus service on the 148 route to the Port Authority Bus Terminal in Midtown Manhattan, with local service on the 722 route.[93][94]

Community

Hawthorne is home to the Hawthorne Caballeros Drum and Bugle Corps, which was founded in 1946 and competes as an all-age corps in Drum Corps Associates. The Caballeros are headquartered at Hawthorne's American Legion Post 199.

Bedrin/WalMart Market controversy

A controversy has erupted since the Council voted to allow 24/7 hours of operation in order to accommodate the development of a WalMart Market at 204 Wagaraw Road.[95] Although the planning board approved a supermarket with 42,000 square feet (3,900 m2) of floor space, the identity of the occupant, WalMart Inc., and the hours of operation, 24/7, were not made clear in the public notification. Beginning in January 2012, a group of concerned citizens began asking questions of the developer, County Planning Board, Hawthorne Planning Board and the Hawthorne Borough Council. Residents have raised concerns about the possibility for increased crime that a 24/7 operation could bring given a parking lot large enough for 250+ automobiles and increased drug use at the 24/7 7-Eleven in Hawthorne. Other concerns include increased traffic to an already congested area, decrease in public safety, decrease in property values, increased noise and air pollution, and an overall negative association of WalMart being associated with Hawthorne.[96]

In May 2014, the Borough Council passed an ordinance that would prohibit big box retailers from opening in the borough's main retail districts; Wal-Mart had announced in March 2013 that it would abandon its efforts to open in Hawthorne.[97][98]

Notable people

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Hawthorne include:

References

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  4. 1 2 Mayor Richard S. Goldberg, Borough of Hawthorne. Accessed July 28, 2016.
  5. ↑ 2017 New Jersey Mayors Directory, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs. Accessed May 30, 2017.
  6. ↑ Administration, Borough of Hawthorne. Accessed July 28, 2016.
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  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 DP-1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 for Hawthorne borough, Passaic County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed August 14, 2012.
  10. 1 2 3 4 Municipalities Grouped by 2011-2020 Legislative Districts, New Jersey Department of State, p. 15. Accessed January 6, 2013.
  11. 1 2 3 Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2010 for Hawthorne borough, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed August 14, 2012.
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  14. ↑ Look Up a ZIP Code for Hawthorne, NJ, United States Postal Service. Accessed August 14, 2012.
  15. ↑ Area Code Lookup - NPA NXX for Hawthorne, NJ, Area-Codes.com. Accessed January 26, 2015.
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  30. 1 2 3 4 5 Census 2000 Profiles of Demographic / Social / Economic / Housing Characteristics for Hawthorne borough, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed August 14, 2012.
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  42. ↑ Kays, Heather. "Mystery Surrounds Mayor's Exit", The Herald News, August 5, 2008.
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  44. ↑ Home Page, Hawthorne Volunteer Fire Department. Accessed July 28, 2016.
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  60. ↑ Assad Akhter, Passaic County, New Jersey. Accessed August 1, 2017.
  61. ↑ John W. Bartlett, Passaic County, New Jersey. Accessed August 1, 2017.
  62. ↑ Theodore O. Best Jr., Passaic County, New Jersey. Accessed August 1, 2017.
  63. ↑ Terry Duffy, Passaic County, New Jersey. Accessed August 1, 2017.
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  81. ↑ School Data for the Hawthorne Public Schools, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed January 13, 2013.
  82. ↑ Jefferson Elementary School Archived 2012-02-05 at the Wayback Machine., Hawthorne Public Schools. Accessed July 31, 2013.
  83. ↑ Roosevelt Elementary School Archived 2011-12-07 at the Wayback Machine., Hawthorne Public Schools. Accessed July 31, 2013.
  84. ↑ Washington Elementary School Archived 2011-12-07 at the Wayback Machine., Hawthorne Public Schools. Accessed July 31, 2013.
  85. ↑ Lincoln Middle School Archived 2011-12-07 at the Wayback Machine., Hawthorne Public Schools. Accessed July 31, 2013.
  86. ↑ Hawthorne High School Archived 2013-11-14 at the Wayback Machine., Hawthorne Public Schools. Accessed July 31, 2013.
  87. ↑ New Jersey School Directory for the Hawthorne Public Schools, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed December 29, 2016.
  88. ↑ Passaic County Schools, Roman Catholic Diocese of Paterson. Accessed August 14, 2015.
  89. ↑ About HCA, Hawthorne Christian Academy. Accessed December 19, 2011.
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  91. ↑ Hawthorne station, NJ Transit. Accessed December 2, 2014.
  92. ↑ Main/Bergen-Port Jervis Line, NJ Transit. Accessed December 2, 2014.
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  94. ↑ Passaic County System Map, NJ Transit. Accessed August 14, 2015.
  95. ↑ Cattafi, Kristie. "Objections to Walmart continue in Hawthorne", The Gazette, March 13, 2012. Accessed August 15, 2012.
  96. ↑ Cattafi, Kristie. "Residents express opposition to Walmart supermarket possibly coming to Hawthorne", The Gazette, February 16, 2012. Accessed August 15, 2012.
  97. ↑ Kleimann, James. "Wal-Mart, other big box stores kept out of Hawthorne", NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, May 9, 2014. Accessed August 31, 2015. "Wal-Mart and other big box stores won't be setting up shop in Hawthorne anytime soon, with the borough council passing an ordinance Wednesday night that prohibits big box development on two main commercial stretches, according to The Record."
  98. ↑ Park, Minjae. "Hawthorne shuns big-box developments like Walmart", The Record (Bergen County), May 7, 2014. Accessed August 31, 2015. "Wal-Mart announced in March 2013 it would scrap plans to bring a supermarket to Wagaraw Road after its application was met with fierce resistance from some residents, who argued the supermarket undercut community aspirations for a better development suitor. On Wednesday night, the council — which had argued Walmart would bring in much-needed tax ratables — unanimously adopted a zoning ordinance that forecloses the possibility of any big-box developments returning to a stretch of Wagaraw Road, including the 8.6-acre lot where Wal-Mart planned to locate."
  99. ↑ Koetting, Rebecca. "Local acts way to NYPD Blue fame" Archived 2014-07-03 at the Wayback Machine., The Shopper News. Accessed January 13, 2013. "The part is being played by Fulvio Cecere, of the Hawthorne High School Class of 1978. Though Cecere currently resides in Canada, he still maintains close ties to the borough, where his parents call Diamond Bridge Avenue home."
  100. ↑ Sturken, Barbara. "Off the Field, Giants Call New Jersey Home", The New York Times, March 31, 1991. Accessed August 15, 2012. "Others hitting the books during the off-season include Maurice Carthon, fullback, who lives in Hawthorne."
  101. ↑ Biography of Freeholder Lois A. Cuccinello Archived 2006-12-09 at the Wayback Machine., Passaic County, New Jersey. Accessed December 20, 2006.
  102. ↑ Beckerman, Jim. "Fowler draws on salon ties for role" Archived 2008-06-14 at the Wayback Machine., The Record (Bergen County), March 12, 2008. Accessed March 12, 2008. "Born in Jersey City, raised in Rutherford (she cut her acting teeth with the Bergen County Players in Oradell), she lived in Teaneck, Hawthorne and Glen Rock before settling, eight years ago, in New Milford."
  103. ↑ Page, Jeffrey. "MARIA MAZZIOTTI GILLAN, HAWTHORNE POET -- `PEOPLE LOVE THE POEMS THAT MOVE THEM'", The Record (Bergen County), December 20, 1998. Accessed January 26, 2015.
  104. ↑ Senator Girgenti's Legislative Website, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed July 16, 2007.
  105. ↑ Rohan, Virginia. "Hawthorne's Debbie Harry continues to record and wow audiences", The Record (Bergen County), June 18, 2007. "Harry, who grew up in Hawthorne, expected to perform about a half dozen of the new songs on this month's True Colors tour, which stops at Radio City tonight."
  106. ↑ Farber, Jim via New York Daily News. "Blondie's back: Band keeps the spirit and sex of New York Pop-Punk aliv", The Beaver County Times, April 11, 2004. Accessed January 13, 2013. "The last ditty, 'Shakedown', lets Harry vent hen New Jersey pride (she grew up in Hawthorne) in colorfully rude ways."
  107. ↑ Levin, Jay. "Hawthorne seaman died helping to save the lives of others on the Titanic", The Record (Bergen County), April 15, 2012. Accessed April 15, 2012.
  108. ↑ Sullivan, Tim. Imus, Mike and the Mad Dog, & Doris from Rego Park: The Groundbreaking History of WFAN, p. 218. Triumph Books, 2013. ISBN 9781600788284. Accessed June 12, 2017. "So has Don La Greca. A native of Hawthorne, New Jersey, La Greca was a die-hard sports fan with a proud, pulverizing broadcasting voice in the works when The Fan started to make waves in the 1980s."
  109. ↑ Dale Memmelaar Archived 2007-02-07 at the Wayback Machine., Database Football. Accessed December 9, 2008.
  110. ↑ Bobbin, Jay. "Mailbag", Eugene Register-Guard, November 27, 1999. Accessed January 13, 2013. "Sergei is actually a native of Hawthorne, N.J."
  111. ↑ Rohan, Virginia. "North Jersey-bred and talented too", The Record (Bergen County), June 18, 2007. "Ivan Sergei: Class of 1989, Hawthorne High School"
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