Haraç

Haraç (Armenian: խարջ/kharj, Bosnian: harač, Macedonian: arač, арач, Greek: χαράτσι/charatsi, Serbo-Croatian: harač) was a land tax levied on non-Muslims in the Ottoman Empire.

Haraç was developed from an earlier form of land taxation, kharaj (harac), and was, in principle, only payable by non-Muslims; it was seen as a counterpart to zakat paid by Muslims.[1] The haraç system later merged into the cizye taxation system.

Haraç collection was reformed by a firman of 1834, which abolished the old levying system, and required that haraç be raised by a commission composed of the kadı and the ayans, or municipal chiefs of rayas in each district. The firman made several other changes to taxation.

References

  1. Hunter, Malik and Senturk, p. 77

Sources

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