Hamirpur, Uttar Pradesh

Hamirpur
हमीरपुर
City
Hamirpur
Hamirpur

Location in Uttar Pradesh, India

Coordinates: 25°57′N 80°09′E / 25.95°N 80.15°E / 25.95; 80.15Coordinates: 25°57′N 80°09′E / 25.95°N 80.15°E / 25.95; 80.15
Country  India
State Uttar Pradesh
District Hamirpur
Incorporated 1937
Elevation 80 m (260 ft)
Population (2011)
 • Total 38,035
Languages
 • Official Hindi
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
Vehicle registration UP
Website www.hamirpur.nic.in

Hamirpur is a city and a municipal board in Hamirpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Hamirpur district.

According to the Central Statistical Organisation the district covers

Geography

Hamirpur is located at 25°57′N 80°09′E / 25.95°N 80.15°E / 25.95; 80.15.[1] It has an average elevation of 80 metres (262 feet).

Places of interest

  1. special lane beside Yamuna river for morning walk

Mosques and temples

 hajrat bukhare Shaheed baba at Badanpur,

Hills and rivers

Hills in the south outcrops of gneiss rocks cluster into low ranges, covered for the most part with stunted jungle. This is followed by a more level tract in which the hills grow sparser. Now most of the hill area comes under the district of Mahobha.

Yamuna : this river forms the north boundary of the district. The river first touches the district at the village Haraulipur in tehsil Hamirpur, where it forms a sudden loop. Flowing then east to Jamrehi Tir, it curves abruptly south to Sikrohi and then continues south-east part Hamirpur to Baragaon where the Betwa joins it. Its length in Hamirpur district is approximately 56 km.

Betwa : this river flows along the north-western border of the district from the point where the Dhasan joins it to the village of Kuprat separating tehsil Rath from district Jalaun. It enters the district near the village of Beri and flows separating tehsils Rath and Maudaha from tehsil Hamirpur. Its length in Hamirpur district is approximately 65 km.

Other rivers in the district are Dhasaan, Barma, Ken, Chndraval and Pandwaha. These rivers are used for irrigation purpose. A dam named Swami Bramhananad Dam (Moudaha Dam) has been constructed on the river Barma.

General

History

Ancient history

The early history of the region covered by the present district of Hamirpur may be traced back to the Palaeolithic age as evidenced by the discovery of choppers, hand axes and pebble cores. According to the Pauranic tradition the earliest known Aryan people who settled in this region, lying between the Yamuna and the Vindhyas, were known as Chedis. The Chedi kingdom was known as one of the 16 most important kingdom of that period in Mahabharat. The Mahabharata describes the Chedis as being blessed with knowledge of the eternal law of righteousness. King Shishupal, ruled this kingdom and killed by Krishna. It is said that its chivalrous Kshatriya, acting on the advice of Krishna, humiliated their enemies by making them prisoners and gave joy to their friends.

After some period this region was ruled by Maurays and Shungas. The district came under the domination of Kanishka (78–120). After him the history of the district is shrouded in obscurity till about the middle of the third century. when Vindhyasakti (255–275) rose to power who was founder of the Vakataka dynasty. It seems that the district partly came under the Vakataka sway and partly under the Bhaarshivas भारशिव, a branch of ancient Nagawanshi kshatriyas, whose sphere of influence extended at that time from Gwalior and Mathura in the West to probably Varanasi and Mirzapur in the east Gupta dynasty also ruled this region from the middle of the 4th century and continued till the beginning of the 6th century.

The country ruled by the Chandels from the beginning of the 9th century, was organised into a bhukti (province), called Jejakbhukti. Jejakbhukti coincides with modern Bundelkhand comprising this district. During the rule of Khangars Rajput (between the 12th century and 14th century), the area including other parts of Bundelkhand came to be known as Jujhauti (or the land of warriors).

In the eleventh century the town of Hamirpur, which gave its name of the district, was founded by one Hamira Deva, a Kalachuri Rajput, who came there from Alwar and took shelter with one Badna, an Ahir. Hamira later on drove out Badna and built a fort here.[2]

Bunda's name still survives in the neighbouring village of Budanpur, where remains of an ancient Khera are found. Having no male issue, Hamira Deva adopted his daughter's son Ram Singh, who married with the daughter of a Rajput of Amlar in Banda district. He was offered, in marriage, the eastern portion of pargana Maudaha as dowry. The remains of the fort built by Hamira Deva are still found in Hamirpur.

Medieval period

For some period this region was ruled by the Khangars Rajput and Bundelas. During Akbar's reign (1556–1605), the district of Hamirpur was divided between two suba. The parganas of Mahoba, Mulkira, Maudaha and Sumerpur and considerable portion of other territory were comprised in the three mahals (revenue paying pargana) of Maudaha, Khandela and Mahobha within the sirkar of Kalinjar and subah of Allahabad. The remainder of the district was distributed over the mahals of Rath., Khandaut, Kharela and Hamirpur and belonged to the sirkar of Kalpi in the subah of Agra. Even its submission to the Mughal authority some part of this district seem to have remained under the Bundelas. During Aurangzab’s reign, Chhatra Sal, a principal leader of the Bundelas commenced operations against Aurangzab in 1671 and expended his power over the whole of the country east of the Dhasan, river, completing his conquest with the capture of the celebrated fortress of Kalinger on about 1680. His forces overran the tract now comprising the present district Hamirpur.

Modern period

In 1721, Muhammad Khan Bangash, famous as Nawab Farrukhabad, was appointed governor of Allahabad. Fighting engagements with the entrenched Bundelas, it was not until the end of 1728 that the whole Hamirpur district had come into the Nawab’s possession. It was brought to complete order in March 1729 when the sudden advent of the Marathas, Peshwa Baji Rao, into the region turned Muhammand Khan’s course of victory into defeat.

Raja Chhatra Sal, restored to his possessions, by Maratha aid and realizing that without their assistance and protection his power would be lost as it had been acquired, decided to make the Marathas interested in its preservation. Shortly before his death, he drew up a will, by which he bequeathed one-third of his dominions to the Peshwa Baji Rao, on the condition that his heirs and successors should be maintained by the Marathas in possession of the rest. The one-third of his dominions, Jaitpur Raj, which comprised most of the district was given to his second son, Jagat Raj.

Most of the tract covered by the present district was ceded to the East India Company by the treaty of Bassein on 31 December 1802. The captured of Kalpi by the British the same year effectually confirmed the British occupation of Bundelkhad. Hamirpur was then included in the newly formed district of Bundelkhand and remained a part of it till March, 1819, when two district were formed. One including Hamirpur to the north was called Northern Bundelkhand or Kalpi, and that to the south Banda. In 1821, the headquarters of the former from Kalpi shifted to Hamirpur. In 1823, Hamirpur was formed as independent district. The later history of the district up to 1857 is chiefly concerned with the difficulties of fiscal administration.

The 20th century began with the growth of nationalism in the whole of India and Hamirpur was no exception. The youth of the district were restless. During the anti-partition agitation of 1905, the district did not lag behind in holding public meetings, organizing strikes and protests.

The non-co-operation movement started in August, 1920, and spread rapidly in the district. A campaign was launched in the district for using indigenous goods, especially Khadi. The people were exhorted to leave government services, boycott the courts, and even children were asked not to go to English and government schools. The distribution of the pamphlets Bundelkhand Keshri and Pukar in the district marked a turning point as they created a revolutionary stir among the masses.

The district participated in the elections of 1937 which were conducted under the Government of India Act of 1935, in order to organize activities of the Congress in the district Jawaharlal Nehru and Abul Kalam Azad visited Maudha in 1937. With the outbreak of the second World War in 1939, however, the Congress ministries resigned on the issue of India's forced participation in it.

On the occasion of the celebration of Silver Jubilee year of Independence in 1973, 323 persons of the district, who had taken part in India's freedom struggle were granted tamra patras placing on record the part played by them in the country’s freedom struggle. [3]

Demographics

As of the 2001 Census of India,[4] Hamirpur had a population of 38,035. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Hamirpur has an average literacy rate of 91%, higher than the national average of 69.5%: male literacy is 97%, and female literacy is 92%. In Hamirpur, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Religions in Hamirpur
Religion Percent
Hindus
  
 77%
Muslims
  
 21%
Jains
  
 1.4%
Others†
  
 0.6%
Distribution of religions
†Includes Sikhs (0.2%), Buddhists (<0.2%).

Roads and railways

Hamirpur is situated on the National Highway 86 (NH 86) which is also called the Kanpur-Hamirpur-Sagar road. Kanpur is 67 km, Orai 85 km, Banda 95, Rath 76 km., Mahoba 85 km, but due to bad road conditions Rath distance can not be covered in less than 4 hours if travelling by roadways bus. NH 86 is in good condition now.hamirpur orai link road is also in good condition now.

Hamirpur is not very well connected to the outside world. No railway station is at Hamirpur Town. The nearest railway station is Hamirpur Road which is around 5–6 km from the city lacks conveyance and falls in Kanpur district. Other nearer railway station is Bharuwa Sumerpur which is 15 km from Hamirpur. There is no direct train from the district to the national capital Delhi.

References

  1. ↑ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Hamirpur
  2. ↑ Manohar Sajnani (2003). Encyclopaedia of Tourism Resources in India. 1. p. 356. ISBN 9788178350172.
  3. ↑ http://hamirpur.nic.in/history.htm
  4. ↑ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
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